Bunyaviridae

Hugh B. Fackrell

fackrel@uwindsor.ca

Filename: Bunyavirus.ppt

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 Bunyaviridae
 Structure
 Classification
 Multiplication
 Clinical manifestations
 Epidemiology
 Diagnosis
 Control

02/27/23 Baron’s Web Site 2

 Structure
 Spherical enveloped particles
– 90-100 nm
 virus encoded transcriptase
 2 external glycoproteins
 multipartite - 3 segments of SS
RNA
– antisense - SS RNA
C=122

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 Classification
 Genera  Immunologically
– Bunyaviruses – 35 serogroups
– Phlebovirus – 300 types &
– Nairovirus subtypes
– Uukuvirus
– Hantavirus

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 BunyaViruses
 ARthropod BOorne viruses
– Phlebovirus
– Nairovirus
– Uukuvirus
– Hantavirus
 ROdent BOrne Viruses
– Bunyaviruses

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 Bunyavirus Replication

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 Virus RNA transcriptase

- ss RNA + mRNA

+ ssRNA

Cytoplasm

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Bunyavirus Replication 7
 Genetic Reassortment

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 Serious Bunya Virus Diseases
 Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
 Rift Valley Fever Virus
 La Crosse Virus
 Hanta Virus

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 Pathogenesis
 Early
– fever & viremia
 Late

– encephalitis
– retinitis
– renal involvement

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 OOPS!!

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 Epidemiology
 Determined by distribution of vector
and mammalian host
 Humans: accidental dead end hosts

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 Diagnosis
Presumptive Confirmation
 febrile illness  virus isolation
 geographic site of  Virus specific IgM
exposure  Rise in antibody
 Sean titer
 vectors

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 Control
 Control Vectors
– arthropods
– rodents
 Vaccination

– Humans: Crimean Congo

– Sheep & Cattle : Rift Valley

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 Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic
Fever Virus
 Headache
 pain in limbs
 bleeding from multiple orifices

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 Rift Valley Fever Virus
 Explosive potential
 Egypt 1977
 200,000 cases
 600 deaths

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 La Crosse Virus
 Fever
 convulsions
 drowsiness
 focal neurological signs

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 Hanta Virus

 Rodents - transmission to humans via

aerosolized excretions and bites. A
wide variety of biting insects.

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 Hanta Virus
 Lipid envelope
– susceptible to most
disinfectants.
– Need to lower pH < 5

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 Hanta Virus
 tripartite negative-sense
RNA
– L,>>viral transcriptase
– M>> envelope
glycoproteins
– >. nucleocapsid protein

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 Hantavirus Pulmonary
Syndrome
 febrile prodrome
 followed by

– non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema,

– hypotension
– shock

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 Hantavirus
 Four corners New Mexico
– May 1993 8 deaths
 April 5, 1994
68 cases in 17 states
– Deermouse in New Mexico - principal
reservoir do not cause infections - found in
saliva, urine, feces and is shed sporadically
-infected animals - blood, organs, saliva
feces, urine.
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 Hanta virus ...continued
– Humans visiting holding areas for animals
can become infected in five minutes.
– outbreaks of this and associated diseases
have been observed in
Baltimore, Maryland
Soeul, Korea
Belgium
England

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 DONE!!!

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