DRUG

EDUCATION
AND VICE
CONTROL
 DRUGS
• A drug is a chemical substance used as a medicine or in making medicines,
which affects the body and mind and have potential for abuse. Without an
advice or prescription from a physician, drugs can be harmful.
• Drug is substance, vegetable, mineral or animal in origin, used in the
composition or preparation of medicine or any substance use as medicine.
• Drug can be defined as natural or synthetic substances that are used to produce
physiological or psychological effects in man or other higher or animals.
• Drug is any substance which when taken by the individual will cure his illness or
relieves him of the signs and symptoms of the disease.
DRUG ABUSE
• Deliberate use of medically useful drugs which have the
capacity to alter mood and behavior without the benefit
of a prescription.
• It refers to the use of a medically useful mood-altering
drug for a purpose different from the one for which the
drug has been indicated.
MEANS UNNECESSARY USE OF TOO MANY DRUGS, THE UNWARRANTED USE
OR NON- USE OF ANY DRUG, THE INAPPROPRIATE USE OF DRUGS AND
COERCIVE USE OF DRUGS
 TWO FORMS OF DRUGS
• Natural Drug - plant leaves, flowering tops, hashish,
opium and marijuana
• Synthetic drugs - are products by clandestine laboratories,
which includes those drugs that are controlled by law
because they are used in medical practice. These drugs can
only be legitimately purchased when prescribed by a
licensed physician.
 TWO CLASSES OF DRUGS AS ACCORDING
TO THE MANNER OF ACQUISITION

• Prescriptive drugs - is
drugs requiring written
authorization from a doctor
before they can be
purchased.
 TWO CLASSES OF DRUGS AS ACCORDING
TO THE MANNER OF ACQUISITION
• Over- the – Counter
drugs( OTC’s) - are non-
prescription medicines, which
may be purchased form only any
pharmacy or drugstore without
written authorization from a
doctor; are used in prevention
and symptomatic relief of minor
ailments.
RA. 9165
SEC. 18. Unnecessary Prescription of Dangerous Drugs –
Penalty of imprisonment of reclusion temporal and a fine of
100,000 to 500,000 and additional revocation of license to
practice shall be imposed upon the practitioner, who shall
prescribe any dangerous drug to any person whose physical or
physiological condition does not require the use or in the dosage
prescribed therein
 Self-Medication Syndrome – Found in
all users and would be users of drugs
whose
• sources of information are people or literature
other than doctors, pharmacists, and health
workers. These could be members of the family,
relatives, and/or neighbors; all whom may have
previously used the drug for their specific disease
or disorder.
• It may work against the good of the user
because it can lead to intoxication and other
adverse reaction.
WHAT IS THE
PLACEBO
EFFECT?
 THE PHYSIOLOGY OF DRUGS
The amount of drug in dose:
• Minimal Dose – the amount needed to treat or heal, that is, the smallest
amount of drug that will produce a therapeutic effect
• Maximal Dose – the largest amount of a drug that will produce a desired a
therapeutic effect, without any accompanying symptoms of toxicity
• Toxic Dose – the amount of drug that produces untoward effects or
symptoms of poisoning
• Abusive Dose – the amount needed to produce the side effects and action
desired by an individual who improperly uses it
• Lethal Dose – the amount of drug that will cause death
 HOW DRUGS ARE ADMINISTERED?

• Oral – this is the safest, most

convenient and economical route
whenever possible

SNORTING - Inhalation through the

nose of drugs not in gaseous form, it
is sometimes inhaling a powder or
liquid drug into the nose coats of the
mucous membrane.
 HOW DRUGS ARE ADMINISTERED?

OTHER TYPES OF ORAL ROUTE

BUCCAL- BETWEEEN THE GUMS

AND INNER LINING OF THE
CHEEKS

SUBLINGUAL- UNDER THE TOUNGE

 HOW DRUGS ARE ADMINISTERED?

• Injection – It offers a faster response

than the oral method. It make use of a
needle or other device to deliver the
drugs directly into the body tissue and
blood circulation
• Subcutaneous (SC) - Drug is administered by injecting the drug just
below the surface of the skin;
• Intramuscular (IM) - Administration involves the injection of a drug
into a large muscle mass that has a good blood supply, such as the
gluteus maximus, quadriceps, or triceps.
• Intravenous (IV) - The most efficient means of administration which
involves depositing drug directly into the bloodstream, this is also the
most rapid method of drug administration.
 HOW DRUGS ARE ADMINISTERED?

• Inhalation – this route makes use of

gaseous and volatile drugs, which are
inhaled and absorbed rapidly through the
mucous of the respiratory tract

• Topical – this refers to the

application of drugs directly to a
body site such as the skin and
the mucous membrane
 HOW DRUGS ARE ADMINISTERED?

• Iontophoreris/
Electrophoresis – the
introduction of drugs into the
deeper layers of the skin by
the use of a special type of
electric current for local effect
Drug Dependency
State of mind in which a person has lost the power of self control in
respect to drugs
• Physical dependence - can only be discernible when drug intake is
decreased or stopped and an involuntary illness called the withdrawal
syndrome occurs.
• Psychological dependence - exhibited when a user relies on a drug to
achieve a feeling of well- being. A person believes that the drug is
needed to function at work or home because drugs often produce an
elated/ excited emotional state.
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Diego is a drug addict. Realizing that drug use will
bring him elsewhere he ceased from using it. Diego’s
act is called:
A.Abstinence
B.Rehabilitation
C.Self medication
D.Dependence
CLASSIFICATIONS OF DRUG ABUSERS
Situational Users - Those who use drugs to keep them awake or
for additional energy to perform an important work.
Spree Users - School age users who take drugs for “kicks’, an
adventurous daring experience, or as a means of fun.
Hard Core Addicts - Those, whose activities revolve almost
entirely around the drug experience and securing supplies.
Hippies - Those who are addicted to drugs believing that drug is
an integral part of life.
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Occurs when the body becomes accustomed to a drug as the
drug is repeatedly taken in the same dose.
A. Dosage
B. Tolerance
C. Habituation
D. Gravity

Habituation - Characterized by continuous desire for a drug

 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
These are drugs that can calm and quiet the nerves and
relieves anxiety without causing depression and clouding
of the mind. (According to pharmacologist)
A. Tranquilizer
B. Analgesics
C. Expectorants
D. Decongestants
 THE MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS
ANALGESICS – ARE DRUGS ADMINISTER TO RELIEVE PAIN

