Cartesian Coordinate Plane

First take a look at………….

1
A little history

2
Cartesian Plane
Now, let’s take a look at…

4
Cartesian plane

Formed by
intersecting
two
real
number
lines at
right angles
5
Cartesian plane

Horizontal
axis is
usually
called the
x-axis

6
Cartesian plane
Vertical
axis is
usually
called the
y-axis

7
 Cartesian plane

Also called:

 x - y plane

8
Cartesian plane
Also called:
 x - y plane
 rectangular
coordinate
system

9
Now, let’s take a closer look…

10
Cartesian plane

Divides into
Quadrants

11
Cartesian plane

12
Cartesian plane

II I

13
Cartesian plane

II I

III
14
Cartesian plane

II I

III IV
15
Cartesian plane

II I

III IV
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Cartesian plane

The
intersection
of the two
axes is
called the
origin

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Cartesian plane

Math Alert II I
The
quadrants
do not
include the
axes
III IV
18
 Cartesian plane

Math Alert II I
A point on the
x or y axis is
not in a
quadrant
III IV
19
Cartesian plane

Each point in
the (x,y)
x-y plane is
(x,y)

associated
(x,y)
with an (x,y)
ordered
pair, (x,y)
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Cartesian plane

The x and y of (x,y)

the
ordered (x,y)
pair,
(x,y), are called (x,y)
its (x,y)
coordinates

21
Cartesian plane

Math Alert
There is an
infinite
amount of
points in the
Cartesian
plane

22
Take note of these graphing
basics

23
Cartesian plane

 Always
start
at (0,0)---every
point
“originates”
at
the origin

24
Cartesian plane y

 In plotting
(x,y)
---remember the
directions of x
both the x and y
axis

25
Cartesian plane

 (x,---)
x-axis goes
left and right

26
Cartesian plane

 (---,y)
y-axis goes
up and down

27
Now, let’s look at plotting…

28
Now, let’s look at plotting…

(2,
1) 29
Cartesian plane
(2,1
 S) t a r t at
(0,0)
(2,1
 ( + ,
)
---)
 M o v e rg
iht
2 30
Cartesian plane

(2,1
)
(---, +
) (2,1
 ( - - - , 1) )
 M o v e up
1
31
Now, let’s look at plotting…

32
Now, let’s look at plotting…

(4,
2) 33
Cartesian plane

(4,
 S2)
tart at
(0,0)

 ( + ,---)
(4,
 M o v e right 2)
4
34
Cartesian plane
(4,
2)
(---, - )
 ( - - - , -2)
 Mo (4,
ve 2)
down 2
35
Now, let’s look at plotting…

36
Now, let’s look at plotting …

(3,5
) 37
Cartesian plane
(3,
5)
 S t a r t at
(3,
(00,) ( - , ---) 5)
Move
left 3

38
Cartesian plane
(3,5 (3,5
) )
(---, +
)
 ( - - - , 5)
 M o v e up
5
39
Now, let’s look at plotting …

40
Now, let’s look at plotting …

(0,
4) 41
Cartesian plane
(0,
 S4)
t a r t at
(0,0) (0,
(none,---) 4)
 N o move
right or left
42
 Cartesian plane
(0, 4)
(0,
(0,+ 4)
 ( - - - , 4)
)
 M o v e up
4

43
Now, let’s look at plotting …

44
Now, let’s look at plotting …

(5,0
) 45
 Cartesian plane
(5,0)
 S t a r t at
(00,) (5,0
 ( -
)
,---)
 M o v e left
5
46
Cartesian plane
(5,0
)
 ( ---, 0)
 N o move
(5,0
)
up or down

47
Now, let’s look at a little plotting
practice…

48
 Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point---
Or what is the
‘(x,y)’of the
point?

49
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
(2,
of the point
4)

50
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

51
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

(

4
52
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

53
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate (0,3
the coordinates
)
of the point

54
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

55
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

(3, 3)
56
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

57
Cartesian plane
Directions: (1,
Approximate 6)
the coordinates
of the point

58
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

59
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Approximate
the coordinates
of the point

(

5 60

,
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Find the
coordinates of
the point two
units
to the left of
the y-axis and
five units
above the x- 61

axis
Cartesian plane
Directions: (2,5)
Find the
coordinates of
the point two
units
to the left of
the y-axis and
five units
above the x- 62

axis
Cartesian plane
Directions:
Find the
coordinates of
the point on the
x-axis and
three units to
the left
of the
y-axis 63
 Cartesian plane
Directions:
Find the
coordinates of
a point on the x-
axis and three
units to the (3,
left 0)
of the
y-axis 64
Hanapin Mo ‘ko
Lesson 2: Representations of
Relations and Functions

66
Relations & Functions

Relation: a set of ordered pairs

Domain: the set of x-coordinates
Range: the set of y-coordinates

When writing the domain and range, do

not repeat values.
Relations and Functions

Given the relation:

{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0,0), (1, -6), (3,
0)}
State the domain:
D: {0,1, 2, 3}
State the range:
R: {-6, 0, 4}
Relations and Functions

• Relations can be written in

several ways: ordered pairs,
table, graph, or mapping.
Table

{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), x y

(-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)} 3 4
7 2
0 -1
-2 2
-5 0
3 3
Mapping

• Create two ovals with the domain on

the left and the range on the right.
• Elements are not repeated.
• Connect elements of the domain with
the corresponding elements in the
range by drawing an arrow.
Mapping

{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0, 0), (1, -6), (3,
0)}
2
-6
1
4
0
0
3
Functions

• A function is a relation in which the

members of the domain (x-values)
DO NOT repeat.
• So, for every x-value there is only
one y-value that corresponds to it.
• y-values can be repeated.
Do the ordered pairs represent a
function?
{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), (-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3,
3)}
No, 3 is repeated in the domain.

{(4, 1), (5, 2), (8, 2), (9, 8)}

Yes, no x-coordinate is repeated.
Do the maps represent a
function?
No, -2 and 0 are not mapped to
exactly one element in the
range

Yes, the domain is mapped exactly

to one element in the range
Do the maps represent a
function?
Yes, the domain is mapped exactly
to one element in the range

No, the domain is mapped

to more than one element in
the range