CHEMICAL BONDS – COVALENT BOND

ALVIN LEO T. SUASIN

COVALENT BOND

 Covalent bond, in chemistry, the interatomic linkage that results from the
sharing of an electron pair between two atoms. www.britanicca.com
 Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by
atoms. chem.libretexts.org
 SINGLE COVALENT BOND BETWEEN SIMILAR ATOMS

 1s1 1s1 1s2 1s2

before bonding after bonding, H atoms are isoelectronic to He
the molecule is H2
 SINGLE COVALENT BOND BETWEEN SIMILAR ATOMS

1s2 2s2 2p5 each atom of 1s2 2s2 2p6 each atom of F
before bonding , after bonding, F is isoelectronic
to Ne, the molecule is F2
 DOUBLE COVALENT BOND BETWEEN SIMILAR ATOMS

1s2 2s2 2p4 each atom of O 1s2 2s2 2p4 each atom of O
before bonding after bonding, O is isoelectronic
to Ne , the molecule is O2
 TRIPLE BOND BETWEEN SIMILAR ATOM

1s2 2s2 2p3 each atom of N 1s2 2s2 2p6 each atom of N, N is
isoelectronic to Ne, the molecule is N2
SINGLE COVALENT BOND BETWEEN DIFFERENT ATOMS

Before bonding, H is 1s1 and after bonding, H is 1s2 and

O 1s2 2s2 2p4 O 1s2 2s2 2p6
LONE PAIRS AND BONDING PAIRS

 Two bonding pairs and lone pairs (pairs of electrons not use in bonding)
 DOUBLE COVALENT BOND BETWEEN DISSIMILAR ATOMS

Before bonding C is 1s2 2s2 2p2 and O is 1s2 2s2 2p4

after bonding C is 1s2 2s2 2p6 and O is 1s2 2s2 2p6, both are
isoelectronic to Ne
 EXERCISE NO.
1. Show the Lewis Dot 1
Symbol/Structure of methane, CH4
 EXERCISE NO. 2

1. After bonding, the electronic configuration of H is ______.

2. After bonding the electronic configuration of N is ______.
3. After bonding H is isoelectronic to ______.
4. After bonding N is isoelectronic to ______.
5. In the Lewis Dot Structure of ammonia, NH3:
a. How many bonding pairs?
b. How many lone pair?
Answer:
1. 1s2
2. 1s2 2s2 2p6
3. He
4. Ne
5. ….
a. 3
b. 1