ANTIBIOTICS- ARE THE ONE THAT COMBATS OR

DESTROYS INFECTIOUS ORGANISM

ANTIPYRETICS- THOSE THAT LOWER BODY

TEMPERATURE FEVER DUE TO INFECTIONS
 THE MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS
ANTIHISTAMINES- THOSE
THAT CONTROL OR
COMBAT ALLERGIC
REACTIONS

CONTRACEPTIVES-
DRUGS THAT PREVENT
THE MEETING OF THE
EGGCELLS AND
SPERMCELLS OR
PREVENT OVARY FROM
RELEASING EGGCELLS
 THE MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS
DECONGESTANTS- THOSE
THAT RELIEVE CONGESTION
OF THE NASAL PASSAGES

EXPECTORANTS- THOSE THAT

CAN EASE THE EXPULSION OF
MUCUS AND PHLEGM FROM
THE LUNGS AND THE THROAT
EMETICS – THE ARE
SUBSTANCES THAT INDUCE
VOMITING
 THE MEDICAL USES OF DRUGS
LAXATIVES –THOSE THAT STIMULATE
DEFECATION AND ENCOURAGE BOWEL
MOVEMENT
SEDATIVES AND TRANQUILIZERS- ARE
THOSE THAT CAN CALM AND QUIET THE
NERVES AND RELIEVE ANXIETY WITHOUT
CAUSING DEPRESSION AND CLOUDING OF
THE MIND
VITAMINS- THOSE SUBSTANCES
NECESSARY FOR NORMAL GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT AND PROPER FUNCTIONING
OF THE BODY
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Diego is a drug addict. Realizing that drug use will
bring him elsewhere he ceased from using it. Diego’s
act is called:
A.Abstinence
B.Rehabilitation
C.Self medication
D.Dependence
What is Toxicology?
• It is commonly known as the “science of poison”, their effects and
antidotes. In connection, drugs may cause dangerous effects
because of any of the following:
• Overdose – when too much of a drug is taken into the
physiology system of the human body, there may be an over
extension of its effects
• Allergy – some drugs causes the release of histamine giving rise to
allergic symptoms such as dermatitis, swelling, fall in blood pressure,
suffocation and death
• Idiosyncrasy – It refers to the individual reaction to a drug, food, etc.
for unexplained reason. Morphine for example, sedates all men,
stimulates and rendered some women maniacal behaviors
• Poisonous Property – drugs are chemicals and some of them have the
property of being general protoplasmic poisons
• Side Effects – Some drugs are not receptors for one organ but receptors
of other organs as well. The effect in other organs may constitute a side
effect, which are most of the time unwanted
DANGEROUS DRUGS
These are broad categories or classes of controlled substances
that are generally grouping according to the following;
1. Pharmacological classification;
2. Effect; and
3. Legal criteria
Classification of drugs according to
effects;
• STIMULANTS
• DEPRESSANT
• HALLUCINOGENS
Classification of drugs according to effects;
STIMULANTS-
• Are drugs which increase alertness of physical
disposition (also called uppers)
• Reduce appetite
DEPRESSANT
Reducing functional or nervous activity
Examples : downers, intoxicant, relaxant, tranquilizer
Classification of drugs according to effects;
HALLUCINOGENS
• Are drugs which affects sensation,thinking , self-
awareness ,emotion.
• Changes in time and space perception,delusion
(hallucination maybe wild or over
whelming,depending dose and quality of drugs.
• Examples :marijuana ,LSD
Pharmacological classification;
• Stimulants
• Tranquilizer
• Depressants
• Hallucinogens
• Inhalants
• Narcotics
STIMULANTS
Shabu (Methamphetamine
hydrochloride)
It is a central nervous system stimulant
and sometimes called “upper” or
“speed”.
It is white, colorless crystal or
crystalline powder with a bitter
numbing taste.
It can be taken orally, inhaled (snorted),
sniffed (chasing the dragon) or injected.
Street name: poor mans
cocaine,S, Shabs, ubas,
siopao ,sha ,ice
STIMULANTS
Ecstasy
(Methylenedioxymet
hamphetamine)
Its tablet form comes in
various designs and
shapes hence it is dubbed
as “designer drugs”.
How it is taken: shallow or inhalation
Effects: Exaggerated emotions makes PR and BP hike up, Dry
mouth ,stiffens arms,legs,jaws,dilated ouoiks if the eyes , cause
faintness, chills sweating and nausea.

DANGERS: it can really kill

STIMULANTS
Nicotine
• Alkaloid found in tobacco
plant
STIMULANTS
Caffeine
• defined as a drug because it
stimulates the central nervous
system, causing increased
alertness
• It is the world's most widely
consumed psychoactive drug
STIMULANTS (Symptoms of abuse)
• Pupils may be dilated
• Mouth and nose dry, bad breath; licks lips frequently
• Goes long periods without eating or sleeping
• If injecting drug, user may have hidden eye droppers and
needles among possessions
• Produces elevations of mood, heightened alertness and
increased energy
• Some individuals may become anxious, irritable or loquacious
• Causes decreased appetite and insomnia
What are PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCE
• Any substance , natural or synthetic or any natural
material that have a high potential for dependence abuse.
Drugs that are having effect on how the mind words
• These are drugs which have effects on the person taking it.

