Simple Past Tense

vs
Present Perfect Tense

By :
Radias Chaniago
 Definition
 Simple Past Tense
Kalimat atau Bentuk kata kerja sederhana yang
menjelaskan kejadian di masa lampau
Time Indicator (keterangan waktu) : yesterday,
last …, … ago.

 Present Perfect Tense

Kalimat atau Bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan
untuk menyatakan aksi atau situasi masa lalu yang
masih berlanjut sampai sekarang
Time Indicator (keterangan waktu) : many times,
several times, since, for, before.
 Formula Simple Past Tense
Verbal Sentence :
(+) Subject + Verb 2 + Complement
(-) Subject + did not + Verb 1 + Complement
(?) Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Complement ?

Nominal Sentence :
(+) Subject + Was/Were + Complement
(-) Subject + Was/Were + Not + Complement
(?) Was/Were + Subject + Complement ?

I
YOU
She Was Were
THEY
He (Singular Subject) (Plural Subject )
WE
It
For Example :
Verbal Sentence :
(+) She went to France last week
(-) She did not go to France last week
(?) Did she go to France last week ?

Nominal Sentence :
(+) He was a Doctor
(-) He was not a Doctor
(?) Was he a doctor ?
 Formula Present Perfect Tense
Verbal Sentence :
(+) Subject + Have/Has + Verb 3+ Complement
(-) Subject + Have/Has + not + Verb 3 + Complement
(?) Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + Complement ?

Nominal Sentence :
(+) Subject + Have/Has + been + Complement
(-) Subject + Have/Has + Not + been + Complement
(?) Have/Has + Subject + been + Complement ?

She I
He Has YOU Have
It (Singular Subject) THEY (Plural Subject )
WE
For Example :
Verbal Sentence :
(+) They have lived in Jakarta for a long time
(-) They have not lived in Jakarta for a long time
(?) Have they lived in Jakarta for a long time ?

Nominal Sentence :
(+) You have been a creative writer since 2020
(-) You have not been a creative writer since 2020
(?) Have you been a creative writer since 2020?
Exercise :

1. They ___ (were/was) not home last week

2. Adi ___ (go) to France last month
3. I ___ (have/has) been to bandung
4. She ____ (Have/Has), (get) twelve letters so far
this week
5. Did you ___ (go) to bioscop last night?
 THE ANALYZE
1. Jawabannya Were, Karena they menggunakan Were sebab, they itu
plural subject. Rumusnya “ S + Was/Were + Complement “
2. Jawabannya Went, Karena kata kerja kedua dari Go itu Went.
Rumusnya “ S + V2 + Complement “
3. Jawabannya Have, Karena I menggunakan Have sebab, I itu plural
subject. Rumusnya “ S + Have/Has + been + Complement “
4. Jawabannya Has dan Gotten, Karena she menggunakan Has sebab, she
itu plural subject. Dan Gotten disini bentuk kata kerja ketiga dari get.
Rumusnya “ S + Have/Has + V3 + Complement ”
5. Jawabannya Go, Karena di simple past tense di kalimat interrogative
menggunakan kata kerja pertama (Verb 1). Rumusnya “ Did + S +
Complement? “