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Protist (Group) 3
Protist (Group) 3
Protist (Group) 3
Protists were first classified as a group of organisms by Ernst Haeckel in the 1860s, using
the term derived from the Greek word protistos meaning ‘the very first’. It was initially
used to indicate that these organisms were probably primitive forms of plants and
animals. This term appeared in the backdrop of the invention of the microscope and the
discovery of a wide variety of microorganisms.
CHARACTERISTIC OF PROTISTS
- There are many plant-like protists, such as algae, that get their energy from sunlight
photosynthesis.
- Some are the fungus-like through and animal-like protists. The fungus-like protists
get their energy and nutrition like a fungus does, by releasing a digestive enzyme into
the environment to break down large organic molecules into pieces small enought to
absorb. While the animal-like protists must "eat" or ingest food.
THREE WAYS PROTISTS OBTAIN ENERGY:
types of Pathogens
BACTERIA
RICKETTSIAE
VIRUSES
FUNGI
PROTOZOA
PARASITIC WORMS
BACTERIA
-Viruses are the smallest common pathogen. They are so small in fact that many of them
actually infect bacteria. They are different from other pathogens because they cannot
reproduce on their own. Viruses take over the cells they infect and use that cell's own
processes to create more copies of the virus.
FUNGI
-Pathogenic fungi have an enormous impact on human health. Most people are aware of
some of the superficial infections caused by fungi. These include skin and nail infections
such as athlete's foot and ringworm, predominantly caused by dermatophytes
(Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton species).
PROTOZOA
ZOOSPORE RELEASE
MYCELIUM
MASS PRODUCTION INFECTION ON THE
OF SPORANGIA LEAF
PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS
an oomycete responsible for potato late blight
causes potato stalks and stems to decay into black slime
Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is also often called "potato blight". Late
blight was a major culprit in the 1840s European, the 1845 - 1852 Irish, and the 1846
Highland potato famines.
POTATO LATE BLIGHT
SPORANGIAL
DISSEMINATION
RELEASE OF
SPORULATION ZOOSPORES
MYCELIUM
INFECTION ON INFECTION OF
THE LEAF THE HOST PLANT
BENEFICIAL PROTIST
Protists
Protists play critically important ecological roles as producers particularly in the world’s oceans.
They are equally important on the other end of food webs as decomposers.
PROTISTS AS FOOD SOURCES
Protists are essential sources of nutrition for many other organisms. In some cases, as in plankton,
protists are consumed directly. Alternatively, photosynthetic protists serve as producers of
nutrition for other organisms by carbon fixation
WHERE ARE
DINOFLAGELLATES FOUND?
Dinoflagellates are single-cell organisms that can be found in streams, rivers,
and freshwater ponds. 90% of all dinoflagellates are found living in the ocean. They are better
referred to as algae and there are nearly 2000 known living species.
DINOFLAGELLATE
POLYPS AND
DINOFLAGELLATES
PROTIST
As primary producers, protists feed a large proportion of the world’s aquatic species. (On land,
terrestrial plants serve as primary producers.) Protists do not create food sources only for sea-
dwelling organisms.
PROTISTS AND AQUATIC
ORGANISMS
AGENTS OF DECOMPOSITION
Many fungus-like protists are saprobes, organisms that feed on dead organisms or the waste
matter produced by organisms and are specialized to absorb nutrients from nonliving organic
matter.
SAPROBES
OOMYCETES
ECONOMIC BENEFIT