Ex: Marijuana, Cocaine, Amphetamines, morphine, some

barbiturates
DESIGNER DRUGS
• SUBSTANCE CHEMICALLY RELATED TO BUT
NOT SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FROM
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
• DESIGNED BY CLANDESTINE CHEMISTS WITH
THE
DEPRESSANTS
Narcotics
• The term narcotic basically
refers to drugs that produce a
depressant effect on the CNS.
• These are drugs which
relieves pain and produced
profound sleep.
DEPRESSANTS
OPIUM POPPY
PLANT(PAPAVER
SOMNIFERUM
STIMULANTS
COCA BUSH PLANT
ERYTHROXYLON COCA
COMMON IN SOUTH
AMERICA
A fully grown cultivated
coca plant has the height of
6 to 8 feet
STIMULANTS
Cocaine (Benzoyl-
methylecogine)
• It is one of the strongest short
acting stimulants
• Taken orally, injected or sniffed as
to achieve euphoria or an intense
feeling of “highness”.
Street Name: COKE, CRACK, DUST,
HEAVEN’s DUST, STARDUST,
WHITE GIRL, SPEED BALLS
COCAINE IS A CRYSTALLINE TROPANE
ALKALOID THAT IS OBTAINED FROM
THE LEAVES OF THE COCA PLANT.
THE FIRST GERMAN CHEMIST
FRIEDRICH GAEDCKE FIRST ISOLATED
COCAINE IN 1855.
IN 1859, ALVERT NIEMANN IMPROVED
PURIFICATION PROCCESS HE NAMED
THE ALKALOID COCAINE
IN 1886, COCA-COLA WAS INTRODUCE
INTO THE MARKET AND IS ORIGINAL
FORMULA INCLUDES COCAINE . IT WAS
NOT UNTIL 1903 THAT COCAINE WAS
ELIMITAED AS A DIRECT INGREDIENT
IN AMERICA.
DEPRESSANTS
Morphine
• It is most commonly and best
used derivative of opium,
which is six times more
effective pain killer than
opium.
 • He named it Morphius which
DEPRESSANTS was based on the Greek god of
dreams Morpheus.
Morphine
• The addiction of Morphine is
• Is the active psychotropic
called Soldiers disease.
substance Opium which
composed 10-16% of opium
• It was isolated by friedrich
willhelm Suturner an attempt
to find a cure to opium.
DEPRESSANTS
Heroin
• Most commonly abused
narcotic in the world.
• Most powerful derivatives of
Opium, bitterer and
commonly injected.(2017)
• Noted to be three to six times
more powerful than morphine

DEPRESSANTS
Heroin
• It turned out to be 6 times
more potent than morphine
• It is called the “miracle drug”
• It is discovered by Alder
Wright in an attempt to find a
cure for the soldiers disease
• Heroin is the hydrochloride of
an alkaloid obtained by action
of acetic anhydride or
morphine.
• It is discovered by Alder
Wright in an attempt to find a
cure for the soldiers disease.

ETORPHINE(M99)
• Is a semi-synthetic opioid
posses an analgesic potency
approximately 1000-3000 times
than Morphine
• Which does not generally
occurs in poppy extract but
rather the related plants
papaver orientale and
PAPAVER BRACTEATUM.
• MAINLY USED AS LARGE
ANIMAL IMMOBALIZERS
DEPRESSANTS
Methadone
• A synthetic narcotic used as
treatment of heroin dependence
but also fallen to abused.

Demerol
• Synthetic drug with morphine
like effect which is widely used
as painkillers in childbirth
DEPRESSANTS
Codeine
• Usually present in cough
syrup
• Usually present in cough syrup
• Also called as SCHOOL BOY
• A component of opium and derivative of
morphine , analgesic found in some cough
syrups
• Taken orally or by injection
• While codeine may be extracted opium, most
codeine is synthesized from morphine through
the process called O- methylation
DEPRESSANTS
Barbiturates
• Drugs used for inducing sleep
in persons plagued with
anxiety, mental stress, and
insomnia.
• symptoms of alcohol
intoxication without odor or
alcohol on breath
STREET NAME: LILY ,LID
POPPERS,DOWNERS,YELLO
W JACKETS, BLUE HEAVENS
WHERE THEY ARE: MADE
FROM BARBITURIC ACID
(BARB) PRESCRIBED TO
INDUCE SLEP OR PROVIDE
CALMING EFFECT
HOW IS BEING TAKEN:
ORALLY (TABLET/CAPSULE);
SOMETIMES
INTRAVENOUSLY
DEPRESSANTS
Volatile Solvents
• These includes any liquid,
solid or mixed substance
having the property of
releasing toxic vapor or
fumes.
• Gaseous substances popularly
known to abusers as “gas”,
“teardrops”.
• DANGERS : CAUSES
PERMANENT DAMAGE TO
BRAIN OR RESULT IN
“SUDDEN SNIFFING
DEATH’’ USERS BECOME
ACCIDENT PRONE; DEATH
DUE TO ROAD
ACCIDENTS,DROWNING
FALLING FROM TALL
BUILDING. ETC AFTER
SNIFFING
GLUE ;VIOLENCE;PSYCHO
LOGICAL DEPENDENCE.
DEPRESSANTS
Alcohol
• The king of all drugs with
potential for abuse.
• Most widely used, socially
accepted and most extensively
legalized drug throughout the
world.
 DANGERS : Addiction,
cirrhosis,Brain Damage, obesity, may
lead to cancer of the esophagus,
Alcohol intestines, pamcreas, thyroid, and
breast
Street Name :
Beer ,whisky ,Gin ,Brandy wine,
Effects :Sedation; impairs mental
and physical functions ; increase the
risk of heart attack and stroke
How much blood-alcohol content is needed to
be considered prima facie evidence that a
person is under the influence of intoxicating
liquor? (June 2017 CLE)
A. 0.05%
B. 0.15%
C. 0.5%
D. 0.25%
DEPRESSANTS (Symptoms of abuse)
• inhaling heroin in powder form leaves traces of white powder
around nostrils causing redness
• pupils are constricted and fail to respond to light
• user often leaves syringes, bent spoons, bottle caps, eye droppers,
cotton and needles in lockers at school or hidden at home
• staggering or stumbling
• lack of interest in school and family activities
• poor muscular control
• excessive nasal secretions, watering of eyes
HALLUCINOGEN
Lysergic Acid
Diethylamide (LSD)
• Derived from the fungus
claviceps purpurea which
infects wheat.

