INTERNATIONAL

MANDATES
International Mandates

- Human Rights is the rights that one is

entitled to by virtue of being human, are
inalienable.

How do we define Human rights?

- Human rights are rights inherent to all

human beings, regardless of race, sex,
nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or
any other status.
What are the different human rights?

- Our human rights is embodied in an important document known

as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). This
international document was drafted immediately after the United
Nations came into being in October 24, 1945. The Declaration,
which was adopted in December 10, 1948, is the most universal
human rights document in existence, delineating the Thirty
fundamental rights that form the basis for a democratic Society.
Enumerated in Table 1 is the Summary of the Thirty Fundamental
Rights.
What are the Basic Principles of human rights?

The following are the basic principles of human rights:

- Universality:
This means that human rights must be afforded to everyone, without exception,
as people are entitled to these rights simply by virtue of being human
- Indivisibility:
Human rights are inseparable and are dependent on each other. This means that
in order to guarantee the other rights embodied in the UDHR, all of the rights
must be fulfilled, protected and uphold. For example, if the government
violates rights such as health, it necessarily affects people's ability to exercise
other rights such as the right to life.
- Participation:
People have a right to participate on how decisions are made regarding
protection of their rights. This includes but is not limited to having input on
government decisions about rights. To ensure human rights, governments must
engage and support the participation of civil society on these issues.
- Accountability:
Governments must create mechanisms of accountability for the enforcement of
rights. It is not enough that rights are recognized in domestic law or in policies
of governments. To ensure accountability, there must be effective measures out
in place so that the government can be held accountable if those rights
standards are not met. An example of this mechanism is our Commission on
Human Rights (CHR).
- Transparency:
Transparency means that governments must be open about all information
and decision-making processes related to rights. People must be able to
know and understand how major decisions affecting rights are made and
how public institutions, such as hospitals and schools, which are needed to
protect rights, are managed and run. An example of this is the law on
freedom of information.
- Non-Discrimination:
Human rights must be guaranteed without discrimination of any kind. This
includes not only purposeful discrimination, but also protection from
policies and practices which may have a discriminatory effect.
Ta b l e 1
Article 1 Right to Equality
Article 2 Freedom from Discrimination
A r t i c l e 3 R i g h t t o L i f e , L i b e r t y, P e r s o n a l S e c u r i t y
Article 4 Freedom from Slavery
A r t i c l e 5 F r e e d o m f r o m To r t u r e a n d D e g r a d i n g Tr e a t m e n t
Article 6 Right to Recognition as a Person before the Law
Article 7 Right to Equality before the Law
A r t i c l e 8 R i g h t t o R e m e d y b y C o m p e t e n t Tr i b u n a l
Article 9 Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Exile
Article 10 Right to Fair Public Hearing
A r t i c l e 11 R i g h t t o b e C o n s i d e r e d I n n o c e n t u n t i l P r o v e n G u i l t y
A r t i c l e 1 2 F r e e d o m f r o m I n t e r f e r e n c e w i t h P r i v a c y, F a m i l y, H o m e
and Correspondence
Article 13 Right to Free Movement in and out of the Country
Article 14 Right to Asylum in other Countries from Persecution
Article 15 Right to a Nationality and the Freedom to Change It
Article 16 Right to Marriage and Family
Article 17 Right to Own Property
Article 18 Freedom of Belief and Religion
Article 19 Freedom of Opinion and Information
Article 20 Right of Peaceful Assembly and Association
Article 21 Right to Participate in Government and in Free Elections
Article 22 Right to Social Security
A r t i c l e 2 3 R i g h t t o D e s i r a b l e Wo r k a n d t o J o i n Tr a d e U n i o n s
Article 24 Right to Rest and Leisure
Article 25 Right to Adequate Living Standard
Article 26 Right to Education
Article 27 Right to Participate in the Cultural Life of Community
Article 28 Right to a Social Order that Articulates this Document
Article 29 Community Duties Essential to Free and Full Development
Article 30 Freedom from State or Personal Interference in the above
Rights
 United Nations Decade for Women Conference
What is an International Instrument?
- is a legal document signed by different nations that provides directions
- obligation to develop and implement legislation for the protection and fulfillment of the
rights of its citizen.

