English

Quarter 1 – Module 2
Lesson 1: Inferring the Meaning
of Compound Words Using
Context Clues
In this module, you will learn to:
• define a compound word;
• identify compound words in sentences;
• classify a compound word according to its type; and
• infer the meaning compound words based on given context
clues (synonyms, antonyms, word parts) and other strategies.
Compound words or compounds are words formed by putting two or more
words together to form a new word with a new meaning. To understand
the meaning of the compound, it is important to determine the meaning of
each word that makes up the new word.

Compound words may be closed, open, or hyphenated.

Remember:
➢ Compounds or Compound word is joining two or more
words together to make them one word with a new meaning.
This new meaning of the compound word may be the same as
the individual meaning of its component words or may be
different.
➢ Compound words may be closed (written as one), open
(written with space between words), or hyphenated (connected
by a hyphen).
➢ The meaning of compound words can be inferred through
context clues with the use of:
• Synonyms - two or more words that have the same meaning.
• Antonyms – two or more words that have opposite meaning.
➢ Inference clue is a kind of context clue. In an inference clue,
information is given in the sentence to help you figure out the
meaning of the unfamiliar word.
Let’s Try!
ACTIVITY 1
ACTIVITY 2
ACTIVITY 3
 English
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Lesson 2: Inferring the Meaning
of Words with Affixes Using
Context Clues
In this module, you will learn how to infer the meaning of
unfamiliar words (affixes) based on given context clues
(synonyms, antonyms, word parts) and other strategies.

Specifically, you will learn to:

1. define and describe affixes;
2. identify words formed by affixes; and
3. infer the meaning of words that contain affixes with the help of
context clues (synonyms, antonyms, word parts) and other
strategies.
 Your knowledge about words will get wider and deeper as you study more
about things. The words you have encountered in the previous activity include
words that have been formed by affixes.

An affix is added to the root of a word to change its meaning. An affix added to
the front of a word is known as a prefix, while the one added to the back is
known as a suffix. Sometimes, a word may have both a prefix and a suffix at
the same time. It is also common to see prefixes which are hyphenated.

Easy Examples of Affixes

Here are some examples of affixes:
• incapable
(The affix is the prefix in.)
• ex-President
(The affix is the prefix ex-.)
• laughing
(The affix is the suffix -ing.)
 Real-Life Examples of Affixes
The four most common prefixes are dis-, in-, re-, and un-. (These account for
over 95% of prefixed words.) Here they are in some short quotations.
• He has all of the virtues I dislike and none of the vices I admire. (Prime
Minister Winston Churchill)
• I inspire myself. (American actor Tommy Wiseau)
• May your choices reflect your hopes, not your fears. (South African
President
Nelson Mandela)
• What
The four mostconsumes
common your mind
suffixes arecontrols your
-ed, -ing, -ly,life.
and(Unknown
-es. (Thesephilosopher)
account for over
95% of suffixed words.) Here they are in some short quotations.
• Normality is a paved road: it’s comfortable to walk but no flowers grow. (Artist Vincent van
Gogh)
• Wanting to be someone else is a waste of who you are. (Singer Kurt Cobain)
• To live will be an awfully big adventure. (Peter Pan)
• Many foxes grow gray but few grow good. ("The First American" Benjamin Franklin)
If you still can’t figure out the meaning of the new words
through the word structure that contain affixes, there are context
clues that can always help you.
Context clues are the surrounding words used in the same
sentence or nearby sentences that give you an idea of what the
unfamiliar words actually mean. In the previous activities,
context clues helped you identify your answers. These clues
may give a synonym, an antonym, an illustration, or simply
some examples of an event.
Let’s Try!
 What I have Learned!

Affixes are word parts that are added to a base word to make a new word. They
carry their own special meanings and they can change the meanings of the
original words to which they are added.
• There are two types of affixes: prefixes and suffixes.
• Prefixes are affixes that are added at the beginning of the base or root word,
while suffixes are those that are added at the end of the base or root word.
• A prefix and a suffix may be added to one base word at the same time.
• To unlock the meaning of new and unfamiliar words, context clues may be
used.
• Context clues are hints implied in the sentence/s where they appear. They
help the reader understand unfamiliar words without the use of a dictionary.
• Context clues may be presented by means of word structures, synonyms,
antonyms, illustrations, or even examples.
Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 2
 English
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Lesson 3: Inferring the
Meaning
of Blended Words Using
Context Clues
With the help of the different activities in this module, you are
going to learn blended words and their meanings.
In this module you will learn to:
1. tell what word blending is;
2. infer the meaning of blended words based on given context
clues(synonyms, antonyms, word parts, and other strategies; and
3. appreciate the new learning on blended words.
Let’s Try!
Blended words are common in writing. They are words formed by
combining parts of two different words. The most common example
occurs when the beginning part of a word is combined with the end part
of another word. For example, the words sweep, and wipe can be
combined this way to form SWIPE. Smoke and fog also become SMOG.
However, other word combinations do not always require this pattern
since the word Interpol is formed not by combining the beginning and
ending parts but by both the beginning and initial syllables of their
original words which are international and police.
Blended words are formed by blending. What is blending?
Blending refers to the process of joining a part of one word
and a part of another to form a new word with a new
meaning.
Blended words are usually created in one of two ways:
1. By adding the first part of the first word to the second part
of the second word
Example:

smoke + fog = smog

chill + relax = chillax

2. By combining the beginning of the two words

Example:

motor + pedal = moped

cybernetic + organism = cyborg
Other examples of blended words are:
emoticon (emotion + icon)
infotech (information + technology)
frenemy (friend + enemy)
In inferring or “guessing” the meaning of unfamiliar blended word, you can
look for context clues in the sentence where the blended word is used. Context
clues are hints that a writer provides to help the readers get the meaning of a
difficult or unusual word in a sentence. The clue may appear within the same
sentence where the word is used, or it may be found in the next sentence.
Context
clues may be in the form of a synonym (repeat context clue), an antonym
(contrast
context clue), an explanation (definition context clue), or a specific example
(example context clue).
Let us try the examples below:
1. I need to chillax due to my hard days. A beach resort is the best place to
take a rest.
Rest is the context clue. It has the same meaning (synonym) with the
blended word chill and relax (chillax).
2. My brother is a workaholic who never takes time off, while my friend is a
lazy fellow who always plays gadgets.
A learner could infer that the word workaholic means a person who is
always working because the word lazy used to describe the friend shows
an opposite meaning (antonym). In addition, the word while signals a
shift in thought which is not the same as the first.
Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 3
 English
Quarter 1 - Module 2
Lesson 4: Inferring the
Meaning
of Clipped Words Using
Context Clues
Have you ever heard of clipped words? How are they formed?
How are they used in a sentence? To discover what these are
all about, go through this lesson attentively as you are
expected to:
• identify clipped words;
• write the original words where the clipped words originated;
• give the clipped word of a given word; and
• infer the meaning of clipped words based on given context
clues such as synonyms, antonyms, word parts, and others.
Directions: Identify the meaning of the underlined clipped word from the
choices given. Write only the letter which corresponds to your answer in
your notebook.
1. The memo encourages us to adhere to the protocols set by the local
IATF.
a. a written reminder c. a command
b. an advertisement d. a law
2. Analie is a teen studying in Manila.
a. a toddler c. an adolescent
b. an old lady d. an adult
3. Angelica Joy phoned her friend to invite her over for dinner.
a. called c. requested
b. confronted d. messaged
4. A whistle was heard from the fair and just ref.
a. a player c. an official who controls a sports event
b. an athlete d. refrigerator
5. The ad encourages us to eat healthy food every day.
a. a commercial c. a law
b. a command d. a slogan
 Look at the words mathematics, hamburger, and market. What happens if we
remove or omit some letters from these words in a certain way?

mathematics
hamburger
market
Can you still recognize the words? Have you ever heard of or encountered
the
words math, burger, and mart before? If you were to use the words, which
ones will you choose? What do we call these words that become shorter
without changing their meaning?
Most of us like to make things simple. In speech and in writing, we often shorten
words to make them easier to say, write, remember, and understand. Instead of
saying “I want to wear pantaloons today,” one would always say, “I want to wear
pants today.” Likewise, you often hear people say “math” instead of “mathematics.”
It seems that people prefer to use the shorter and simpler version of the word.
Words like math, burger, mart, and pants are what we call clipped words.
Clipped words are words that have been shortened or “clipped” so that they become
much shorter than the original words. Clipped words retain the meaning of the longer
word. The process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the
meaning of the word is called clipping.
To give you better idea about clipped words, you need to be familiar with its
different types.
 Let’s Try!

Directions: In your notebook, write the original word of the underlined

clipped word.
Example: Their company spends a lot of money on ads.
Answer: advertisement
1. Our barangay distributed five kilos of rice during the lockdown.
2. My lab results on COVID-19 came out negative.
3. The copter forces transported soldiers and frontline workers to the field
hospital.
4. Jeepneys need gas to run.
5. My sis waters our vegetables twice a day.
 What I have Learned!

A clipped word is a word formed by shortening a longer word

without changing it meaning.
• There are three common types of clipping: backclipping,
foreclipping, and middle clipping.
• Context clues like synonyms, antonyms, word parts, and
others can help in inferring the meaning of clipped words.
Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 3