Requirements for Reading and

writing subject
•80 leaves notebook (covered with color
yellow)
What is your expectation
on our subject READING
AND WRITING?
Importance of READING AND WRITING

•Critical Thinking
•Improves vocabulary
•Improves communication
Reading and Writing is a core
topic in the Senior High School
curriculum that teaches students
how to read and write in a
variety of contexts other than
poetry, fiction, and drama.
Lesson:
Patterns of Written Texts across Disciplines
(Compare and Contrast)
Most Essential Learning Competencies
• Compare and contrast patterns of written texts across disciplines
Objectives:
1. Identify the parts of a comparison and contrast essay;
2. Identify the methods used in writing a comparison and contrast
essay; and
3. Write a comparison and contrast essay using different methods.
Activity 1. Directions: From the topic below construct
sentences by comparing and constrasting, make sure
you use the transition devices below to highlight
similarities and differences.

•Modular Learning vs. Face-to-face

 Parts of Comparison and Contrast Essay

• From comparing and contrasting through

sentences, let us proceed to writing
longer composition by creating a
comparison and contrast essay.
What is an essay?
•An According to Bow Valley
College, an essay is a formal piece
of writing which is usually short and
deals with single subject (2020).
What is an essay?
• Writing an essay allows you to understand specific ideas and hones your
ability to explain concepts in your own words.
• Essays are usually written in discursive style which enables you to
present evidences and arguments to address a specific issue or inquiry.
Thus, it encourages you to filter out and arrange your ideas in a well
thought manner (Claudio, 2005). By following the process of clear and
logical reasoning, you will be able to catch your reader‘s attention and
make them acknowledge and concede with the ideas you have
presented.
Three parts of academic essay:
•Introduction
•A body, also called as the middle
section
•Conclusion
Three parts of academic essay:

• serves as a “Roadmap”

Introduction
Introduction
•An introduction serves as a ―road map for
the reader (Gabelo et al., 2016). It
acquaints the readers of what they are
about to learn by providing them
necessary background about the subject.
• The writer‘s central argument can be
identified in a form of a thesis statement.
You might ask, how long the introduction be?
• A typical introductory paragraph has an average of four (4) to
five (5) sentences. The first sentence functions as the opening
statement which is followed by two (2) to three (3) additional
sentences which gives an elaboration of your opening
statement. These sentences should create a connection to the
most essential part of your essay which is the thesis statement.
The thesis statement serves as the controlling idea of the entire
essay.
• It provides direction and encapsulates the content of the essay.
This direction and control is best attained by parallel structures.
Examples of thesis statement with parallel
structures
1. Thesis statements – all nouns
Japanese cars are better that their American counterparts because of
their durability, variety, and comfort.

A noun is a word that represents a person, thing, concept, or place.

Examples of thesis statement with parallel structures
2. Thesis statements – verbs-infinitives to + basic form of verb
Christmas vacations are my favorite holidays because I love to go shopping
around the stores, decorate the house with Christmas ornaments, and visit
my relatives and friends and their houses. (Note: It is not necessary to
repeat to in all three occasions.)

An infinitive verb is essentially the base form of a verb with the word "to" in
front of it.
Verbs are words that show an action (sing), occurrence (develop), or state
of being (exist).
Examples of thesis statement with parallel structures

3. Thesis statements – all adjectives

I like to take classes with Prof. Perez; she‘s by far more knowledgeable,
patient, and dedicated than all others.

An adjective is a word that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.

Adjectives can be used to describe the qualities of someone or something
independently or in comparison to something else.
Examples of thesis statement with parallel
structures
4. Thesis statements – verbs with phrases / same verb tense
Last year we had the best vacation ever because we traveled to many places, ate at many
different restaurants, and stayed at different hotels every day.

Examples of Verb Phrases:

She was walking quickly to the mall.
He should wait before going swimming.
Those girls are trying very hard.

Verb tense refers to when the action in a sentence takes place—whether it happened in the
past, is happening in the present, or will happen in the future. Most verbs take a past,
present, or future tense.
Three parts of academic essay:

A body, presents the writer‘s

point of view which is
A body, also called as the supported evidences. These
middle section facts prove the writer‘s
argument and persuade the
reader to accept the writer's
opinion and perspective.
Three parts of academic essay:

3. A conclusion restates and

summarizes the thesis and it
identifies the key points of the
Conclusion essay which proved the writer‘s
position. It may also provide
possible implications, suggestions,
or recommendations.
Activity 2: Pandemics: Past and Present
Read and examine the two paragraphs below. In what ways are they
similar to each other? In what ways are they different?