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    The document summarizes the life cycle and evolution of stars from their formation in nebulae to their death. It discusses: 1) Stars form from dense clouds of gas and dust called nebulae. Protostars form at the center of these nebulae and grow via accretion until becoming main sequence stars. 2) Main sequence stars fuse hydrogen to form helium in their cores via nuclear fusion, which is their primary energy source. Low and high mass stars evolve differently after this stage. 3) Low mass stars become red giants then white dwarfs, eventually becoming black dwarfs when all energy is depleted. High mass stars end as red supergiants and explode as supernovae, leaving behind neutron stars or

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    The document summarizes the life cycle and evolution of stars from their formation in nebulae to their death. It discusses: 1) Stars form from dense clouds of gas and dust called nebulae. Protostars form at the center of these nebulae and grow via accretion until becoming main sequence stars. 2) Main sequence stars fuse hydrogen to form helium in their cores via nuclear fusion, which is their primary energy source. Low and high mass stars evolve differently after this stage. 3) Low mass stars become red giants then white dwarfs, eventually becoming black dwarfs when all energy is depleted. High mass stars end as red supergiants and explode as supernovae, leaving behind neutron stars or

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    32 views28 pages

    Stellar Formation and Evolution

    Uploaded by

    Ace • TV
    The document summarizes the life cycle and evolution of stars from their formation in nebulae to their death. It discusses: 1) Stars form from dense clouds of gas and dust called nebulae. Protostars form at the center of these nebulae and grow via accretion until becoming main sequence stars. 2) Main sequence stars fuse hydrogen to form helium in their cores via nuclear fusion, which is their primary energy source. Low and high mass stars evolve differently after this stage. 3) Low mass stars become red giants then white dwarfs, eventually becoming black dwarfs when all energy is depleted. High mass stars end as red supergiants and explode as supernovae, leaving behind neutron stars or

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    Stellar Formation and

    Evolution
    Review:
    1. What is the result of Bigbang nucleosysnthesis?
    2. What are the major events when the universe was;
    a. 4 seconds old
    b. 3 minutes old
    c. 30 minutes old
    d. 400,000 years old
    Review:

    + + +
    proton neutron deuterium

    +
    +

    deuterium neutron tritium


    Review:
    +
    + +
    proton +
    Helium-4
    Where do you think stars come from?
    The CORE
    nuclear fusion
    - the primary energy
    source of stars

    Hydrogen atoms fuse


    together to form helium
    and energy
    What happens during nuclear
    fusion?

    Hydrogen atoms fuse together to form helium, and ENERGY


    Where do you think stars come from?
    I. In the
    Beginning: The
    Nebulae!

    Nebula
    Interstellar cloud of dust,
    hydrogen and helium and
    other ionized gases.
    Nebula
    nebula

    protostar
    II. Star’s starting
    point of Life: The
    Protostar!
    hot dense core

    Protostar
    Protostar is the primal stage of a star’s
    life

    A protostar is a developing young star


    that may develop into either low to
    medium mass star or a high mass star.
    nebula

    high-mass star
    Main sequence star

    protostar

    low-mass star
    When do protostar become a real star?
    III. A Star is high – mass star
    Born: The Main
    Sequence Star!

    Main Sequence Star


    The real star stage
    Stage where thermonuclear fusion of
    hydrogen to helium stabilizes.
    This is the stage where the star
    produces tremendous amount of
    energy. low – mass star
    sun
    nebula

    high-mass star
    Main sequence star Red super giant

    protostar

    low-mass star
    Red giant
    IV. Growing Older,
    Growing Bigger: high – mass star
    The Red Giant Star!

    The Red Giant Stars


    As the hydrogen in the middle of the high – mass star : Red Super Giant
    star is depleted, the core of the star
    shrinks and heats. While the outer
    portion atmosphere, which is mainly
    hydrogen begins to expand. The star
    grows larger and brighter, and the
    surface temperature cools so that it
    low – mass star : Super Giant
    nebula

    high-mass star
    Main sequence star Red super giant

    protostar

    low-mass star
    Red giant Planetary nebula
    Nearing death of high – mass star
    Red Giant stars!
    Low-mass star

    the outer layers of the stars to be separated


    from the main portion of the star,
    the last gas in the outer layers of a star is
    swept out,
    it forms an expanding shell around the center
    of the star

    Planetary Nebula
    nebula neutron star

    high-mass star
    Main sequence star Red super giant supernova black hole

    protostar

    low-mass star white dwarf black dwarf


    Red giant Planetary nebula
    V. The Death of a
    Star: Depletion of high – mass star
    Energy!
    white dwarf black dwarf

    Low-mass star:
    Will become white dwarf, and eventually when
    all its energy is gone, they will no longer emit neutron star
    light, the star is now dead called the black
    dwarf
    High-mass star:
    The red super giant will become supernova supernova
    and after, will become neutron star or black Black hole
    hole.
    nebula neutron star

    high-mass star
    Main sequence star Red super giant supernova black hole

    protostar

    low-mass star white dwarf black dwarf


    Red giant Planetary nebula
    Mass of the star and its life span
    Relate evolution of star to life cycle of a person.

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