PREHISTORIC PERIOD

• Catal Huyuk
• Little Woodbury
• Maes Howe, Orkney Islands
• Stonehenge, Wiltshire
• Stone Alignments of Carnak, Brittany
CATAL HUYUK
 LOCATION 
• Neolithic monument in the present
day of Turkey.

• It aged between 6300BC to 5400BC

• 32 acre Neolithic site in South-

Central Turkey near modern city of
Konya.
 SHRINES IN CATAL HUYUK
   They made figurines of clay
and stone, which may have been
gods and goddesses. They also
mounted bull skulls on the walls
of some buildings and covered
them in plaster to resemble
living heads. It is believed these
buildings were shrines. Catal
Huyuk was abandoned about
5,000 BC.
 CATAL HUYUK DWELLINGS
• Catal huyuk is mostly
made of mud bricks

• Houses were built

touching against each
other.

• Houses were built

touching each other the
must have acted as
streets.
LITTLE WOODBURY
The Little Woodbury
roundhouse, like
many of the
buildings of this
type, dates from the
Iron Age, which
started around
600BC, and ‘ended’
with the arrival of
the Romans.
MAESHOWE
Maeshowe (pronounced `maze-ow' or `maze-oo') is a large Neolithic chambered cairn
from between 3000-2800 BCE, Located in Stenness parish of Orkney, Scotland.

name means `Meadow Mound’

considered to be one of the finest architectural achievements of prehistoric in Europe.

The whole impression is based to the idea of a "Neolithic cathedral and craftsmanship..

The cairn was declared as a World Heritage site in 1999.

It is now one of the tourist spot in Scotland.

The site was first excavated in July 1861 CE by the antiquarian James Farrer.
CHARACTISTIC:
The mound has 35m in diameter and 7m high, consists
mostly of packed stones and clay, with an inner layer of
stones around the chamber itself.

*The chamber is 4.5m square and about the same in

height.

*The entrance passage, 14.5m long and 1.4m high, is

lined with huge slabs, the largest weighing over 3 tonnes.

*It is surrounded by a trench 40 feet (12 metres) wide,

and varying in depth from 4 to 8 feet (1-2 metres).

*Farrer found the entrance passage blocked with rubble.

STONEHENGE
• Stonehenge is perhaps the world’s most famous prehistoric monument.

• The name of the monument probably derives from the Saxon stan-hengen, meaning
“stone hanging” or “gallows.”

• Stonehenge was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1986.

• Stonehenge was built in six stages between 3000 and 1520 BCE, during the transition
from the Neolithic Period (New Stone Age) to the Bronze Age.

• It consists of an outer ring of vertical sarsen standing stones, each around 13 feet (4.0
m) high, seven feet (2.1 m) wide, and weighing around 25 tons, topped by connecting
horizontal lintel stones.
Suggested Purpose of the
Monument:
• Druid temple or (Professors temple.)

• *“computer” to predict lunar and solar eclipses.

• *Center of confederation.

• * The stone represent the eternal afterlife.

• * A place of healing.

• *Tracking of time and season.

• (explination)...

• *English antiquarian John Aubrey and archaeologist William Stukeley believed

that the structure to be a Druid temple or (Professors temple.)
• *American astronomer Gerald Hawkins proposed that Stonehenge had been
constructed as a “computer” to predict lunar and solar eclipses.

• *Archaeologist Colin Renfrew hypothesized that Stonehenge was the centre

of a confederation of Bronze Age chiefdoms.

• *In 1998 Malagasy archaeologist Ramilisonina proposed that Stonehenge

was built as a monument to the ancestral dead, the permanence of its stones
representing the eternal afterlife.

• *Achaeologists Tim Darvill and Geoffrey Wainwright suggested that

Stonehenge was used in prehistory as a place of healing because ther found
bones and has a injury.

• *Studies of Stonehenge as a way of tracking time and seasons stretch back

centuries, but until now it's remained unclear exactly how this might have
worked.