PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

(B.C. 1564) report 21st

Century
A.CHARACTERISTICS
• BASED ON ORAL TRADITION ORAL
TRADITION IS THE CULTURAL
KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION THAT
HAS BEEN PASSED DOWN THROUGH
SPEECH FROM ONE GENERATION TO THE
NEXT. ORAL TRADITION CAN ALSO REFER
TO THIS MODE OF COMMUNICATION.
EXAMPLES OF ORAL TRADITION
• THE ORAL TRADITION AND EXPRESSIONS
DOMAIN ENCOMPASSES AN ENORMOUS
VARIETY OF SPOKEN FORMS INCLUDING
PROVERBS, RIDDLES, TALES, NURSERY
RHYMES, LEGENDS, MYTHS, EPIC SONGS,
AND POEMS, CHARMS, PRAYER,CHANTS,
SONG ,DRAMATIC PERFORMANCE AND
MORE.
CRUDE OF IDEOLOGY AND PHRASEOLOGY

• IDEOLOGY IS A SYSTEM OF IDEAS AND

IDEALS, ESPECIALLY ONE WHICH FORMS
THE BASIS OF ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL
THEORY AND POLICY. "THE IDEOLOGY OF
DEMOCRACY”.
EXAMPLES OF IDEOLOGY

• AD SOCIETIES CHANGED THROUGHOUT

HISTORY, SO DID THE IDELOGIES THAT
JUSTIFIED SYSTEMS OF INEQUALITY.
PHRASEOLOGY
• PHRASEOLOGY IS A MODE OF
EXPRESSION, ESPECIALLY ONE
CHARACTERISTIC OF A PARTICULAR
SPEAKER OR WRITER."LEGAL
PHRASEOLOGY “
EXAMPLES OF PHRASEOLOGY
• PHRASEOLOGIGAL UNITS
ARE( ACCORDING TO PROF.KUNINA.V.)
STABLE WORD-GROUPS WITH
LARTUCALLY OR FULL TRANSFERRED
MEANINGS (" TO KICK THE BUCKET",
"GREEK GIFT”, “ DRINKS ALL'S BLUE”,
"DRUNK AS A FIDDLER ( DRUNK AS A
LORD, AS BOILED OWL)”, “ AS MAD AS A
HATTER ( AS MARCH HARE).
CONSISTED OF WRITTEN AND ORAL
LITERATURE

• ORAL LITERATURE SERVES TO

COMMUNICATE IDEAS, APPRECIATION OF
LIFE. THIS LITERATURE DEFINES,
INTERPRETS, AND ELABORATE ON THE
SOCIETY'S VISION OF REALITY AND THE
DANGERS IN THE WORLD. IT IDEALS WITH
THE HUMAN ADVENTURE AND
ACHIEVEMENTS AGAINST ODDS.
LANGUAGEOFTHEORALLITERATUREWASTHELANGUAGEDAILYLIFE

• ORAL LITERATURE IS A PERFORMED ART

WHICH IS MOST CASES USES SPOKEN
WORDS AS A MEDIUM OF
COMMUNICATION. PERFORMANCE PLAYS A
VITAL ROLE IN ORAL LITERATURE. FROMS OF
ORAL LITERATURE INCLUDE SONGS, ORAL
NARRATIVES, ORAL POETRY, RIDDLES, AND
TONGUE TWISTERS.
D E T S I S N O C , N I G I R O N A K O S A S A ) A T A B I L A ( T E B A H P L A T S E I L R A E

• THE FIRST FULLY PHONEMIC SCRIPT, WHICH

DEVELOPED INTO THE PHOENICIAN ALPHABET, IS
CONSIDERED TO BE THE ANCERSTOR OF MOST
MODERN ALPHABETS, ABJADS AND ABUGIDAS
INCLUDING ARABIC, CYRILLIC, GREEK, HEBREW
LATIN, AND POSSIBLY BRAHAMIC.
EXAMPLES OF ALPHABET IS
BAYBAYIN
BAYBAYIN IS THE PHILIPPINE SCRIPT. THE SCRIPT
IS AN ABUGIDA BELONGING TO THE FAMILY OF
THE BRAHAMIC SCRIPTS. GEOGRAPHICALLY, IT
WAS WIDELY USED IN LUZON AND OTHER PARTS
OF THE PHILIPPINES PRIOR TO AND DURING THE
16th AND 17th CENTURIES BEFORE REPLACED BY
THE LATIN ALPHABET DURING THE PERIOD OF
SPANISH COLONIZATION.
B. LITERATURE
• 1. ORAL LITERATURE a. BUGTONG (RIDDLES)- A
PUZZLING QUESTION TO BE SOLVED OR
GUESSED RIDDLES ARE QUESTIONS OR
STATEMENTS THAT OFFER A PUZZLE TO BE
SOLVED. THEY OFTEN INVOLVE CRITICAL
THINKING ON THE READER'S PART IN ORDER TO
FIGURE OUT THE ANSWER, AND THIS OFFERS
CHALLENGING ENTERTAINMENT.
EXAMPLES OF RIDDLES

