19TH CENTURY OF ARCHITECTURE

19th-century architecture was greatly influenced by earlier architectural movements

and foreign, exotic styles, which were adapted to the new technologies of the early
modern age. The revivals of Greek, Gothic, and Renaissance designs were fused
with contemporary engineering methods and materials. In the Western world,
Historicism idealized past empires and cultures, and used motifs inspired by them to
stimulate national nostalgia

PITCH DECK 2
 19 TH CENTURY OF
ARCHITECTURE

• Eclecticism is a nineteenth •  Copycat era, no

style in which a single
piece of work incorporates
a mixture of elements from • Eclecticism in
previous historical styles
to create something that is
new and original.
• Is known as a period
of eclecticism.
originality.
architecture implies
freedom on the part of
the architect or client to
choose among the styles
of the past that seems to
him appropriate.

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CHARACTERISTI
CS
Two principal
characteristics distinguish
19th-century architecture;
the use of a variety of
historical styles and the
development of new
materials and structural
methods.

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 The first arose from the 19th century architect's perception that he had to
continue in the traditional styles of their predecessors. Elements of these
earlier styles were put together to give an air of authority to town halls
CHARACTERISTIC (Birmingham), railway stations (Euston, London), opera houses (Paris
S Opera) and legislatures (Houses of Parliament, London). Restraints of
taste and careful application of Classical standards, which had
characterized the 18th century, gave way to a variety of styles which
could be either quaint, bombastic or severe and generally, to modern
eyes, of great curiosity.

Opera Houses Legislatures Town Halls

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(Paris Opera) (Houses of Parliament, London) (Birmingham)
 Eiffel Tower The Glass And Iron Vault For
Brighton Pavilion
Paddington Station

The second characteristic emerged from the development of new materials as a result of the new
industrial needs. In building, new forms - factories, warehouses, railway terminals,
administrative centres, hospitals - were demanded. In the mid years of the century, cast iron was
used structurally in large buildings such as warehouses and libraries. The Crystal Palace,
designed by Joseph Paxton for the 1851 International Exhibition in London, provided a
CHARACTERISTIC
spectacular example of the possibilities of cast iron and glass that had worldwide publicity. The S
new ferrous building materials were made to conform to the taste for Classical, medieval or
other exotic styles (Brighton Pavilion); for example the glass and iron vault for Paddington
Station by Brunel and Wyatt was supported on 'Gothic' columns. In 1889 Gustav Eiffel designed
the exhibition tower for Paris which bears his name and provided the same form of publicity for
the new material - steel.
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 FAMOUS 19TH CENTURY BUILDINGS AND
ARCHITECTS

Flatiron Building (Fuller Building)
New York (1901-03)
Designed by Daniel Burnham.
Steel-frame construction.
Sagrada Familia, Barcelona (1883) Baltimore Basilica (1806-21)
Designed by Antoni Gaudi. Designed by Benjamin Henry Latrobe.
Art Nouveau style of Gothic architecture! Neoclassical.
The first Roman Catholic Cathedral in the
United States.
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 FAMOUS 19TH CENTURY BUILDINGS AND
Tegel Palace, Berlin (1821-24)
Designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel.
Neoclassical style building and gardens.
ARCHITECTS
Chateau de Pierrefonds, Oise, France Palacio Episcopal, Leon, Spain (1889-
(1858-85) 93)
Designed by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc (1814-79).
Designed by Antoni Gaudi.
Medieval style of architecture with Gothic
Art Nouveau style of architecture.
Revival interior.
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 THANK YOU

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