SYSTEM

SOFTWARE
WHAT IS SYSTEM SOFTWARE?
• is a type of computer program that is
designed to run a computer’s hardware and
application programs.
 SYSTEM SOFTWARE?

OPERATING LANGUAGE DEVICE

SYSTEM PROCESSOR DRIVERS
OPERATING SYSTEM
• acts as an interface between the software
and different parts of the computer or the
computer hardware.
• it controls and monitors the execution of all
other programs that reside in the computer,
including application programs and other
computer system software.
 DISTRIBUTE
MULTI- D OS
PROCESSIN NETWORK
G OS OS

OPERATING
SYSTEM

TIME
BATCH OS
SHARING OS
REAL-TIME
OS
 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• Batch Operating System: This type of operating system does not interact with the computer directly. There is
an operator which takes similar jobs having the same requirements and groups them into batches.

• Time-sharing Operating System: This type of operating system allows many users to share computer
resources. (Max utilization of the resources).

• Distributed Operating System: This type of operating system manages a group of different computers and
makes appear to be a single computer.

• Network Operating System: This type of operating system running on a server and provides the capability to
manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions.

• Real-time Operating System: This type of operating system serves real time system and the time interval
required to process and respond to inputs is very small.

• Multiprocessing Operating System: Multiprocessor operating systems are used in operating systems to

boost the performance of multiple CPUs within a single computer system. Multiple CPUs are linked together so
that a job can be divided and executed more quickly.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
•Device Management: The operating system keeps track of all the devices. So, it is also called the Input / Output
controller that decides which process gets the device, when, and for how much time.

•File Management: It allocates and de-allocates the resources and also decides who gets the resource.

•Job Accounting: It keeps the track of time and resources used by various jobs or users.

•Error-detecting Aids: It contains methods that include the production of dumps, traces, error messages, and other
debugging and error-detecting methods.

•Memory Management: It keeps track of the primary memory, like what part of it is in use by whom, or what part is not
in use, etc. and It also allocates the memory when a process or program requests it.

•Processor Management: It allocates the processor to a process and then de-allocates the processor when it is no longer
required or the job is done.

•Control on System Performance: It records the delays between the request for a service and from the system.

•Security: It prevents unauthorized access to programs and data by means of passwords or some kind of protection
technique.
 LANGUAGE PROCESSOR
• Compilers, and interpreters, translate programs
written in high-level languages into machine code
that a computer understands. And assemblers
translate programs written in low-level or
assembly language into machine code. In the
compilation process, there are several stages. To
help programmers write error-free code, tools are
available.
 LANGUAGE
PROCESSOR

COMPILER INTERPRETER
ASSEMBLER
 TYPES OF LANGUAGE PROCESSOR
• Compiler : 
The language processor that reads the complete source program written in high-level language as a whole in
one go and translates it into an equivalent program in machine language is called a Compiler.  Example: C,
C++, C#, Java.  
• Assembler :
The Assembler is used to translate the program written in Assembly language into machine code. The
source program is an input of an assembler that contains assembly language instructions. The output
generated by the assembler is the object code or machine code understandable by the computer.  For
example, the architecture of intel 8085 and intel 8086 are different.
• Interpreter : 
The translation of a single statement of the source program into machine code is done by a language
processor and executes immediately before moving on to the next line is called an interpreter. Example:
Perl, Python and Matlab.
 DEVICE DRIVERS
• in computing refers to a special kind of software program
or a specific type of software application that controls a
specific hardware device that enables different hardware
devices to communicate with the computer’s Operating
System
• are essential for a computer system to work properly
because without a device driver, the particular hardware
fails to work accordingly, which means it fails in doing
the function/action it was created to do.
 DEVICE DRIVERS

Kernel-mode User-mode
Device Driver Device Driver
 TYPES OF DEVICE DRIVERS
• Kernel-mode Device Driver
This Kernel-mode device driver includes some generic hardware that loads with the
operating system as part of the OS these are BIOS, motherboard, processor, and some
other hardware that are part of kernel software. These include the minimum system
requirement device drivers for each operating system.
• User-mode Device Driver
Other than the devices which are brought by the kernel for working the system the user
also brings some devices for use during the use of a system that devices need device
drivers to function those drivers fall under the User mode device driver. For example,
the user needs any plug-and-play action that comes under this.
 USER

APPLICATION

SOFTWARE OPERATING SYSTEM

DEVICE DRIVER

HARDWARE DEVICE
(in most cases)