ATOMIC NUMBER AND

SYNTHESIS OF
NEW ELEMENTS
 ATOMIC NUMBER
Atomic number refers to
the number of protons
found in the nucleus of an
atom.
THE ATOMIC NUMBER AND MASS
NUMBER
Fill In What Is Missing In The Zapen Table.
 THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW ELEMENTS
In 1930, the element 92, Uranium was the heaviest element
discovered at that time. The eagerness of scientists to study
and discover the behavior and characteristics of the elements
challenged them to create new elements. By the year 1937,
Ernest Lawrence used linear particle accelerator in creating
element 43 by bombarding the atoms of molybdenum with
atomic number 42 with fast moving electrons. He named this
element 43 as Technetium. The first man-made element.
1940, the element astatine with
atomic number 85 is
synthesized by the
collaboration of three great
scientists, Emilio Segre,
Kenneth Mackenzie and Dale
Corson by bombarding the
atoms of element bismuth with
atomic number 83 using the
fast moving alpha particle.
Edwin McMillan used
particle accelerator to
bombard uranium with
neutrons that led him to
discover the element
with atomic number 93.
He called it neptunium.
In the late 1940, the four
scientists namely, Glenn
Seaborg, Edwin McMillan,
Joseph Kennedy and Arthur
Wahl synthesized element
94 by bombarding the
uranium with deuterons in
the cyclotron.
The cyclotron is a particle accelerator used in
alternating electric field to accelerate particles that
move in a spiral path in the presence of a magnetic
field. The deuterons are particles made of a proton
and a neutron. They named the element 94 to
plutonium
In the periodic table of elements, elements with
atomic number higher than 92 are belong to the
group or family of transuranium elements. Since,
elements neptunium and plutonium have atomic
number 93 and 94 respectively are grouped in the
family of transuranium elements.
Fill in what is missing in the ZApen table. Use a separate sheet of
paper for your answer.
ATOMIC NUMBER AND
SYNTHESIS OF
NEW ELEMENTS
Wizard Witchcraf
t
THE FORMATION OF HEAVIER
ELEMENTS
• The lighter elements are formed during the big
bang nucleosynthesis.

• the heavier elements are formed through the

stellar nucleosynthesis.
 STELLAR
NUCLEOSYNTHESIS

Stellar nucleosynthesis is a
formation of heavy elements
within the stars
 STELLAR
EVOLUTION

Stellar evolution refers to the

large-scale, systematic, and
irreversible changes of the
structure and composition of
a star over time.
 SHELLS FUSION

The bigger the star, the

heavier elements it can
produce inside the core.
 SHELLS FUSION

The shell fusion is a

process of formation of
new elements in
its layers or regions.
 EVIDENCE OF FORMATION OF HEAVY
ELEMENTS
• One of the significant evidences to support the formation of heavier
elements during stellar evolution is the interstellar medium.

• The interstellar medium is all the collection of interstellar matter.

• The interstellar matter refers to the materials between the stars. About
ninety-nine percent (99%) of these materials are in the form of gases.

• Another evidence to corroborate the formation of heavy elements is

infrared radiation