Grade 9 – Mathematics

Quarter I
SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY
COMPLETING THE SQUARE
OBJECTIVES:

•Express square of
trinomials as a square of
binomials; and
•Solve quadratic equations
by completing the square.
COMPLETING THE
SQUARE
To complete the square of the
expression 𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥, add the square of
half the coefficient of 𝑥to make
𝟐
𝒃
𝒙𝟐+𝒃𝒙 + .
𝟐
Complete the square. 𝒃
𝟐
𝒙𝟐+ +𝒃𝒙 +
𝒙𝟐− 𝟖𝒙+ 𝟐

8
− = −4
2

( − 4 ) 2 = 16

𝒙𝟐− 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 (𝒙 − 𝟒)𝟐
Complete the square. 𝒃
𝟐
𝒙𝟐+ +𝒃𝒙 +
𝒙𝟐+ 𝟑𝒙+ 𝟐

3 3
=
2 2
2
3 9
=
2 4

3 2
𝟗 𝑥+
𝒙𝟐+ 𝟑𝒙+ 2
𝟒
Express each of the following perfect square trinomials
as a square of a binomial.

1. 𝑥2 + 4𝑥 + 4 (𝑥 + 2) 2
2. 𝑥2 + 12𝑥 + 36 (𝑥 + 6) 2
3. 𝑥2 − 10𝑥 + 25 (𝑥 − 5) 2
25 5 2
4. 𝑥2 − 5𝑥+ (𝑥−
4 )
2
 𝑥2 + 10𝑥 = 3
Add 25 to both sides of the equation
𝑥2 + 10𝑥 +
𝑥2 + 10𝑥 + 25 = 3 + 25
10 Express the PST on the left side of the equation as square of
binomial.
= 5 (𝑥+ 5 ) 2 = 28
2
(5 ) 2 = 25 𝑥+ 5 = ± 28
Solve the resulting QE by extracting the square root.

28 = 4∙7= 2
7
𝑥+ 5 = ± 2 7
𝑥2 + 10𝑥 +25 Solve each equation.

𝑥+ 5 = 2 7 𝑥+ 5 = − 2 7

(𝒙 + 𝟓)𝟐 𝑥= − 5 + 2 7 𝑥= − 5 − 2 7
𝑥2 − 3𝑥 +
𝑥−
2 3𝑥= 1
3 Add 94 to both sides 9 9
− of the equation 𝑥2 − 3𝑥 + 4= 1 + 4
2 2
Express the PST on the left 3 13
side of the equation as square x− =
3
2
9 of binomial. 2 4
− =
2 4
Solve the resulting QE by 3 13
9 extracting the square root. 𝑥− = ± 4
𝑥2 − 3𝑥+ 2
4
13
𝒙−
𝟑 𝟐
𝑥− 3 = ±
𝟐 2 2
 3 13
Solve each equation. 𝑥− = ±
2 2
3 3 13
𝑥− =
2− 2
13
𝑥− = 3
32 13 13
𝑥= + 𝑥= −
2 2
2
2 2
𝒙= 𝟐
𝟑+ 𝟐 𝟑−
 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 + 4 = 0 𝑥2 + 5𝑥= − 4
𝑥2 + 5𝑥 +
5 Add 245 to both sides of the 25 25
𝑥2 + 5𝑥+ = −4 +
2
equation 4 4
5 2 9
2
Express the PST on the left side of the x+ =
5 25 equation as square of binomial. 2 4
=
2 4
5 9
Solve the resulting QE by
𝑥+ = ±
25
extracting the square 2 4
𝑥2 + 5𝑥+ 4 root.
5 3
𝟓 𝟐
𝑥+ = ±
𝒙+
𝟐
2 2
 5
Solve each equation.
23 2
5 3 𝑥+ = ±5 3
𝑥+ = 𝑥+ = −
2 2 2 2
5 5 3
𝑥= − 3 + 𝑥= − −
2 2 2 2
2 8
𝑥= − 𝑥= −
2 2
𝒙= −𝟏 𝒙= −𝟒
 2𝑥2 − 3𝑥 − 9 = 0 2𝑥2 − 3𝑥= 9
Divide the terms by 2. 3𝑥 9
𝑥2 − 2= 2
−
3 3 1 3 3𝑥 9 9 9
2
2= − ∙ = −
2 2 4 Add 916to both sides of the equation 𝑥2 − + = +
2 16
2 2 16
3
2 9 3 81
− =
Express the PST on the left side 𝑥− =
4 16 of the equation as square of binomial. 4 16

3𝑥
3 81
2
Solve the resulting QE by 𝑥− = ±
9
extracting the square root. 4 16
𝑥 − +
2 3 9
𝒙−
𝟑 𝟐
𝑥− = ±
16 𝟒 4 4
Solve each equation. 𝑥− 3 = ± 9
4 4 3
3
49 4
9
𝑥 − 3= 𝑥 − 3= −
4
9 9
4
𝑥 = +12 𝑥 = − 6−
𝑥=4 4 𝑥= 4 4
4
4 𝟑
𝒙= 𝟑 𝒙= −
𝟐