Carbon Filter Garbage

Incinerator
Chapter 1
Background Of The Study

• The world's population has increased due to modernization and an

increase in sources, leading to a major problem with waste
management. In the Philippines, the increasing amount of solid
waste is a national and local concern. To have a clean
environment and good health, collecting and disposing of waste
appropriately is essential. The researchers found ways to collect
litter in areas around the school, such as the basketball court,
volleyball court, sidewalks, and open areas. The researchers
implemented a carbon filter garbage incinerator to reduce the
volume of waste and protect the environment.
Background Of The Study

• This study will help to understand the importance of the

environment and encourage environmentally responsible practices
that conserve natural resources, minimize the quantity of waste,
and have the least adverse effects on the health of all living
organisms and the environment. Conservation strategies can be
used to reduce cost and decrease the environmental impact we
have on our communities and the world.
Statement Of The Problem

• The Philippines is the third-largest contributor to plastic waste worldwide,

contributing to an estimated 0.75 million metric tons of ocean plastic every
year. This research aims to investigate the feasibility of a carbon-filtered
garbage incinerator in the environment through an experiment in Calaanan
Canitoan, Cagayan de Oro City. There are many problems to solve, such as how
big the product would be, what would be use to burn the garbage inside the
chamber, and the types of garbage that would be burn. The researcher needs
to segregate wet garbage from dry garbage, know how much garbage can be
burned, how long the process/incineration will end, how much temperature in
is needed, and how effective the carbon-filtered garbage incinerator is. The
most important question is if the carbon emission is completely gone after
going through the filters, and how many filters stage are needed.
Objective Of The Study

• This is to reduce the volume of waste in the chosen area.

• The study will focus on incinerating and choosing all of the combustible materials and also
decomposed waste cause of unable to collect waste by the garbage collector that can be found
in our research setting which is particularly situated in Calaanan canitoan Cagayan de Oro City.

• To incinerate a solid waste material by putting it inside of the incinerator, turning on the
ignition for a first process of combustion to achieve spontaneous combustion process and turn
the ignition off, After the spontaneous combustion process finished using rapid combustion the
ignition system will be turn back on until of the waste will be incinerated, The ash will be
going down to the removable ash compartment and remove the compartment to get rid of ash.
Significance Of The Study

• This study will benefit the local community in upper Carmen by

encouraging individuals to handle wastes more cautiously and
carefully, providing household members with new,
environmentally friendly alternatives to burning trash, and helping
future generations experience clean air. It will also help students
and future researchers become aware of and knowledgeable in the
field, and help the atmospheric concentration of GHGs reach 685
parts per million CO2-equivalents by 2050.
Scope

• The device uses internal combustion

• The device has two stage process, the first stage is using spontaneous combustion, second was using rapid
combustion.
• The device use bricks as insulator inside the combustion chamber.
• The device have develop filters.
• The device uses the following materials:
• Metal sheet gauge 14 (1.897mm) for the cover.
• Angle bar as its pillar.
• PVC pipe as a filter chamber.
• The device filter uses the following material:
• Activated charcoal
• Water
• Air filter cloth.
Scope

• The flooring of this device uses 5mm expanded metal mesh screen for moving parts
and 5mm metal rod for supporting the metal mesh screen.
• The device that incinerates the waste to reduce its volume of waste.
• The device use burner and piezoelectric igniter for ignition.
• The device use intake fan for supplying oxygen and exhaust fan for smoke exit.
• The device use air pump to push the smoke into the filters.
• The device uses 14-gauge metal sheet for the chimney.
• the device can filter out the hazardous smoke emissions from incinerating trash
• the device is designed for the residential use and affordable construction
• the device uses gasoline to incinerate waste inside combustion chamber
Limitation

• The capacity of this device is only half of 25 kilos sack of waste.

