WINDOWING TECHNIQUES

-by
Sivasubramaniam
Vigneshwar
Vignesh
Vinothkumar
 AGENDA
Windowing Techniques
1)Rectangular
2)Hamming
What do you mean by windowing technique

• Windowing is the process of taking a small

subset of a larger dataset, for processing and
analysis.
• It involves multiplying the ideal impulse
response with a window function to generate
a corresponding filter,which tapers the ideal
impulse response.
Why we use windowing technique in DSP

• Windows are sometimes used in the design of

digital filters,in particular to convert “ideal”
impulse response of infinite duration,such as
sinc function,to a finite impulse response(FIR)
filter design.
• Basically,window functions are used to limit a
signal in time or to improve artifacts of the
fourier transform.
 Rectangular windowing
• The rectangular window is the most common
windowing technique to design a finite impulse
response filter.
• The rectangular window is an example of a window
that is high resolution but low dynamic
range,meaning it is good for distinguishing
components of similar amplitude even when
frequencies are also close,but poor at distinguishing
components of different amplitude even when the
frequencies are far away.
Use of rectangular window in DSP
• For example,a rectangular window provides a
maximum level of attenuation in the stopband
of 21dB whereas a hamming window can
result in attenuation levels approaching 53dB.
• Rectangular window is the simplest
window,equivalent to replacing all but N values
of a data sequence by zeros,making it appear
as though the waveform suddenly turns on
and off.
 Hamming windowing
• The hamming window is an extension of the
hann window in the sense that it is a raised
cosine window of the form with a
corresponding spectrum of the form .
• The parameter permits the optimization of the
destructive sidelobe cancellation mentioned in
the description of the hann window.
 Features of hamming windows
• Discontinuous “slam to zero” at endpoints.
• Roll-off is asymptotically -6 dB per octave.
• Side lobes are closer to “equal ripple”.
• First side lobe is. dB down = dB better than
Hann.
 Uses of hamming window

• Computers can’t do computations with an

infinite number of data points, so all signals
are “cut off” at either side of the peak that
you see.The hamming window reduces this
ripple , giving you a more accurate idea of the
original signal’s frequency spectrum.