Lecture No.

3 Fractional Compound of Asphalt ‫لتجزيئية‬ ‫مركباتا السفلتا‬

Asphalt or bitumen, cementing materials Hydrocarbons [C 89 H104 S3 N2 O2]. The

fractional components of asphalt determined by the precipitation method are: -
(according to Rostler Sternberg)
Fraction A; Asphaltenes, nC7 in soluble with normal heptanes.
Fraction A constitutes the bodying agent affecting the consistency of asphalt.
Fraction N; which makes fraction (A) soluble and produce a homogenous mixture
of other fractional components.
Fraction A1; is a solvent for fraction (A) with (N), (A1) is highly reactive and subject
to oxidation (high unsaturation)
Fraction A2; is a solvent for fraction A but has a low unsaturation and less
susceptible to oxidation
Fraction P; having no chemical unsaturation, is least responsive to oxidation and
thus contributes greatly to durability. The ratio (N/P) responsible for the
rheological properties (Gel/Sol)
 Fraction General Description -Principle characteristics
Chemical Reaction of fractional components
Asphaltenes Higher molecular weight Low
Nitrign bases Maltenes fraction High
1st acidaffins Unsaturated residual hydrocarbons High

2nd acidaffins Slightly unsaturated hydrocarbons Low

Paraffin’s Saturated hydrocarbons Low

N
Peptize

Soluble
Soluble Soluble

A
Bodying
agent
Soluble

Insoluble
A1+A2 P
Solvent Gelling
Soluble
agent

Solubility Relations of Asphalt Components

Performanc Parameters can be used to evaluate asphalt;
a) Rostler Parameter (PR) P R = (N+A1)/(P+A2) PR ≤ 1.5
N+A1 more reactive than P+A1
b) Gotoliski Parameter ( P G) P G = (N+A1+A2)/(P+A)
PG (1.3 – 2.6 satisfactory perforamnce
Fractional Components according to ASTM-D4124
•Asphaltenes A; nC7 in soluble with normal heptanes ; relative hardeners of asphalt (consistency)
•Petrolane’s P; nC7 soluble
•Polar-Aromatics PA (+,-)
Adhesiveness of asphalt
•Naphtha – Aromatics NA; (elastic and plasticizer)
•Saturates (S); Gelling material or
•Material not effect with time (S.A)‫مواد ال ت تاثر ب ا لزمن‬
•Material affected with time (PA, NA)‫مواد ت تاثر ب ا لزمن‬
•Gaested Index IG = (A+S)/(PA+NA) (0.4-1.1) ‫مع املك استد‬
•Viscosity at 60 c and measured by poises; absolute viscosity
o PR % of
Log η = 0.903 + 5.3 * I G PR components
Performance
0.4 – 1.0 A 19
Superior asphalt type
Example No.1:
1.0 - N
1.2 24
Good type
If IG=0.8, determined absolute viscosity.
1.2 – 1.5 A1 20 type
Satisfactory
Example No.2:
> 1.5 A2 26
Not acceptable
Determined PG and PR for the following local asphalt; P 11