(ELECTIVE P.E.

By: Rafael T. Celso

SWIMMING
A biologically propelled motion through a liquid medium.
It is the movement by humans and animals through water,
usually without artificial assistance.
An individual or team sport that requires the use of one's
entire body to move through water. The sport takes place
in pools or open water. Competitive swimming is one of
the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance
events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and
individual medley. 
IMPORTANCE OF
KNOWING HOW TO SWIM
PERSONAL SAFETY
RESCUING OTHERS
HEALTH
PLEASURE
VALUES OF SWIMMING
Competitive Value
Recreational Value
Social Value
Therapeutic Value
Safety Value
Occupational Value
Risk of Swimming
Drowning or inhalation of
water
Adverse effects of immersion
Exposure to chemicals
Infection
Risk of Swimming (cont.)
Swimmers own action
Adverse water and weather
conditions
Objects in water
Aquatic life
Tips for Safety
Learn to Swim
Supervise Children
Swim only when lifeguard in on duty
Do not swim when under the
influence of alcohol or drugs
Never swim alone
Tips for Safety (cont.)
Do not swim during bad weather
Avoid diving head first
Refrain from horseplay when in
the water
Use proper flotation devices
First aid, cpr and pool fences
HISTORY OF SWIMMING
AS AN ESSENTIAL SKILL
ANCIENT EGYPT
Bass – reliefs depicting swimming
figures.
Dating back from 850 BC.
Egyptian soldiers swim across
river Nile with an aid of a mussuk.
ANCIENT EGYPT
Swim style is characterized by
vertical kick and hand over hand
stroke.
Artifacts are displayed at Nimrud
Gallery of the British Museum.
Assyrian stone carvings of
the breaststroke.
One reliable expert source said
that the legend from one stone
carving says "They fled - like fishes
crossed the river."
Hittites, Minoans, and other early
civilizations swimming and diving
skills.
Mosaics from Middle Eastern
civilizations and Pompeii look much
like a doggie-paddle.
Hittites, Minoans, and other early
civilizations swimming and diving
skills.
Tales of great feats of swimming prowess
are recorded in the sagas of Scandinavia, in
the English epic poem Beowulf and in
certain Greek and Roman classics, but in
every case it is the feat itself and not the
swimming technique that is described.
Early Publications About
Swimming
1538
Nicolas Wyman – Germany
The Diver, or A Dialogue Concerning the Art of
Swimming
Covered early rescuing techniques and said that
the rescuer should not permit the victim to seize
him. Rescuers were encouraged to be able to swim
with one arm (a forerunner of pre-rescue tube
lifesaving swim strokes).
Early Publications About
Swimming (cont.)
1696
Melchisedec Thevenot - France
The Art of Swimming
Adaptation / Translation of Evarard
Digby’s book written in Latin, De Arte
Natandi, in 1597.
HISTORY OF SWIMMING
AS A SPORT
History of swimming as a
form of competition
First mention of competitive
swimming - Japan 36 B.C.
England - first modern society to
develop swimming as sport – 1837
Strokes - breaststroke, sidestroke
1844 - Native Americans - Flying
Gull and Tobacco competed.
History of swimming as a
form of competition (cont.)
Competition for people with
disabilities.
1924 First Summer World games
for hearing impaired.
1968 First Summer games
including people with cognitive
disabilities.
History of swimming as a
form of competition (cont.)
Swimming was included in the first
modern Olympics in 1896 with men
only competing.
1912 – women were allowed to
compete in the Olympics.
First woman to compete in the
Olympics is Fanny Durrack of
Australia.
History of swimming as a
form of competition (cont.)
Stroke development

Breaststroke and sidestroke main

strokes in 1800's
John Trudgen - England 1873 -
trudgen crawl copied and adapted
from South American Indians
History of swimming as a form
of competition (cont.)
Stroke development
Richard Cavill - Australia 1902 -
Australian Crawl copied and adapted
from natives of Solomon Islands
Backstroke 1912
Butterfly - 1934 arms, 1935 legs. Legal
stroke in 1950's.
History of swimming as a form of
competition (cont.)

Cpt. Matthew Webb 1st male 1875

Gertrude Ederle 1st female 1926
Marcus Hooper - youngest (12)
1979
Ashby Harper - oldest (66) 1983.
World Swimming
Organization
FINA
Fédération Internationale de Natation
(FINA) is the International Federation (IF)
recognized by the International Olympic
Committee (IOC) for administering
international competition in the aquatic
sports (its name translated from French is
"International Swimming Federation").
It is based in Lausanne, Switzerland.
FINA
FINA currently oversees competition in five aquatic
sports: swimming, diving, synchronized swimming,
water polo and open water swimming.
On July 24, 2009, Dr. Julio Maglione of Uruguay was
elected FINA President.
Was founded on July 19, 1908 in the Manchester
Hotel in London, UK at the end of the 1908 Summer
Olympics by the Belgian, British, Danish, Finnish,
Dutchish, French, German, Hungarian and Swedish
Swimming Federations.
SWIMMING POOL
Recreational Swimming Pool
Comes in various shapes and
sizes.
Competition Swimming Pool
Long Course Swimming Pool
Short Course Swimming Pool
Long Course Swimming Pool or
Olympic Size Swimming Pool
Short Course Swimming Pool
SWIM SUITS
Used to improve bare human skin
for speed advantage.
Usually made of lycra or spandex, a
clothing material which is light and
does not absorb water that much.
Bathing Suit
SWIMMING CAP
Keeps the swimmer warm.
Aids in reducing drag.
Organizes swimmers hair.
Made up of Silicone rubber, latex
rubber, neoprene or lycra.
SWIMMING GOGGLES
Protects the swimmers eye from swimming
pool chemicals.
Aids the swimmer to have better visibility.
Pull bouy Swim paddle

Training Fins
Snorkel Kickboard
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
Breath control
Floating
Streamlined Position and Gliding
Flutter kick
Dog Paddle
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
(cont.)
Straight arm crawl
Supine Flutter kick
Finning
Sculling
Backstroke
Water entries
DOG PADDLE
SIDE STROKE
FREESTYLE OR CRAWL STROKE
Freestyle Swim Competition
BACKSTROKE
Backstroke Swim Competition
BREASTSTROKE
Breaststroke Swim Competition
BUTTERFLY
Butterfly Swim Competition
Individual Medley
Freestyle Relay
Medley Relay
Pool sessions next………….