HALLUCINOGEN
Lysergic Acid
Diethylamide (LSD)
• This drug is the most
powerful of the psychedelics
obtained from ergot, a fungus
that attacks rye kernerls
• Discovered by albert hoffman
STREET NAME: lucy in the sky with
diamonds, wedding bells ,white sugar,
lightning cubes, brain eaters
Phychological :vivid hallucination,
confusion ,blurring between conscious
and unconscious though, etc
Physical : dilated pupils,flushed
face,increase BP , etc
Dangers: may cause abnolmal amount of
breakage of chromosomes that carry
genes, whick result in miscarrieages in
birth defects
HALLUCINOGEN
Mescaline
• Drug derived from the dried
tops of the peyote cactus, a
small cactus native to Mexico.
STP- Serenity It is a chemical
Tranquility Peace derivative of
mescaline claim to
produce more
violent and long
effects than
mescaline dose
HALLUCINOGEN
Marijuana
(Cannabis Sativa
L.)
• Country’s most commonly
abused hallucinogen
• Marijuana (Cannabis Sativa)- considered to be the world’s oldest
cultivated plant started by the Incas of Peru.
• Considered by the early Assyrians as a “Sacred Tree” grown for use
as incense during rituals-some 9,000 year ago before the birth of
Christ.
• The first reference of introduction was in Northern Iran as an
intoxicant. And from there it spread throughout India by the Hindus
used for religious rituals in the belief that it is the source of
happiness and “laughter provoker”.
• The word ‘Hashis (resin)” of the marijuana plant was derived from
the name Hasan or Hashasin, the Muslim cult leader who fed his
disciples a preparation made from resin of the female hemp plant as
a reward for their successful activities in assassination.
• The Chinese apparently had a great deal of respect for the plant, and
obtained fiber for clothes as well as medicine from it for thousands
of years. They gave it a name that means” valuable” or “endearing”
– “Ma” (Maw). In the 1930s marijuana was still called “Ma”.
Male Marijuana Plant Female Marijuana Plant
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA USE
• faster heartbeat and pulse rate
• bloodshot eyes
• dry mouth and throat
• altered sense of time and disorientation
• forgetfulness
• inability for coordination and slower reflexes

LONG TERM EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA USE

• chest pain
• irregular menstrual cycle
• temporary loss of fertility for both sexes
• may appear animated with rapid, loud talking and bursts
of laughter
• sleepy or stupors
• Food trip
• Tamang hinala
• Bloodshot eyes
• Odor(similar to burnt rope)on clothing or breath
• remnants of marijuana, either loose or in partially
smoked “joints” in clothing or possessions.
HALLUCINOGEN
Psilocybin
• Hallucinogenic compound
obtained in mushroom,
psilocybe Mexicana
• Used by Mexican Indians
today
Street Name: MAGIC
MUSHROOM
 CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG ADDICTION
1.UNCONTROLLABLE CRAVING-THE ADDICT FEELS A COMPULSIVE CRAVING TO REPEATEDLY
AND TRIES TO PROCURE THE BY ANY MEANS.

2.TOLERANCE- IT IS TENDENCY TO INCREASE THE DOSE OF THE DRUG TO PRODUCE SAME

EFFECT AS TO THAT OF THE ORIGINAL EFFECT

3. ADDICTION – THE ADDICT IS POWERLESS TO QUIT DRUG USE

4.PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE- THE ADDICT PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IS THE BODY BECOME

SICK,INACTIVE AND INCAPABLE OF CARRYING OUT USEFULLNESS IN THE ABSENCE OF THE
DRUG. THE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES WILL OCCUR DRUG USE IS STOPPED.

5.PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE- EMOTIONAL AND MENTAL DISCOMFORT EXIST TO THE

INDIVIDUAL. THE DRUG ADDICT FEEL HE CANNOT DO WITHOUT THE DRUG,CONSEQUENTLY IF
HE DOES NOT LIKEIF HE DOES NOT TAKE THE DRUG HIS MENTRAL PROCCESSARE
AFFECTED.HE CANNOT CARRY OUT HIS WORK EFFICIENLY
REASONS WHY PEOPLE TURN TO DRUG ABUSE
Poverty - This is the most prevalent factor that prompt pushers and abusers alike to
indulge in dangerous drugs.
Ignorance - Lack of knowledge and information about how dangerous drugs look like,
their bad effects, legal ramifications or consequences and other aspects of prohibited
drugs
Parental Influences - Lack of parental values; parents who are permissive and liberal;
parental neglect; domestic violence; role modeling.
Peer Influences - Drug using friends encourage, pressure even, a youth to experiment
with drugs.
Personality Factors - Curiosity or the desire to experience a new state of consciousness,
weak personality or low sense of self esteem.
 WHAT IS “COLD TURKEY SYNDROME’?
COLD TURKEY DESCRIES THE ABRUPT CESSATION A
SUBSTANCE DEPENDENCE AND THE RESULTING UNPLEASANT
EXPERIENCE, AS OPPOSED TO GRADUALLY EASING THE
PROCESS THROUGH REDUCTION OVER TIME OR BY USING
REPLACEMENT MEDICATION .
HOW CAN WE TELL WHEN ONE ABUSING DRUGS
• Is often associated with known drug abusers
• Irritable, discourteous, defiant and aggressive
• Unhealthy and unconcerned with good grooming
• Lack of interest in his studies/work
• Prefer his “Barkada” where he feels accepted
• Unusually wear sunglasses at inappropriate time
• Unusual borrowing of money and at times selling various personal
items.
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Drug syndicate is a group of person forming or joining
together with the intention of committing any offense
prescribed under 9165. Drug syndicate is composed of at
least how many person.
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
GROUP CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG ABUSE
• SITUATIONAL USERS- use drugs to keep them awake or for
additional energy to perform an important work .
• Spree Users- school age users who take drugs for “an adventurous
daring experience , or as a means of fun.
• Hard core Addicts- those whose activities resolves almost entirely
around the drug experience and securing supplies .
• Hippies- those who are addicted to drugs believing that drug is an
integral part of life.
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Drug syndicate is a group of person forming or joining
together with the intention of committing any offense
prescribed under 9165. Drug syndicate is composed of at
least how many person.
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Known as the Guzmán-Loera Organization and the Pacific
Cartel. This is a  drug trafficking, money laundering and
organized crime syndicate based in the city of Culiacán which
been called the Federation and the Blood Alliance.
A.Sinaloa Cartel
B.Cali Cartel
C.Medellin Cartel
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
First important drug traffic route where discovery,
plantation, cultivation and harvest are made.
A.Middle East
B.Turkey
C.Europe
D.USA
 FIRST IMPORTANT DRUG TRAFFIC ROUTE
Middle east- discovery, plantation, cultivation, harvest

