Introduction to

Electricty and
Electrical Systems
Electricity as an energy, sources, and alternative
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 INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY
According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, electricity is a form
of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such
as electrons or protons), either statically as an accumulation of
charge or dynamically as a current. Electricity is measured in
units of power called watts.

 It is the flow of electrical power or charge.

 It is an invisible force that provides light, heat, sound, and
motion.
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 ELECTRICITY Electrical Circuit is a system of conductors and
components forming a complete path for current to
TRAVELS IN travel

ElectricityCIRCUIT!
travels in closed loops, or circuits Properties of an electrical circuit include:
(from the word circle). It must have a complete
path before the electrons can move. If a circuit is
open, the electrons cannot flow.
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 Current in a Circuit
CURRENT
The flow of electric charge measured in
AMPERES.
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 Voltage in a Circuit
VOLTAGE
The force (pressure) that causes current to flow
and measured in VOLTS.
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 Resistance in a
RESISTANCE Circuit
The opposition of current flow and measured in
OHMS.
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 MULTIMETER
It is an instrument designed to measure electric
current, voltage, and usually resistance, typically over
several ranges of value.
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 CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION
CIRCUIT
is a system of conductors and components forming a
complete path for an electric current, consisting of
the source of electrons, pathway, and load devices.

Components in a circuit can be connected in one of

the following two ways:
SERIES
PARALLEL
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 SERIES CIRCUIT
components are connected end-to-end with only a
single path for current to flow.
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 PARALLEL
CIRCUIT
both ends of the components are connected
together with multiple paths for current to flow
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 COMBINATION
CIRCUIT
It involves the dual use of series and parallel
connections in a circuit; such circuits are also
referred to as compound circuits.
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 CIRCUIT ELECTRIC
SYMBOLS POWER
is the rate, per unit time, at which electrical
energy is transferred by an electric circuit.

The formula for electric power is given by

P = VI

Where,
P is the power
V is the potential diff. in the circuit
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I is the electric current

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 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Electrical systems, also named circuits or networks, are designed as combinations of
mainly three fundamental components—resistor, capacitor, and inductor—which are
correspondingly defined by resistance, capacitance, and inductance, generally
considered to be lumped parameters. 
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 ELECTRICITY AS ENERGY
Electrical energy is the most convenient form of energy for most human uses. It can be used for
running computers and most appliances, home heating, and even transportation. Electrical energy can
be created from batteries, generators, dynamos, and photovoltaics, or stored for future use using fuel
cells, batteries, capacitors or magnetic fields, etc.
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 ELECTRICITY AS
SOURCE
Electricity is a secondary energy source which means that we get it from the conversion of other sources of
energy, like coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary sources.
There are various methods of electricity generation dependent on types of energy. Among resource energies,
coal and natural gas are used to generate electricity. The energy sources we use to make electricity can be
renewable or non-renewable, but electricity itself is neither renewable nor non-renewable.
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 ELECTRICITY AS ALTERNATIVE
Electricity is considered an alternative fuel. Electricity can be produced from a variety of energy
sources, including natural gas, coal, nuclear energy, wind energy, hydropower, as well as solar energy
and stored as hydrogen or in batteries. All electric vehicles are capable of drawing electricity from off-
board electrical power sources (generally the electricity grid) and storing the energy in batteries.
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