• 1. THREE EYES HAVE I, ALL IN ROW; WHEN

THE RED ONE OPENS, ALL FREEZE LIKE
THE SNOW. (ANSWER:TRAFFIC LIGHT)
• 2. WHAT GETS WETTER AND WETTER THE
MORE IT DRIES (ANSWER: A TOWEL)
SALAWIKAIN (PROVERBS)- WITTY SAYINGS USING
METAPHORS AIMED TEACHING VIRTUES.

SALAWIKAIN, ALSO KNONW AS FILIPINO

PROVERBS, ARE WITTY SAYING THAT USE
METAPHORS AND ANALOGIES TO TEACH
VIRTUES, MORAL LESSONS, AND PRACTICAL
WISDOM.
SOME EXAMPLES ARE:
1. " ANG SAKIT NG KALINGKINGAN RAMDAM NG
BUONG KATAWAN.”(THE LAIN OF SMALL FINGER
IS FELT BY THE WHOLE BODY).

2. "ANG HINDI MARUNONG LUMINGON SA

PINANGGALINGAN AY HINDI MAKAKARATING SA
PAROROONAN”. (THOOSE WHO DO NOT LOOK
BACK TO WHRE THEY CAME FROM WILL NOT
REACH THEIR DESTINATION).
C. TANAGA MONO-RIMING HEPTASYLLABIC QUATRAIN EXPRESSING INSIGHT LESSONS.

• THIS TANAGA IMPARTS THE LESSON OF

RESPECTING INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND
PREFERENCES, AND NOT FORCING OTHERS TO
COMFROM TO OUR OWN. THE USE OF
HEPTASYLLABIC (7-SYLLABLE) LINES AND MONO-
RHYME (ONE RHYME THROUGHOUT THE POEM)
CREATES A CONCISE AND MEMORABLE
EXPRESSION OF THIS INSIGHT
HERE IS AN EXAMPLE OF A TANAGA