Turkey-preparation for distribution

Europe-manufacture, Syntesis, Refine

U.S -Marketing
THE WORLD’S DRUG
SCENE
Middle East
Lebanon is considered to be
the biggest producer of
Cannabis in the Middle East.
THE WORLD’S DRUG
SCENE
Spain
This is known as the major
transshipment point from
international drug traffickers in
Europe and became “the
paradise of drug users in
Europe.”
THE WORLD’S DRUG
SCENE
Mexico
It is known in the world to be
the number one producer of
marijuana.
THE WORLD’S DRUG
SCENE
Philippines
The second in Mexico as to the
production of Marijuana.
It is noted that Philippines today
is known as the drug paradise of
drug abusers in Asia.
THE WORLD’S DRUG
SCENE
Philippines
Green triangle
Kalinga
Mountain province
benguete
THE WORLD’S DRUG
SCENE
India
The center of the world’s drug
map, leading to rapid addiction
among its people.
THE WORLD’S DRUG Hongkong
The world’s transshipment point
SCENE of all forms of heroin.
China Japan
The transit route for heroin from The major consumer of cocaine
the “Golden Triangle” to and shabu from the United
States and Europe.
Hongkong.
It is also the country where the
“epedra” plant is cultivated- source
of the drug ephedrine- the principal
chemical for producing the drug
shabu.
DRUGS THAT ORIGINATES FROM GOLDEN TRIANGLE

BURMA/MYANMAR

THAILAND LAOS
In Southeast Asia – the “Golden Triangle” approximately produced 60% of
opium in the world and 90 % of opium in eastern part of Asia also the
officially acknowledged source of southeast Asia Heroin

GOLDEN CRESENT(PRODUCE HEROIN)

IRAN,AFGANISTAN,PAKISTAN AND INDIAN

SILVER TRIANGLE (PBC) COCAINE

PERU,BOLIVIA AND COLUMBIA
The Organized Crime Groups Behind The Global Drug Scene

The Columbian Medellin Cartel (produced Cocaine)

Founded during 1980’s by Columbian drug lords in the name of Escobar Gaviria
and Drug Bosses Jose Rodriguez Gacha and aid Cocaine barons Juab David and
the Ochoa Brothers

The Medellin Cartel is reputedly responsible for organizing world trafficking

network. The Columbian government succeeded in the medellin Cartel. Which
resulted in the death, surrender and arrest of the people behind in the
organization. This further resulted to this disbandment of the Cartel Led to its
Downfall.
The Organized Crime Groups Behind The Global Drug Scene
The Cali Cartel
The downfall of the Columbian Medellin Cartel- the emerged cocaine monopoly .
Gilberto Rodriguez Orajuela- known as – “the chess player’’ heads the syndicated
organization under him, the Cali Cartel was considered the most powerful criminal
organization in the word

The Norte del Valle Cartel, or the North Valley Cartel rose to prominence during the
second half of the 1990’s after the Cali Cartel and the medellin Cartel Fragmented and
become known as one of the powerful organization involved in the illegal drug trade .
The leading barons are Diego Leona Montoya Sanchez, alias “Don Diego”, Wilber
Varela, alias “JABON”(Soap), and Hernando Gomez Bustamante, Alias
“RASGUNO”(SCRATCH)
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Marijuana has been one of the most abuse hallucinogens in
the Philippines and its control becomes difficult according to
some authorities due to the fact that:
A. Easy to smoke secretly
B. It is sellable in the market
C. It is easy to cultivate
D. It is demand
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION

Field test used for opium.

A.Marquis test
B.Symone’s test
C.Dille-Kopanyi test
D.Cobalt thiocyanate
E.Duquenois-Levine
 GENERAL DRUG TEST
Drugs Test Used Color Reaction
Opium Marquis Test Purple/Violet
Heroin Nitric Acid Yellow-Green
Morphine Nitric Acid Red Orange
Cocaine Cobalt Thiocyanate Blue
Barbiturates Dille-Kopanyi Test Violet
or Zwikker Test Blue Color
Amphetamines Marquis Test Red/Orange Brown
LSD Para Amino Benzoic Acid (PABA) Purple
Marijauna Duquenois-Levine Test or KN Test Red Bottom Layer
Shabu Symone’s Test Puple
 IMPORTANT DATES:

• 16th Century - Opium was brought to the Philippines by Chinese

• 19th Century - partial ban of Opium by the Americans
• 20th Century - Total ban of Opium by the Americans.
• 1955 - Marijuana was brought by the Americans in Pasay City for personal
use.
• January 8, 1959 - First raid held regarding Marijuana in Pasay City.
• March 30, 1972 - Marcos signed the Dangerous drug act (RA 6425)
• November 14, 1972- Dangerous Drug board was created.
ESSENTIAL FEATURES
OF RA 9165 AND ITS
AMENDMENTS
 WHAT IS DANGEROUS DRUG ACT?

R.A 6425

COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG ACT

RA 9165 (took effect on JULY 4, 2002,Approved on June
07,2002)

PD 1619(VOLITILE SUBSTANCES)
Under RA 9165, otherwise known as the Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 , the term prohibited and regulated
was charnged into dangerous drug with the following
classification:

1. Immediate precursors- a chemical substance used in

Clandestine Manufacturing process becomes incorporated in part
into the final molecules of substance under international control.

2. Essential chemicals – chemical substance used as reagent or

solvent in the illegal manufacture of controlled substances
Implementing Arm of the Policy and strategy
Government formulating body.
 • Headed by Director
General with the rank of
Undersecretary,
appointed by the
President.

• The head of the PDEA is

assisted by 2 deputies
Director General, with
the rank of Assistant
Secretary,
• 1 for Operations and;
Implementing Arm of the
• 1 for Administration, also
Government
appointed by the
President.
• Must be at least 21 years old
• Baccalaureate degree holder
• Career Service Professional
Eligibility from
Civil Service Commission
(CSC)
• Board License from
Professional Regulation Com
mission
(PRC)
• DDB composed of 17
members wherein 3 of
which are permanent
members, the other
12 members are ex-
officio capacity and 2
regular members.

