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Liquid Nitrogen CTU
Liquid Nitrogen CTU
Nitrogen=>
Nontoxic, Colorless, Tasteless, Odorless
Inert-Non Flammable
Slightly lighter than air
Will Not Support Life
Nitrogen Phase Diagram
How is Nitrogen Used in Oil and Gas Fields?
Used both in onshore and offshore situations.
Applications for nitrogen include :
Underbalanced Drilling
Well stimulation
Well start up/unloading
Injection and pressure testing
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), reservoir pressure
maintenance, nitrogen floods
Inert gas lift, etc
Material for LN2 Services
Cyrogenic Materials
Liquid Nitrogen Storage
Nitrogen storage is equipment used primarily at the
district or job site to hold liquid nitrogen inventory until
required for a job.
Because LN is extremely cold, LN storage must provide heat insulator
Storage Insulation:
•Perlite Insulation
•Super Insulation
Liquid Nitrogen Hazards & Storage Safety
Devices
LN Hazards
•LN is extremely cold: -320F
• Can cause severe frostbite or eye damage upon contact
• Substances may become brittle upon contact with liquid nitrogen and shatter
•On vaporization, LN expands by a factor of almost 700
• May cause an explosion of a sealed container.
• Displaces oxygen and may cause asphyxiation.
•Oxygen may condense on surface of LN
• Highly reactive with organic materials Safety Device
Relief valves
Rupture disc
Liquid Nitrogen Transport
Nitrogen transports are road-legal tanks to move liquid
nitrogen to location. The transport may be used to fill
location storage or as standby liquid supply for the
pumper
The type and condition of transports
can have the following effects on
profitability:
•Transports with poor vacuums will
have unacceptable losses.
•Bad filling practices at the district can
contribute to additional losses of liquid
nitrogen
Liquid Nitrogen Transfer
Pressure transfer
Depend on differential pressure between storage and receiving
tank
Whenever possible, the pressure transfer method to move fluid
from one tank to the other should be used
Even though it is slower than using the C-pump, there is less
metal being cooled down and therefore the losses are less
Transfer with C-Pump
Sometimes the job and the number of units being filled will be
large.
The pressure transfer technique may not be appropriate in this
case.
Pressure Transfer
Vent
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o Vent
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SourceTank
Receiver Tank
Liquid Nitrogen Losses
The following lists various actions involved in
transferring that impact nitrogen losses:
LN2 used to build pressure on the storage tank
LN2 used to cool down storage tank piping
LN2 used to cool down the C-pump
LN2 used to cool down the transfer hose
LN2 used to cool down the receiving tank piping.
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Equipment
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Product Availability
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Maintenance Status
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Personnel Qualification
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Nitrogen Unloading with CT
Design Based On:
• N2 injection depth
• CT size
• Liquid unloading rate
(CT RIH speed)
• Large/deviated wellbores
• Well Pressure and
Temperature
Job Preparation
Thank You