• The device predicted burn 20 – 25 kilos amount sack of waste per
batch.
• The device can perform the following process, intake waste to
incinerate and acquiring ash from incinerated waste.
• The device can be use only if the garbage collector did not able to
collect the waste in Camp 5 Calaanan Canitoan for 1 week and
above.
Conceptual Framework
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

• Sec. 48, par. 3 of R.A. 9003 also prohibits the open burning of solid waste defined as
“all discarded household, commercial waste, non-hazardous institutional and
industrial waste, street sweepings, construction debris, agricultural waste, and other
non-hazardous/non-toxic solid waste.” A fine of not less than Php300.00 but not
more than Php1,000.00, or imprisonment of not less than one day but not more than
15 days, or both awaits any violators.
• Late last year, the DoH in its Health Executive Agenda for Legislation (HEAL)
proposed amendment of the CAA to re-allow the use of incinerators. This was
however cancelled following a round table meeting with environment
• Pursuant to Section 20 of Republic Act No. 8749 otherwise known as the "Philippine
Clean Air Act of 1999," incineration for treating municipal, bio-medical and
hazardous wastes, which process emits poisonous and toxic fumes is prohibited.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

• The Supreme Court clarified in 2002 that Republic Act 8749 or the Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999 "does not absolutely prohibit incineration as a mode of waste disposal;
rather, only those burning processes which emit poisonous and toxic fumes are
banned
• Korean firms are promoting in Tacloban city an eco-friendly incinerator in the
Philippines to manage solid waste and produce renewable energy in the process. And
it has standard Korean-made incinerator can process 1,000 kilograms of solid waste a
day. Baek Wang Kee told reporters after a meeting with local government officials
“Our technology completely incinerates all pollutants with a swirl flame and no
particle of pollutants reaches the environment, making it a green incinerator. We
want to eliminate garbage and produce high-efficient energy,” and he also said, the
incinerator they built meets Philippine government standards and is compatible with
the country's existing renewable energy sources.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

• Crimp,P.M,Emswiler, B.E, (2004)`Burning household waste is a widespread

practice in rural Alaska to reduce waste volume, decontaminate refuse,
and make waste less attractive to animals. The burning method will vary
upon burning combustible materials, and it determines composition if
materials wet or dry of which can be start to burned first. If operated
correctly, the higher temperature methods can safely burn most of the
items typically found in household garbage. The lower temperature opens
burning methods do not burn household wastes as completely and
therefore cause more air pollution. The various burning methods include
open burning on the ground, burn cages, burn barrels, burn boxes, air
curtain incineration, and multiple chambered incineration systems.
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

• PLANNING
DESIGNING

• The researcher developed a carbon filter garbage incinerator that

is affordable and effective at reducing the volume of waste and
removing bad odor.
WORKING FORMULAS

• Conduction heat transfer

Q=hA(T2-T1)
A: surface area where the heat transfer takes place (m2)
T2: temperature of the surrounding fluid (K)
T1: temperature of the solid surface (K)
 
The general definition of the heat transfer coefficient is:
h=q/ ΔT
q: heat flux (W/m2); i.e., thermal power per unit area,
ΔT: difference in temperature between the solid surface and surrounding fluid area K
WORKING FORMULAS

•The blower is needed after it goes to the cooling system to filter out the toxic chemicals of smoke
that came out from the combustion chamber. Two blowers for intake and exhaust fan. To have
the appropriate fans/blowers we assume the formula we need for fans' performance. For
calculating the capacity of the fan Q (discharge rate) = A (fan outlet area) V(velocity of the
fans), it is used for the capacity of fan volume flowrate of air. Bernoulli's equation is also
important to solve the pressure and velocity of the air and also identify the fan power output of
air base the total pressure. Also needs the static head since we had the pipes in which smoke
flows going straight to the filter. Hs=Yw(hw)/Ya.
FORMULA:
STATIC HEAD:
hs=Yw(hw)/Ya
DISCHARGE RATE:
Q=AV
HEAD VELOCITY:
hv=V²/2g
TOTAL HEAD:
hs+hv
System Design and Development

clean air exit

Combustion chamber cooling system activated carbon

centrifugal blower

catalytic converter

molecular filtration