Policy and strategy

formulating body.
TWELVE (12) EX- OFFICIO
MEMBERS
Secretary or representative of the
following Department:
DOJ
DOH
DND
DOF
DOLE
DILG
DSWD
DFA
DepEd, Policy and strategy
Chairman CHED, NYC formulating body.
Director General - PDEA
Q. A person found guilty of use of dangerous drugs for
the first time shall be punished with:
A.Imprisonment of 6 years and one day to 12 years
B.Rehabilitation of a minimum period of 6 months
C.Rehabilitation for 6 months to 18 months
D.Imprisonment of at least 6 months
Section 15. Use of Dangerous Drugs. – A person apprehended or
arrested, who is found to be positive for use of any dangerous
drug, after a confirmatory test, shall be imposed a penalty of a
minimum of six (6) months rehabilitation in a government center
for the first offense. If apprehended using any dangerous drug for
the second time, he/she shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment
ranging from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years.
NOTE: This section shall not be applicable where the person
tested is also found to have in his/her possession such quantity of
any dangerous drug provided for under Section 11 of RA 9165.
Dangerous Drugs Test and Record Requirements
Two (2) testing methods;
Screening Test – A rapid test performed to establish
potential/presumptive positive result.
Confirmatory Test – An analytical test using a device, tool or
equipment with a different chemical or physical principle that
is more specific which will validate and confirm the result of
the screening test
Dangerous Drugs Test and Record Requirements
The following shall be subjected to undergo drug testing;
• Applicants for driver's license
• Applicants for firearm's license and for permit to carry firearms outside of
residence.
• Students of secondary and tertiary schools
• Officers and employees of public and private offices
• Officers and members of the military, police and other law enforcement agencies.
• All persons charged before the prosecutor's office with a criminal offense having
an imposable penalty of imprisonment of not less than six (6) years and one (1)
day shall have to undergo a mandatory drug test
• All candidates for public office whether appointed or elected both in the national or
local government shall undergo a mandatory drug test
Dangerous Drugs Test and Record Requirements
Laboratory Examination or Test on Apprehended/Arrested Offenders;
any person apprehended or arrested for violating the provisions of this Act
shall be subjected to screening laboratory examination or test within twenty-
four (24) hours, if the apprehending or arresting officer has reasonable ground
to believe that the person apprehended or arrested, on account of physical
signs or symptoms or other visible or outward manifestation, is under the
influence of dangerous drugs. If found to be positive, the results of the
screening laboratory examination or test shall be challenged within fifteen (15)
days after receipt of the result through a confirmatory test
NOTE: if confirmed the same shall be prima facie evidence that such person
has used dangerous drugs, which is without prejudice for the prosecution for
other violations of the provisions of RA 9165.
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
Most frequently used tested sample for drug testing.
A.Blood
B.Saliva
C.Hair
D.Urine
Aggravated Sale of Dangerous Drugs
• If the sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution or
transportation of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential
chemical transpires within one hundred (100) meters from the school
• If the drug pushers who use minors or mentally incapacitated individuals as
runners, couriers and messenger
• If the victim of the offense is a minor or a mentally incapacitated individual, or
should a dangerous drug and/or a controlled precursor and essential chemical
involved in any offense herein provided be the proximate cause of death of a
victim.
• Financer
Q. Mary Jane who is charged for possession of 11
grams marijuana resin is having a penalty of?
A.Destierro
B.12 years and 1 day to 20 years imprisonment
C.20 years and 1 day to life imprisonment
D.Life imprisonment to death/500K to 10M fine
 TABLE OF PENALTIES FOR POSSESION OF
DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec. 11 RA 9165)

NOTE: As a general rule, possession of dangerous

drugs is absorbed in the crime of sale of dangerous
drugs
 DRUGS QUANTITY PENALTY
POSSESSED
Opium, morphine, 10 grams or more Life imprisonment to
heroine, cocaine, death/500K to 10M
marijuana resin, fine
ecstasy, lsd etc.
Opium, morphine, 5 grams to less than 20 years and 1 day to
heroine, cocaine, 10 grams life imprisonment/400K
marijuana resin, to 500K fine
ecstasy, lsd etc.

Opium, morphine, Less than 5 grams 12 years and 1 day to

heroine, cocaine, 20 years imprisonment
marijuana resin, 300K to 400K fine
ecstasy, lsd etc.
 POSSESSION OF SHABU
QUANTITY PENALTY
50 grams or more Life imprisonment to death/500K
to10M fine
10 grams or more but less than Life imprisonment to death/400K
50 grams to 500K fine
5 grams but less than 10 grams 20 years and 1 day to life
imprisonment/400K to 500K fine

Less than 5 grams 12 years and 1 day to 20

years/300K to 400K fine
 POSSESSION OF MARIJUNA
QUANTITY PENALTY
500 grams or more Life imprisonment to death/500K
to 10M fine
300 grams or more but less than 20 years and 1 day to life
500 grams imprisonment/400K to 500K fine

