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Anaerobic Bacteria Intro
Anaerobic Bacteria Intro
Anaerobic Bacteria Intro
Role of Anaerobes
Role in normal host physiology
– Prevent colonization & infection by pathogens
Bacterial interference through elaboration of toxic
metabolites, low pH, depletion of nutrients
Interference with adhesion
– Contributes to host physiology
B. fragilis synthesizes vitamin K and deconjugates
bile acids
DEFINITION
A MICROBE THAT CAN ONLY GROW
UNDER ANAROBIC CONDITION
SENSITIVE TO
metronidazole (MTZ)
Aerobes: Grow in ambient air, which contains 21% oxygen and small
amount of (0,03%) of carbon dioxide (Bacillus cereus).
Aerotolerant anaerobes: Are anaerobic bacteria that are not killed by exposure to oxygen.
Microaerophiles: Microaerophiles are those groups of bacteria that can grow under
reduced oxygen (5% to 10%) and increased carbondioxide (8% to 10%). Higher oxygen
tensions may be inhibitory to them. This environment can be obtained in specially designed
jars or bags. (Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori).
CLASSIFICATION
B - SPORE FORMING
A - NON SPORING
D-MICROAEROPHILIC STREPT.
SPORE FORMING
Difficult treatment
PRESENCE AS NORMAL
FLORA
Skin
Nose
Mouth, throat
Stomach
Large intestine >1011 / gram colonic contents
Vagina
Endocervix
Urethra
MODIFIDE BY
Pathophysiologic states
Antimicrobial agents ,H-Blockers ,antacids
Hormonal changes
Age
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Oropharynx
Provetella melaninogenicus. Fusobacteria, Veillonella
Gastrointestinal tract
– Found mainly in the large colon in large numbers
– Total number of anaerobes = 10 11
– While all aerobes (including E. coli) = 10 4
– examples are (1) Bacteroides fragilis
– Bifidobacterium species
Female genital tract (mainly in the vagina)
CHARACTER OF ANAEROBIC
INFECTION
Suppuration
Abscess formation
Tissue destruction{gangrene}
Septic thrombophlebitis
Some have unique pathology
Actinomycosis
Pseudomembranous colitis
Gas gangrene
PREDISPOSING FACTORS
DISRUPTION OF BARRIERS
– TRAUMA
– OPERATIONS
– CANCEROUS INVASION OF TISSUES
DISRUPTION OF BLOOD SUPPLY
– DROPS OXYGEN CONTENT OF TISSUE
– DECREASE IN Eh POTENTIAL
– TISSUE NECROSIS
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS: