Adjectives

Adjectives ending in –ing and –ed

(Ch.98)
Adjectives ending in –ing and –ed
A. There are many adjectives ending in –ing
and –ed.

e.g. Jane is bored because her job is boring.

If a person is boring, this means that they

make other people bored.
他 / 她是一個悶蛋。

What is their difference?

B. For non-living things/ objects, we use
adjective ending with –ing:

My life (non-living things/ objects) is

boring, interesting, tiring, satisfying,
depressing…
 When we describe the quality of a person/
thing, we use adjective ending with –ing:
Did you meet anyone (living things / people)
interesting at the party?

 But how about:

Have you found someone (living things /
people) interested in the party?

What does it mean?

 We use adjective ending with –ed only
when we describe how somebody feels:

Have you found someone (living things /

people) interested in the party?

= Have you found someone who enjoy

themselves at the party.
Compare these examples:
 interesting

 Julia thinks politics is interesting.

 Did you meet anyone interesting at the party?
 Julia is interested in politics.
 Are you interested in buying a car? I’m trying
to sell mine.
Compare these exanples:
 surprising

 It was surprising that he passed the exam.

 Everybody was surprised that he passed the
exam.
Compare these exanples:
 disappointing

 The film was disappointing. We expected it to

be much better.
 We were disappointed with the film. We
expected it to be much better.
Compare these exanples:
 shocking

 The news was so shocking.

 I was shocked when I heard the news.
Let’s practise!
1. She is a gifted girl. I am really _______
amused
(amuse) with her ______________
astonishing
(astonish) progress.

2. Tom is very good at telling jokes. He can be

very __________________
amusing (amuse).

3. Why do you always look so __________?

bored Is
your life really so ______________?
boring (bore)
 Do it yourself
1. He's such a monotonous speaker. I was _____stiff.
bored (bore)
2. Most sequels are ________________.
disappointing (disappoint)
3. I had such a __________
tiring day I went straight to bed. (tire)
4. Everyone's very ____________
excited about the news. (excit)
5. That lamp produces a very __________pleasing effect. (please)
6. The class was ________
saddened by the tragic event. (sadden)
7. I don't like watching depressing
________ films on my own.
(depress)
amazed
8. I was ________ when I knew she'd got divorced.
boring
(amaze)
interested
9. He's a _________ guy. He only talks about himself.
 Do it yourself
11. Nobody knew what will happen next. We were intrigued _____.
(intrigue) interesting
12. It was a very ________________ situation. (interest)
surprising
13. There's been somedisgusted
very ________________ news. (surprise)
14. His mother was _____________ by what she found. (disgust)
disgusting
15. Their hamburgers are ___________ . (disgust)
exhausted
16. Dad always arrives home from work ___________.
annoying (exhaust)
17. He's always showing off. It's really ______________ . (annoy)
annoying
18. I think Alex is the most ________ people I've ever met.
(annoy) embarassed
19. I walked into this restaurant and saw Andy with a strange
woman. He seemed really ________________ . (embarrass)
embarassing
Do the exercise in Unit. 98
Adjectives

Word Order

(Ch.99)
 Types of adjective
A. Sometimes we use 2 or more adjectives
together:

 My brother lives in a nice new house.

 In the kitchen there was a beautiful large
round wooden table.
Adjectives like new, large, round, wooden are fact
adjectives. They give us factual information.

Adjectives like nice, beautiful, pretty, handsome are

opinion adjectives. They tell us what somebody
thinks of something or somebody.
Order of adjective
 Opinion adjectives usually GO BEFORE fact
adjectives.

 a nice (opinion) long (fact) summer vacation

 an interesting (__)
O young (__) F man
 a pretty (__)
O large (__)
F round (__)
F wooden F
(__) table
 Mark it down please!
Order of adjective
B. Sometimes we use 2 or more FACT
ADJECTIVES.
 ORDER :
1.SIZE (size / length  shape / width) 
2.AGE  (old / young / new)
3.COLOUR 
4.ORIGIN / NATIONALITY
5.MATERIAL
6. PURPOSE / USE
+ NOUN
 When there are 2 or more colour adjectives,
we use “and” to join them:

e.g. A black and white dress

 But it doesn’t happen with other adjectives

e.g. A long black dress (NO and)

 2 1
1.           round / small / reading lamp
3 1 2
2.                       German / old / yellow / car
2 1
3.                       wooden / huge / sailing ship

1 2
4.                boring / old / physics teacher

2 3 1
5.            slim / Canadian / handsome / snowboarder

2 1
6.                   blue / round / sugar bowl
Adjectives after certain VERBS
C. We use adjectives after certain verbs:

Be Look
Get Feel
Become Sound Linking Verbs
Seem Taste
Smell...
Examples
 Be careful! A fierce dog is approaching.

 As the film went on, it became more and

more exciting.

 Your pals seems very nice, but a little bit

crazy.

 I’m exhausted and I’m getting hungry.

B. We also use adjectives to say how
somebody/ something looks, feels,
sounds, tastes or smells:

 You look tired. You’d better go home and

have a sleep!
 Jay’s new album sounds great. Alright, I’ll
buy one then.
 This cup of tea tastes a bit odd (strange).
 The dishes cooked by my mother smell
good.
 BUT to say how somebody does
something you must use an ADVERB.

 Drive (an action) carefully!

(not “Drive careful!”)
 Sue plays (an action) tennis very well.
(not “plays...very good”)
First, next, last, one, two…
 For these words, we put them in this order:

the first two days

the next few weeks
the last ten minutes

ORDERAMOUNT/ NUMBER
Using “and” with pair adjectives
 If the paired adjectives come before the
noun, do not use “and”.
 She went to a fabulous French restaurant.

 If the paired adjectives come after the
noun, use "and".
 The restaurant is fabulous and French.
 Commas (,) with paired adjectives

 He is a tall American man.

Shape Origin

 He is a handsome, mysterious man.

Opinion Opinion
Commas (,) with paired adjectives
 If the paired adjectives come before the
noun…
 Different types of adjectives: do not use a
comma between them.
 She went to a fabulous French restaurant.

 Same types of adjectives: use a comma

between them.
 She ate some delicious, elegant food.
Commas (,) with paired adjectives
 If the paired adjectives come after the noun…
 Use "and" with no comma. It does not
matter what types of adjectives are in the
pair.
 The restaurant was fabulous and French.
Do the exercise in Unit. 99