Less than 300 grams 12 years and 1 day to 20

years/300K to 400K fine
ELEMENTS OF ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF
DANGEROUS DRUGS
1. The accused is found in possession of an item or object
identified as dangerous
2. Such possession is not authorized by the law
Controlled Delivery. – The investigative technique of
allowing an unlawful or suspect consignment of any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential
chemical, equipment or paraphernalia, or property believed
to be derived directly or indirectly from any offense, to pass
into, through or out of the country under the supervision of
an authorized officer, with a view to gathering evidence to
identify any person involved in any dangerous drugs related
offense, or to facilitate prosecution of that offense.
CHAIN OF CUSTODY
Sec. 21 RA 9165
The apprehending team having initial custody and control of the
drugs shall, immediately after seizure and confiscation,
physically inventory and photograph the same in the presence of
the accused or the person/s from whom such items were
confiscated and/or seized, representative, counsel, media any
elected public official
Sec. 21 RA 9165
24 hours- upon confiscation or seizure, quantitative or
qualitative examination
24 hours- Certification of Examination results if the volume
can’t be completed within the time frame extended for another 24
hours.
72 hours- after filling of criminal case, court shall conduct ocular
inspection.
24 hours- order of destruction
UNDER RA 10640 Amending Sec. 21
….Provided, That the physical inventory and photograph shall be
conducted at the place where the search warrant is served; or at
the nearest police station or at the nearest office of the
apprehending officer/team, whichever is practicable, in case of
warrantless seizures: Provided, finally, That noncompliance of
these requirements under justifiable grounds, as long as the
integrity and the evidentiary value of the seized items are
properly preserved by the apprehending officer/team, shall not
render void and invalid such seizures and custody over said
items.
SEC. 29. Criminal Liability for Planting of
Evidence. — Any person who is found guilty of
“planting” any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical, regardless of
quantity and purity,
shall suffer the penalty of death.
Q. Any facility used for the illegal manufacture
of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical. (DEC 2018
CLE 2x)
A.Clandestine Laboratory
B.Synthesized Laboratory
C.Drug Laboratory
D.Hidden Laboratory
Aggravating Circumstances
• Any phase of the manufacturing process was conducted in the
presence or with the help of minor/s:
• Any phase or manufacturing process was established or
undertaken within one hundred (100) meters of a residential,
business, church or school premises;
• Any clandestine laboratory was secured or protected with booby
traps;
• Any clandestine laboratory was concealed with legitimate
business operations; or
Q. Ms. Lorna Sanchez is a school principal who
caught Manny using dangerous drug at the school
premises. Is the former may arrest of the said
drug user?
A.Yes
B.No
C.Maybe no
D.True
SEC. 44. Heads, Supervisors, and Teachers of Schools. — For the
purpose of enforcing the provisions of Article II of this Act, all school
heads, supervisors and teachers shall be deemed persons in authority
and, as such, are hereby empowered to apprehend, arrest or cause the
apprehension or arrest of any person who shall violate any of the said
provisions, pursuant to Section 5, Rule 113 of the Rules of Court.
They shall be deemed persons in authority if they are in the school or
within its immediate vicinity, or even beyond such immediate vicinity
if they are in attendance at any school or class function in their
official capacity as school heads, supervisors, and teachers.
Q. Alejandro who is 16 years of age and a first
time drug offender at the time of violating a
provision of RA 9165. What may happen to the
former’s case?
A.Sentenced to conviction
B.Suspended sentence
C.Convicted already
D.Acquit
SEC. 66. Suspension of Sentence of a First-Time Minor Offender. — An accused
who is over fifteen (15) years of age at the time of the commission of the offense
mentioned in Section 11 of this Act, but not more than eighteen (18) years of age
at the time when judgment should have been promulgated after having been
found guilty of said offense, may be given the benefits of a suspended sentence,
Provided that;
• He/she has not been previously convicted of violating any provision of this
Act, or of the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972, as amended; or of the Revised
Penal Code; or of any special penal laws;
• He/she has not been previously committed to a Center or to the care of a
DOH accredited physician; and
SEC. 66. Suspension of Sentence of a First-Time Minor Offender. —
While under suspended sentence, he/she shall be under the
supervision and rehabilitative surveillance of the Board, under such
conditions that the court may impose for a period ranging from six (6)
months to eighteen (18) months.
Upon recommendation of the Board, the court may commit the
accused under suspended sentence to a Center, or to the care of a
DOH-accredited physician for at least six (6) months, with after-care
and follow-up program for not more than eighteen (18) months.
SEC. 68. Privilege of Suspended Sentence to be Availed of
Only Once by a First-Time Minor Offender. — The privilege
of suspended sentence shall be availed of only once by an
accused drug dependent who is a first-time offender over
fifteen (15) years of age at the time of the commission of the
violation of Section 15 of this Act but not more than eighteen
(18) years of age at the time when judgment should have been
promulgated.
SEC. 69. Promulgation of Sentence for First-Time Minor
Offender. — If the accused first-time minor offender violates
any of the conditions of his/her suspended sentence, the
applicable rules and regulations of the Board exercising
supervision and rehabilitative surveillance over him, including
the rules and regulations of the Center should confinement be
required, the court shall pronounce judgment of conviction
and he/she shall serve sentence as any other convicted person
SEC. 70. Probation or Community Service for a First-
Time Minor Offender in Lieu of Imprisonment. —
Upon promulgation of the sentence, the court may, in its
discretion, place the accused under probation, even if
the sentence provided under this Act is higher than that
provided under existing law on probation.
Q. Antonio Luarez was charged for drug trafficking in relation to RA
9165 and sentenced by the court with a penalty of 6 months and 1
day to 3 years, he file probation at the same court. His application
for probation shall prevail?
A. NO

NOTE: Sec. 24 of RA 9165 Non applicability of probation law for

drug traffickers and pushers – Any person convicted for drug
trafficking or pushing under the act, regardless of the penalty
imposed by the court, cannot avail of the privilege granted by the
probation law or PD. 968 as amended.
Q. Is a minor offender entitled to a privilege mitigating
circumstances of minority under RA 9165?
A. NO, because the law itself prohibits the application
of RPC to RA 9165.

Exception;
If the penalty is life imprisonment to death, then the
penalty shall be reclusion perpetua to death.
Can a violator of RA 9165 still save himself from
conviction?
Any person who can gives information about any violation of
section 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, 16 and those committed drug
syndicate or give information leading whereabout, identities
and arrest of all of all or any members thereto and who
willingly to testify againts such person shal be excempted
from prosecution or punishment.
Provided;
• The information and testimony are necessary for the conviction of
the persons described above
• Such information and testimony are not yet in the possession
of the State
• Such information and testimony can
be corroborated on its material point
• The informant or witness has not been
previously convicted of a crime involving moral turpitude,
except when there is no other direct evidence available for
the State other than the information
and testimony of said informant or witness 
 JURISDICTION OVER
DANGEROUS DRUGS CASES
SEC. 90. Jurisdiction. — The Supreme Court shall designate special
courts from among the existing Regional Trial Courts in each judicial
region to exclusively try and hear cases involving violations of this
Act. The number of courts designated in each judicial region shall be
based on the population and the number of cases pending in their
respective jurisdiction.
The preliminary investigation of cases filed under this Act shall be
terminated within a period of thirty (30) days from the date of their
filing.
SEC. 90. Jurisdiction. —
When the preliminary investigation is conducted by a public
prosecutor and a probable cause is established, the corresponding
information shall be filed in court within twenty-four (24) hours from
the termination of the investigation
Trial of the case under this Section shall be finished by the court not
later than sixty (60) days from the date of the filing of the information.
Decision on said cases shall be rendered within a period of fifteen (15)
days from the date of submission of the case for resolution.
 SAMPLE BOARD QUESTION
One of the drug control approach where directed
toward enforcing the prohibition of illegal drugs,
A.Supply Reduction
B.Demand Reduction
Q. It is an inter-agency team tasked in the deterrence,
prevention and protection of Filipinos from being
victimized as drug couriers by international drug
trafficking syndicates.
Drug Mule – Are individuals who transport dangerous
drugs in exchange for a huge amount of money,
depending on the amount of drugs to be delivered and
the route/distance to be traveled.
A. The Task Force Drug Couriers (TFDC)
 THE DRUG ABUSE JARGONS
Jargons Meaning
• Opiate Narcotic

