TEKNOLOGI BATU BARA

Prof. Ir. Subriyer Nasir, MS, PhD

Berdasarkan peringkat
 Lignite
 Subbituminus Low rank coal
 Bituminus
 Anthracite
High rank coal
Tabel 1. Maseral pada brown coal dan hard coal
Sumber : Spliethoff, H (2010)

Brown coal Hard coal

Grup maseral Maseral Grup Maseral

maseral
Huminite Textinite, ulminite attrinite, Vitrinite Telinite, collinite,
densitinite,gelinite, vitrodetrinite
corpohuminite

Liptinite Sporinite,cutinite,fresinite,sub Exinite Sporinite, cutinite,

erinite,alginate, iptodetrinite, fresinite,
chlorophyllinite suberinite,alginate,
liptodetrinite
Inertinite Fusinite,semifusinite, Inertinite Micrinite, macrinite,
macrinite,selerotinite, semifusinite, fusinite,
inertodetrinite inertodetrinite
Tabel 2. Komposisi maseral dan persentase kadar zat volatil
Sumber : Tsai (1982)

Grup maseral Kandungan atom C Rasio H/C Kadar volatile

Exinite 43 sampai 62 % 1,18 -0,59 79-18%
Vitrinite 51 sampai 62% 0,80-0,60 40-18%
Inertinite 59 sampai 67% 0.64-0,47 31-11%
Umur Batubara
Umur (tahun) Rank batubara
250 x 106 Bituminus, antrasit
180 x 106 Bituminus
150 x 106 Bituminus
100 x 106 Subbituminus
60 x 106 Lignit dan subbituminus
40 x 106 Lignit
20 x 106 Lignit
1 x 106 Peat
Sifat-sifat
Rank
Batubara
Volatile Carbon
berdasar
Calorivic
Rank
Moisture (Wt
Content (wt Content (wt% Value (btu/lb, %)
% of maf maf coal) mmmf)
coal)
Lignite 69-44 76-62 8300-6300 52-30

Subbituminous 52-40 80-71 11500-8300 30-12

HvBb 50-29 86-76 13000-10500 15-2
HcCb 5-1
HvAb 49-31 88-78 >14000
LvB 22-14 91-86 5-1

MvB 31-22

Anthracite 14-2 99-91

Klasifikasi Batubara
 1. Klasifikasi ASTM
 2. Klasifikasi National Coal Board
 3. Klasifikasi International
 4. Klasifikasi Australia
Klasifikasi ASTM
Dasar : Rank batubara selama proses coalifikasi.
FC (dmmf), VM (dmmf), HV (mmmf)

Batubara dengan VM<31%, klasifikasi berdasarkan fixed

carbon (FC) nya.

Batubara dengan VM >31%, klasifikasi berdasarkan nilai

kalor (HV)
 ASTM Classification

Class Group Limits of FC or Btu (mmf) Requisite

Physical
Properties
I. Anthracite 1. Meta-anthracite Dry FC, 98% or more (Dry VM,2% or
less)
2. Anthracite Dry FC, 92% or more and less than 98%
(Dry VM,8% or less and more than 2%)

3. Semianthracite Dry FC, 86% or more and less than 92% Nonagglomerating
(Dry VM,14% or less and more than 8%)

II.Bituminous 1. Low volatile bituminous coal
2. Medium volatile bituminous coal
Dry FC, 78% or more and less than 86%
(Dry VM,22% or less and more than
14%)
Dry FC, 69% or more and less than 78%
(Dry VM,31% or less and more than
22%)

3. High volatile A bituminous coal Dry FC, 69% (Dry VM more than 31%
or less,and moist Btu 14000 or more

4. High volatile B bituminous coal Moist Btu, 13,000 or more and less than
14,000

5. High volatile C bituminous coal Moist Btu, 11,000 or more and less than Either
13,000 agglomerating or
non weathering
Class Group Limits of FC or Btu (mmf) Requisite
Physical
Properties
III. Subbituminous 1. Subbituminous A Coal Moist Btu,11,000 or more and less than
13,000
2. Subbituminous B Coal Moist Btu, 9,500 or more and less than
11,000

3. Subbituminous C Coal Moist Btu, 8,300 or more and less than

9,500

IV.Lignite 1. Lignite Moist Btu, less than 8,300 Consolidated

2. Brown Coal Moist Btu, less than 8,200 Consolidated

Klasifikasi NCB
Volatile matter (%, Coal rank code Nama Batubara
dmmf)

<9,1 100 Antrasit

9,1 - 19,5 200 Low volatile steam
coal
19,5 - 32 300 Medium volatile
coal
> 32 400 - 900 High Volatile Coal