ELECTION

ETHICS
Anshika Nikita
Ishita Lipika​
AGENDA
Introduction​: What is election, what are election ethics,
Primary goals :
​Areas of growth
Timeline
​Summary​
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ELECTION ETHICS
An election is a process in which people vote to choose a person or group of
people to hold an official position and the moral principles which should be used
while contesting elections are known as ELECTION ETHICS.

ELECTION with a deficit of ethical component is like a vehicle moving not in a right
direction.
To
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WHY ARE ELECTIONS NEEDED?

 Bedrock of largest democracy
 Medium for raising of voice and assertion of demands
 Choice of leadership
 Change of leadership
 Political Participation
 Self corrective system
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ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA

• The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering
Union and State election processes in India
 Part XV of the Indian constitution deals with elections, and establishes a commission for these matters.
 The Election Commission was established in accordance with the Constitution on 25th January 1950.
 Article 324 to 329 of the constitution deals with powers, function, tenure, eligibility, etc of the commission
and the member.
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THE ETHICAL ACT OF VOTING

Elections exemplify the

tendencies of natural human
conduct
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• It is often said that voting is a duty, but what kind of a duty is it? Is it to make a
mark on a sheet or is it actually a particular process of thinking and deciding?

• Consider the act of voting by those who get paid before they vote. This practice is
not only endemic across States but is also done quite brazenly in some places.
Party members go house to house and distribute money and other goods. 
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IS ELECTION REDUCED TO TRANSACTION IN THE EYES OF PEOPLE?

• cash-for-votes practice seem to go against the very grain of democratic election

• When we vote based on our ideology, we are following the same logic as those taking money. Those for whom
small amounts of money do not matter ask for other favours, including protection of their interests, whether their
religion, their caste or even economic benefits appropriate to their class. When a group of rich people vote for a
person who supports lower taxes, they are doing exactly the same as the poor, since voting is used as a transaction
to get something they desire.
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VOTING AS A RATIONAL
CHOICE THEORY

The dynamics of voting is

thus a complex problem of
rationality, similar to
problems in rational choice
theory
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MODEL CODE OF CONDUCT

• The MCC is a set of guidelines issued by the Election Commission (EC) to regulate political parties and candidates
prior to elections. Basically, the code spells out the do's and don’ts for elections

• the code does not have any specific statutory basis. It has only a persuasive effect. It contains what is known
as “rules of electoral morality”. But this lack of statutory backing does not prevent the Commission from enforcing
it.
• The Commission issued the code for the first time in 1971 (5th Election) and revised it from time to time.
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T N SESSION : AN ERA OF REVOLUTION IN VOTING

T N session is best known for his electoral reforms

“It was not that I introduced a new reform in the system," says Seshan. "In fact, I didn’t even add one comma,
semicolon or a full stop to the Act. Whatever was said in the Act, I implemented."
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REFORMS
• The era of TN Session was indeed an era of change for improvement.  Tirunellai Narayanaiyer Seshan is revered
for his stint as the Chief Election Commissioner for his honesty and his efforts to put an end to corruption during
the election process.
• Insuring the autonomy and integrity of the Election Commission
• Empowering the voters
• Reforming or changing electoral procedures
• Changing the election laws
• During his tenure as the Chief Election Commissioner, Mr. Seshan reviewed more than forty thousand cases of
false election and disqualified around fourteen thousand candidates for public offence. He resolved one of the
high-profile case involving Subramanian Swami and the Janata Party in one hearing while his predecessor held
multiple hearings, made 1600 pages of notes and did not take any decision. He did not give in to any demands of
politicians. To curtain Mr.Seshan’s power, Parliament amended the Constitution and added two commissioners to
share power with him.
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RECENT INSTANCES OF VIOLATION OF MODEL

CODE OF CONDUCT

• 1.Recently, during Delhi Assembly elections, police sized huge quantity of liquor which was meant to lure
voters.
• 2.The ECI was flooded with complaints of violations of MCC in terms of personal allegations, publicity
material and schedule, hate speeches, among others.
• 3.The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) had complained against the BJP’s front page advertisement in various
newspapers a day before polling, listing the achievements of the Narendra Modi government and asking
people to vote for it in the Assembly polls. Both the parties made their argument and it was for the Election
Commission to decide whether the advertisement had violated the code of conduct or not.

• 4.During the Jammu and Kashmir Assembly elections, the National Conference filed a complaint against
Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh for misuse of government agencies, a violation of the MCC.

• 5. Also the political parties have started to use internet as a means to propogate their agenda and influence
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CRITICISMS
• Electoral bond Act
• Using states’ money power and people for elections
• Bengal poll violence
• .Election Amendment bill
• Biased voting
• whisper campaign
• .Unfair Competition 
• Intimidation of voters,
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RECOMMENDATIONS
• INFORMATION APPLICATION
• VOTER LITERACY
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CONCLUSION
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