• On-the Nod/Nodding Suspended sleep

Mainline/To Shoot Injecting a drug to the vein

A Hit Slang for injection of drugs

Work Apparatus in injecting a drug

A Fix One injection of Opiate

Juni Heroin

Junkie An opiate addict

VICES
Any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence
of which leads to depravity, wickedness and
corruption of the minds and body.
ALCOHOLISM
• State or condition of a person produced
by drinking intoxicating liquors
excessively and with habitual frequency
• It is a condition wherein a person is under
the influence or intoxicated with alcohol.
Craving – strong need or compulsion to drink
Loss of Control – frequent inability to stop drinking
once a person has begun to drink.
Physical Dependence – The occurrence of
withdrawal symptoms, such as shakiness and anxiety
when alcohol use is stopped.
ALCOHOLISM
SOME PROBLEMS ARISING FROM
ALCOHOLISM
• Loss of employment which can lead to
financial problems;
• Marital Conflict and contribute to
domestic violence;
• Drinking at inappropriate times and
behavior can lead to legal
consequences, such as public disorder
(Alarm and Scandal).
ALCOHOLISM
DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME
• Before and during elections, it is
unlawful to sell or drink intoxicating
liquor, as provided in the election law.
• Under RA 10586, driving under the
influence of liquor is prohibited.
• Under Article 15 of the Revised Penal
Code, intoxication is considered as an
Alternative Circumstances.
Alternative circumstances (Art. 15)
Those which must be taken in consideration as aggravating
or mitigating according to the nature and effect of the crime
and other commission attending its commission.
Q: What are the four alternative circumstances?   
A: 1. Relationship 
2. Intoxication 
3. Degree of instruction 
4. Education of the offender 
Alternative circumstances (Art. 15)
Intoxication
Aggravating;
1. Habitual
2. Intentional (subsequent to the plan to commit a felony)
Mitigating;
• When not habitual or not subsequent to the plan to commit crime
Q: What determines whether
intoxication is mitigating or not?   
A: The basis is the effect of the
alcohol upon the offender, not the
quantity of the alcoholic drink he had
taken in.
ALCOHOLISM
VARIOUS DEGREE OF
INTOXICATION
• Slight Inebriation – there is reddening
of the face. There is no sign of mental
impairment, in coordination and
difficulty of speech.
• Moderate Inebriation – the person is
argumentative and overconfident. He is
reckless and shows motor in
coordination. The person maybe
certified by the doctor as being under
the influence of liquor.
ALCOHOLISM
VARIOUS DEGREE OF
INTOXICATION
• Drunk – the mind is confused, behavior
is irregular and the movement is
uncontrolled. The speech us thick and in
coordinated. The behavior is
uncontrollable.
• Very drunk – the mind is confused and
disoriented. There is difficulty in
speech and marked motor
incoordination and often walking is
impossible.
ALCOHOLISM
VARIOUS DEGREE OF
INTOXICATION
• Coma – the subject is stuperous or in
comatose condition. Sometimes it is
difficult to differentiate this condition
with other conditions having coma.
Q. Weight of alcohol in a person’s blood, it shall be
presumed that he is under the influence of
intoxicating liquor?
A. If there is 0.15 percent or more

If there is 0.05 percent or less by weight of alcohol

in a person’s blood, it shall be presumed that he is
not under the influence of intoxicating liquor
ALCOHOLISM
METHODS OF THERAPY ON
ALCOHOLISM
The Aversion Treatment
This treatment seeks to create an
aversion from alcohol by the
administration of a nauseating drug
to be followed by a drink of liquor,
and thus develops a dislike of
alcohol.
ALCOHOLISM
METHODS OF THERAPY ON
ALCOHOLISM
The Psychotherapy Method
This cure depends upon showing
that the real problem of the
alcoholic is not the alcohol itself but
the emotional problem that led the
alcoholics to drink.
ALCOHOLISM
METHODS OF THERAPY ON
ALCOHOLISM
The Program of Alcoholics
Anonymous
This method is based on conversion
and fellowship.
It emphasizes that alcoholics
understand alcoholism better than
anyone else.
PROSTITUTION
• Act or practice of providing
sexual service to another
person in return for payment.
PROSTITUTION
Causes of Prostitution;
• Poor social background and
personality handicaps are some of
the basis for drift into prostitution.
• Contact with persons in or on the
fringe of the business of
prostitution.
• The influence of contraceptives
and preventive treatment for
venereal diseases.
PROSTITUTION
Causes of Prostitution;
• Efforts to support another vices
such as drug addiction or
alcoholism.
• Social causes of prostitution such
as: broken families, anonymity of
city life, and poverty and other
PROSTITUTION
Art. 202 of RPC (Vagrant and
Prostitutes)
They are women who, for money or
profit, habitually indulge in sexual
intercourse or lascivious conduct.
Note: Sexual intercourse is not an
element of prostitute, the mere
indulging in lascivious conduct
habitually in exchange of money or
gain is amount to prostitution.
PROSTITUTION
TYPES OF PROSTITUTE ON THE
BASIS OF OPERATION
Call Girls - These are the part-time
prostitutes. They have their own
legitimate work or profession but
works as a prostitutes to supplement
their income. Sometimes they are
tellers, sales-ladies of department
stores, waitresses, beauticians, or
engage in similar jobs that they use to
make contacts with customers.
PROSTITUTION
TYPES OF PROSTITUTE ON THE
BASIS OF OPERATION
Hustler – Professional type of
prostitutes. She maybe a bar or tavern
“pick-up” or a “street walker”.
Door knocker - This is the occasional
or selective type of prostitute. She is
usually a newcomer in the business
Oftentimes, they are motivated by
extreme desire for money due to
poverty or supporting their other vices.
PROSTITUTION
TYPES OF PROSTITUTE ON THE
BASIS OF OPERATION
Factory Girls – She works in regular
houses of prostitution or brothels. She
works in regular hours or tour of duty
under the direct supervision of the madam
or operator of the prostitution house.
PROSTITUTION
Control and Prevention of
Prostitution
School of Regulatory Control – This
method maintains the idea that we cannot do
away with prostitution unless we consider
the problems and remove the causes of
prostitution.
School of Total Repression – This
method believes that prostitution is both
a crime and a vice and therefore, should
be repressed and totally prohibited .