PHYSICA

L Science
Grade 12
What does the picture show?
 What are What are the
the parts composition
of each part?
of the
Earth? Alloy of
nickel and
iron

Where and when

does these elements
discove re d?
During the
formation
of the
UNIVERSE
 I

ACTIVITY
PROPER
A MODEL OF AN
EXPANDING
UNIVERSE
OBJECTIVES:
After performing this activity, you
should be able to:
* to make a model of an expanding
universe;
* give supporting evidence for the
Big Bang theory.
MATERIALS:

1 balloon

2 marker pens
Tape measure
PROCEDURE:
1. Ask a teammate to blow the balloon with air until it is
stretched tight and hold it closed.
2. Using a tape measure, measure its diameter.
3.Draw a red dots on the surface of the balloon about two
centimeters apart.
4. Locate a central dot and encircle it with a black marker.
5. Choose 10 dots-some far and some near the center dot.
Label these dots A to I.
6. Measure the distance of dots A to I from the center dot.
Record these distances in column 2 of your data table.
7. Have your teammate blow again your balloon. This time,
measure the distance of dots A to I from the central dot.
Record the distances in column 3 of the data table.
8. Subtract the data in column 2 from the corresponding data in
column 3. Record the resulting data in column 4.
9. Divide the data in column 3 by the corresponding data in
column 2. Record your answers in column 5.
 QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS:

1. What does blowing the balloon represent?

_____________________________________
2. Compare the data in column 2 with the data
in column 4. Explain your answer.
_____________________________________
3. Compare the data in column 2 with the data
in column 4. Explain your answer.
_____________________________________
4. What conclusion can be drawn about the
universe based on the activity?
_____________________________________
START NOW
SHARING
RESULT
DISCUSSION
*The expanding balloon in the
activity is a model of an expanding
universe.
* The dots represent the galaxies.
* In this model of the universe, the
galaxies are moving away from one
another.
* Astronomers and thinkers in the
ancient world thought that all the
matter in the galaxies were once
packed together in a very dense
mass.
* They thought that this mass
exploded 15 billion years ago in a
big bang where a center cannot be
determined since it occurred
everywhere in space at the same
time.
* They where just dots in the balloon
that you blew up.
* The dots moved away little by little
from one another similar to the
galaxies in an expanding universe.
ASSIGNMENT

Research on the different

theory behind the origin of
the universe
 END
Thank YOU!
THEORIES BEHIND THE
ORIGIN OF THE
UNIVERSE
1930 Edwin Hubble
CREATIONIST THEORY

God created the

Universe.

Proof? Its in the

Bible.
OSCILLATING UNIVERSE THEORY

• George Gamow
• Expansion will
stop, return to its
original form then
another Big
Bang will occur.
• Big Bang to Big
Crunch
STEADY STATE THEORY
• The Universe has
always been the
same since the
beginning and it
remain that way
forever!
BIG BANG THEORY

• Fr. Edouard
Lemaitre
• Edwin
Hubble
• No matter but
PURE energy
called
SINGULARITY
have inflated and
expanded
Our expanding Universe!
• Our cosmos is still
expanding in a
doppler red shift or
cosmological red
shift
• In big bang, there
was no space for
the explosion to go
into − space itself is
explodig.
• If you are to formulate your own
theory about the origin of the
universe, how would you
explain it? What would you
call it?
Quiz
 How can you prove that the universe is
expanding?

Quiz
• ½ Crosswise sheet of paper. Answer the
questions below.
1. What are the different theories regarding
the Origin of the Universe? Describe each.
2. How can you prove that the universe is
expanding using the REDSHIFT?
END
 References:
• https://omicspublishinggroup.wordpress.com/2013/02/26
/earth-science-climate-change/
• http://exploringspace.org/astronomy/proxima-b-the-hunt-
for-proximas-wobbler/
• www.kidsastronomy.com/nebulae.htm
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=T20RT0GgOB4
 References:
• Bayo-ang, R.B., et. al. (2016) Earth & Life Science For
Senior High School. Educational Resources Corporation.
pp. 1-13;
• Cabria, H.B. et.al., (2016). Exploring Life Through
Science Series: Senior High School Earth Science.
Phoenix Publishing House. pp. 1-12;
• Salandanan, Gloria et al. 2016. Earth and Life Sciences
for Senior High School. Quezon City: Lorimar. pp. 4-15