Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Anticancer Q4 W4 June 1
Anticancer Q4 W4 June 1
Prepared by
Robert John M. Bumagat
What medications/treatment
do patient with cancer
usually undergo?
Do they take medicines?
What kind of drugs they
usually take to treat the
cancer?
ANTICANCER
DRUGS!
Anticancer drugs
Examples:
Alkylating agents play a significant role in the
treatment of lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, breast
cancer, multiple myeloma, and other malignancies.
Antimetabolites
Antimetabolites are called a
“cytotoxic” type of drugs because they
kill cells. They work by mimicking the
molecules that the cells need to grow.
Antimetabolites
The benefit of taking this kind of
drug is can kill cancer cells, which can
help you live longer and make your
tumor stop growing or shrink.
However, this don’t work for everyone
because not all tumor will respond to
this kind of drugs.
Antimetabolites
EXAMPLE:
• Hypomethylating agents represents a class
of drugs that may restore normal gene
function to genes responsible for cell
division and differentiation.
Hypomethylating agents may function as
biological response modifiers by affecting
cytokine cell signaling. These agents may be identified as antimetabolites
and they include 5-azacytidine and Decitadine.
Antimetabolites
EXAMPLE:
• Methotrexate is used to treat certain
types of cancer of the breast, skin,
head and neck, lungs. It is also used to
treat severe psoriasis and
rheumatoid arthritis.
Other examples include 5-flourouracil and
Cytosine Arabinoside.
Anthracyclines
Anthracyclines or anthracycline
antibiotics are a class of drugs used in
cancer chemotherapy derived from
Streptomyces bacteria.
These compounds are used to treat a
wide range of cancers, including
leukemias, lymphomas, and breast,
uterine, ovarian, and lung cancers.
Anthracyclines
Examples include Bleomycin,
Daunorubicin, and Doxorubicin.
Anthracyclines
3 MECHANISMS OF ACTION
• Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by
interacting between base pairs of
RNA/DNA strands, thus preventing the
replication of rapidly-growing cancer cells.
• Inhibiting topoisomerase II enzyme,
preventing the relaxing of supercoiled
DNA and thus blocking DNA transcription
and replication.
Anthracyclines
3 MECHANISMS OF ACTION
• Creates iron-mediated free oxygen radicals
that damage the DNA and cell membranes.
C. Anthracyclines
Choices:
1. Drugs that prevent replication of cancer cell by
introducing an alkylating agent.
2. Drugs that damage heart cells.
3. Drugs that prevent replication of the cancer cell by
inserting a base pair to DNA and RNA.
4. Drugs that stop the cell division of the cancer cell by
mimicking a molecule of DNA and RNA.
5. Drugs that are affective in certain amount of time.
6. Drugs that could effect bone marrow leading to
anemia.
To summary:
What is anticancer?
What are the three major
classes of anticancer drugs?