• BAWAT TAO’Y MAY KANYA-KANYANG HILIG,

MAYROONG GUSTO SA ALIWAN AT SAYAWAN,
MAYROONG MAS GUSTO SA TAHIMIK NA BUHAY,
NGUNIT HUWAG IPILIT,BAKA KUNG ANO ANG
MAWALA. ( EACH PERSON HAS THEIR OWN
PREFERENCE, SOME LIKE ENTERTAINMENT AND
DANCING, SOME PREFER A QUIET LIFE, BUT
DON’T. FORCE IT, LEST YOU LOSE SOMETHING) .
2. FOLK SONGS
• a. HELE/UYAYI - A LULLABY "Helle" or "Uyayi" is
a traditional Filipino lullaby. It is a soothing
song that is sung to put a child to sleep. The
lyrics of a helle or uyayi are often simple and
repetitive, and the melody is soft and melodic.
The purpose of the lullaby is to provide comfort
and relaxation to the child and to create a
peaceful atmosphere that will help the child fall
asleep. The lullaby is usually sung by a parent or
caregiver and is considered a special moment of
bonding between the two.
• b.KUMINTANG - A WAR SONG Kumintang is a
traditional Filipino musical genre that was
popular during the pre-colonial period in the
Philippines. It is a type of orchestral music
that was typically performed during
important events such as weddings, festivals,
and rituals. The kumintang ensemble usually
consisted of a combination of musical
instruments, including gongs, drums, and
bamboo flutes.
• c.HARANA - SERENADE A harana is a
traditional Filipino serenade that was
popular during the Spanish colonial period in
the Philippines. It is a romantic musical genre
that is performed by a solo singer, usually
accompanied by a guitar. The harana is
typically performed outside the window of
the object of the singer's affection and is
meant to express love and affection.
• d. DIONA/IHAMAN - WEDDING SONG Diona
or thiman is a traditional Filipino folk dance
that is performed in the northern region of
the Philippines, particularly in the Ilocos
region. It is usually performed during
festivities and is accompanied by fast-paced,
upbeat music played on instruments such as
the guitar, lute, and percussion instruments.
• e. TALINDAW - BOATING SONG Talindaw is a
traditional Filipino boat song that was
traditionally sung by sailors and fishermen as
they worked. The purpose of the talindaw
was to help the workers maintain a steady
rhythm as they rowed their boats or worked
on their fishing nets. The lyrics of the
talindaw often reflected the daily life and
experiences of the sailors and fishermen, and
were often humorous, playful, or melancholic
in nature.
• f. BALITAW - LOVE SONG Balitaw is a
traditional Filipino folk song that is typically
sung as a duet between a male and female
performer. The lyrics of the balitaw are often
improvisational and narrative in nature, and
the performers often engage in a playful,
flirtatious dialogue as they sing.
3. FOLK TALES
• a. MYTHS - EXPLAIN HOW THE WORLD WAS CREATED AND
OTHER PHENOMENA "Myth: The Greek myth of Prometheus
and Pandora is a story that explains the creation of the
world and the origins of human suffering. According to the
myth, Prometheus was a Titan who stole fire from the gods
and gave it to humans, thus bringing the gift of civilization. In
punishment for this theft, the gods created a woman named
Pandora, and gave her a box (in ancient Greece this box was
actually a jar) as a gift to Prometheus' brother. Pandora was
told not to open the box, but her curiosity got the best of
her and she opened it, releasing all the evils of the world
into the world of humans. The myth explains how suffering
and the problems of the world came to be, and serves as a
cautionary tale about the dangers of curiosity and
disobedience.
• b. LEGENDS - EXPLAIN THE ORIGIN OF THINGS "
Legend: The Legend of King Arthur is a well-
known story that tells the tale of a legendary
British king and his knights of the Round Table.
The story involves magic swords, enchanted
forests, and battles against evil forces, and it
celebrates the virtues of bravery, honor, and
chivalry. King Arthur is considered a hero and a
symbol of courage, and the legend continues to
be retold and reinterpreted in literature, film, and
other forms of media.
• c. EPICS - The pre-colonial period in
different parts of the world was marked
by the creation and transmission of
various oral epics that were often sung or
recited by bards, storytellers, and griots.
These epics served as a means of
preserving and conveying cultural values,
history, and traditions, as well as
providing entertainment.
Here are a few examples of pre-colonial period epics from different regions of the world:

• 1. The Epic of Gilgamesh: This is an ancient

Mesopotamian epic that dates back to the
3rd millennium BCE. It tells the story of the
legendary king of Uruk, Gilgamesh, and his
friend Enkidu, as they embark on a quest for
immortality.
• 2. The Ramayana: This is an ancient Indian epic
that dates back to the 5th century BCE. It tells the
story of the prince Rama and his wife Sita, who
are exiled from their kingdom and must battle the
demon king Ravana to rescue Sita.
• 3. The Iliad and The Odyssey: These are ancient
Greek epics that were composed by the poet
Homer in the 8th century BCE. The Iliad tells the
story of the Trojan War, while The Odyssey
recounts the adventures of the hero Odysseus as
he tries to return home after the war.
C. NOTABLE WORKS
• 1. BIAG NI LAM- ANG AN EPIC CENTERED ON
THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF ILOCOS FOLK
Biag ni Lam-ang (“The Life of Lam-ang”) is an
Ilocano epic poem believed to have originated
in pre-colonial times. It tells the story of Lam-
ang's life from avenging his father's murder, to
being eaten by the water monster Berkakan, to
being reborn and living happily ever after with
his love, Ines Kannoyan.
• 2. HINILAWOD- AN EPIC FROM PANAY WHICH RECOUNTS THE
EXPLOITS OF THREE SULODNON DEMIGOD BROTHERS Hinilawod is
an epic poem orally transmitted from early inhabitants of a place
called Sulod in central Panay, Philippines. The term "Hinilawod"
generally translates to "Tales From The Mouth of The Halawod
River". The epic must have been commonly known to the Visayans
of Panay before the conquest, since its main protagonists, like
Labaw Donggon, were noted in the accounts of the Islanders'
beliefs and recorded by early Spanish colonizers.One of these
Westerners' accounts says that the adventures of this ancient hero
of Panay were recalled during weddings and in songs.It was noted
that there were still native Mondos of Dingle, Iloilo who
worshipped Labaw Donggon even until the last years of the
Spanish rule in the Philippines. These worshippers would stealthily
enter a certain cave in Dingle in the evening of a certain day of the
year, in order to render homage and to offer chickens, doves, rice,
bananas, and pigs to the ancient Visayan god.
THANK YOU