BIOT-SAVART LAW

Biot-Savart Law&&AMPERE’S
Ampere’s LAW
Law
 BIOT-SAVART’S LAW
The strength of the magnetic
field dB due to a small current
element dl carrying a current I
at a point P distant r from the
element is directly
proportional to I, dl, sin and
inversely proportional to
square of the distance r2 where
is the angle between dl and r.
 EQUATION
dB
d=
Where is the permeability of free space
= 4 wb
d= =
 BIOT – SAVART LAW APPLICATION

In this application

we will find
Magnetic field at
the Centre of
Current Carrying
Circular Loop using
Biot – Savart Law
 dl  We know by Right Hand Rule that

¬
Magnetic field is inward at center of
current carrying loop
r
 We also know angle made by
current element at dl & position
I I vector at dl is always 90
 r = radius of the carrying loop
 I = Current in loop
 dl = Infinite decimal length
 Magnetic field due to current element is by Biot – Savart Law is
dl =

¬
Where is the permeability of free space & sin = sin = sin( ) = 1

r r = ……….. for small element of current

To know total magnetic field we have to integrate
=
II I Where is universal constant, & I is constant, we are integrate all small
dl so we apply closed integration
=
When we integrate all small dl we get circumference of the circle which
is 2 ……… next page…
=
=
=
OR
=
AMPERE’S LAW
THE EQUATION FOR AMPERE’S LAW APPLIES TO ANY KIND OF
LOOP – NOT JUST A CIRCLE SURROUNDING A CURRENT, NO
MATTER HOW MANY WIRES THERE ARE OR HOW THEY ARE
SHAPED. THE LAW IS VALID AS LONG AS THE CURRENT IS
CONSTANT
A current carrying wire creates magnetic field around
it self, stronger the intensity of current greater the
magnetic field it produces.
 ds = oI

Angle between
current & Magnetic
magnetic field constant

ds = oI
Magnetic Infinitesimal Current in
element of wire
field
the loop

o = 4 ×N/
 Solving Integral
 = Magnetic Field

 = Angle between
magnetic field and
each point of loop

 ds = Infinitely tiny
sections of the loop
 MAGNETIC FIELD COMING FROM A
WIRE IS PARALLEL TO EVERY
POINT
 SO ANGLE IS 0, COS 0 = 1
 ds
 SINCE EVERY POINT ON A CIRCLE IS
AT EXACT SAME DISTANCE FROM
THE WIRE SO THE MAGNETIC
FIELD WILL BE SAME AT EVERY
POINT SO IS CONSTANT
 =2
 ds = 2
 2=I =I/2
 Ampere's found In two
wires if current flows in
same direction it attracts
each other
 And when current
flowing in opposite
direction it repels each
other
 To know the direction of
magnetic field we apply
Right Hand Rule
 According which If you
put right thumb in
direction of current your
fingers will curl in the
direction of magnetic
field
 Magnitude of
force from a
magnetic
field
MAGNETIC FIELD FOR SOLENOID
 TO KNOW DIRECTION OF THE
FORCE CREATED BY
SOLENOID WE USE RIGHT
HAND RULE

 ACCORDING WHICH - IF YOU

PUT YOUR HAND IN
DIRECTION OF CURRENT AND
BEND YOUR FINGERS IN
DIRECTION OF MAGNETIC
FIELD THEN THUMB SHOWS
DIRECTION OF THE FORCE
 If you put Coil in magnetic
field where current is flowing at
right side Coil will turn clock-
wise due to torque generated by
Electromagnetic Force &

 And this is how Electric motor

works