WILD ANIMAL

MANAGEMENT SORIANO,
ALFRED JAMES

TABOR,
MODULE 29 JACQUILINE
TABULA, ANA
MICHAELA
 Learning
Objectives
1.
To understand the importance of
individual animal welfare versus 3.
‘population/group welfare’. To identify and address specific
issues arising in this field.
2.
To define type and context of
human/non-domestic animal
interaction.
INTRODUCTI
ON
 DOMESTIC
ANIMALS
-a.k.a Domesticated Animals. -Animals that
have been bred and genetically modified over
different eras. They are different with their
wild ancestors through their genes.
 WILD
ANIMALS
A wild animal is an animal
that does need human help in
order to survive. It finds its
needs in a natural scenario.
 DOMESTICA
TION
The act of selecting a desirable trait of

an animal and breeding it to pass these

desirable traits to the future

generation.
THREE MAIN GROUPINGS OF
ANIMAL DOMESTICATION:
Domestication for Companionship:

-Dogs and Cats

Animals Farmed for Food:

-Cattle, Goat, Pig, Chicken,…

Work Animals:

-Horses, Donkeys, Camels,…

NOTE
!
Wild animals can be tamed without
achieving domestication.
 ● BIODIVERSITY
POPULATION -Genetic diversity within any
WELFARE species.
-Diversity of species.
-Important in wild animals,
-Ecological diversity of
more than in domestic
ecosystems.
animals.
● QUANTITY OF RESOURCES
-The welfare of the latter
● QUALITY OF RESOURCES
precedes to the welfare of the
group.
 ASSESSING 9 Categories of IUCN to
POPULATION Classify Species that are at
WELFARE
International Union for
High Risk of Global
https://www.iucnredlist.org/

Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Extinction:

o Not Evaluated (NE)
o Data Deficient (DD)
o Least Concern (LC)
o Near Threatened (NT)
IUCN’s Red List of o
o
Vulnerable (VU)
Endangered (EN)
o Critically Endangered (CR)
Threatened Species is
o
o
Extinct in the Wild (EW)
Extinct (EX)

an indicator about the

http://cmsdocs.s3.am
azonaws.com/keydoc
world’s biodiversity status. uments/summary_sh The IUCN was
eet_en_web.pdf established in 1964
 TYPE AND CONTEXT
OF HUMAN-WILD
ANIMAL
INTERACTION
 Livestock-Farmers-Wildlife  Tourism

 Development  Zoos

 Trade  Rehabilitation and Re-

 National Parks; Wildlife/Game Introduction

Reserves  Pests and Alien species

 WILDLIFE
Competition for Grazing:
[e.g.] Domestic livestock v. Wild
herbivores.
Disease Spreading:
[e.g.] Wildlife animals disease
transmission to domestic animals.
Predation
[e.g.] Snake feasting on chicken
eggs.
 DEVELOPM Pollution

Habitat LossENT
• List of Pollutants
and Degradation
ʘ Air Pollution
-Habitat: where organisms live and fulfill their
-Greenhouse Effect
behavioral needs
-Acid Rain (S and NO)
-Habitat Loss: primary cause of biodiversity and
ʘ Water and Soil Pollution
species deflation.
-Household/Industrial Waste
-Activities: man-made gestures that causes habitat
-Herbicides and Pesticides
loss. (e.g. cutting down forests)
-Organic Waste and Fertilizers
-Plastics, Metals, Chemicals
-Oil
-Radioactive Substances
Fishing Hunting 1

-Hunting for subsistence

-Overfishing and bycatch
-Hunting as a sport
-Stunning and Killing of Wild and
Farmed Aquatic Species
Hunting 2 The Bushmeat Issue

Welfare implications:

-Stressful chase; -Illegal commercial trade in wildlife for

meat; and
-Separation from group, offspring;
-Major threat to wildlife
-Injury without killing;

-Trapping; and

-Orphaned offspring.
 Trade

Demand for Demand for Demand for

Live Wildlife Meat from Wild Species By-
Wild Species Products
National Parks/ Game Reserves Conflicting Interests of
Humans and Animals
Aims

-Human Entertainment/Education -Restriction of Grazing in National Parks

-Conservation of Species -Hunting/Illegal Hunting

-Income for Local People

 Tourism

BENEFITS:

-Economic Incentive

COSTS:

-Disruptive human presence (e.g. off road driving)

-Source of pollution and habitat loss

-Income mostly not for local people

-Disrupting local communities

 EXAMPLE:
Zoos

-Facilities might be too old and poorly designed;

-City Zoos too Small for Large Animals; and
-Some species difficult to keep in captivity.

-Social behavior
-Feeding behavior
-Exploratory behavior
-Locomotory behavior
-Resting behavior
-Comfort behavior
Rehabilitation and Re-Introduction

This aims to rescue wild animals up to the

fullest extent.

Issues:
-Requires experience and knowledge.

-Time and resource consuming.


Legislation
-Concerned about the protection and
welfare of all animals, domestic or
wild, promotes the conservation of
biodiversity and implements rules to be
followed for the safety of animals.
International examples:
-CITES
-CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
-International Convention for the Regulation of
Whaling (1946)
-CMS Bonn Convention on the Conservation of
Migratory Species of Wild Animals
-Convention on the Conservation of European
Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern/Berne,
19.IX.1979)
-National legislation
Thanks!
Do you have any questions?

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 Resources

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/a
rticle/domesticated-animals

https://www.eekwi.org/animals/leave-wild-ani
mals-wild

https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/bycatch

https://www.iucnredlist.org/