International instruments that talk about the rights of women and girls, includes the
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW),
the Beijing Platform for Action (BPA), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
2030.

What is CEDAW means?

Is the convention that is often referred to – as the international bill of rights for women. It
was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 18, 1979.
CEDAW focuses on women’s rights and women’s issues worldwide.
The definition of discrimination
- Discrimination means unfair treatment of a person or group for any reason such as being
girl or boy, belonging to a particular race or religion or having different abilities, and so on.

- Discrimination against girls and women means directly or indirectly treating girls and
women differently from boys and men in a way which prevents them from enjoying their
rights.

- Direct discrimination against girls and women is generally easier to recognize as the
discrimination is quite obvious.

- Indirect discrimination against girls and women can be difficult to recognize. It refers to
situations that may appear to be unbiased, but the result is in unequal treatment of girls and
women.
WHAT IS INDIRECT
DISCRIMINATION?
- What are the rights of women and girls guaranteed under CEDAW?
• The rights of women and girls under CEDAW can be divided into three categories in
accordance to the three focus areas of the Convention as mentioned above.

The first category of rights are those that refers to the Civil Rights
and Legal Status of women and girls.

The second category of rights is known as the Reproductive

Rights.

The last and third category of rights refers to the mechanisms that
need to be established by the ratifying nation to address cultural
factors influencing gender relations.
Why is CEDAW important?

1. CEDAW provides a complete definition of sex based discrimination.

2. CEDAW takes a concrete and three dimensional view of equality.
3. CEDAW legally binds States Parties to fulfill, protect and respect women's
human rights.
4. CEDAW recognizes that discrimination is often most deeply rooted in
spheres of life such as culture, family and interpersonal relations.
5. CEDAW can make a difference for women and girls.
How many countries in Southeast Asia are
party to the convention?

- All ten of the ASEAN countries have ratified or acceded to the Convention.
The Philippines was the first country to ratify the convention in 1981,
followed in the next decade by Lao PDR, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Thailand.
Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore and Myanmar became States parties in the
1990's, while Brunei Darussalam acceded in 2006. In addition, Timor - Leste,
a non-ASEAN country, acceded to the convention in April 2003
How is compliance of ratifying nations to CEDAW monitored?
What will happen if they violated the CEDAW provisions?

- The committee is responsible for reviewing each State party's progress, as well as the
challenges they are experiencing in implementing the Convention. The committee is also
responsible for developing jurispudence, a body of legal interpretation, throught issuance of
General Recommendations and decision under CEDAW's Optional Protocol.

- In cases where ratifying nations committed violations of the provisions, the CEDAW
Committee may initiate an inquiry procedure if it has received reliable information of grave
or systemic violations of rights established in the Convention.
2. Beijing Platform for Action of the Fourth World
Conference on Women 1995

• Participated in by 189 governments and more than 5,000

representatives from 2,100 NGO's
• Aimed to advance the goals of equality, development and peace for
all women everywhere in the interest of humanity
• Upholds CEDAW.
Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) - otherwise known
as the "Global Goals are a universal call to action to end
poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy
peace and prosperity."
There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
GOAL 5 TARGETS

- End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere
- Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private,
including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation.
- Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female
genitall mutilation.
- Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public
services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared
responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate.
- Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for
leadership at all levels of decision making political, economic and public life.
- Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and
reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of
Action of the International - Conference on Population and Development
and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their
review conferences.
- Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as
well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of
property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in
accordance with national laws.
- Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and
communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women.
- Facts and figures
• About two thirds of countries in the developing regions have achieved gender parity
in primary education.
• In Southern Asia, only 74 girls were enrolled in primary school for every 100 boys
in 1990. By 2012, the enrollment ratios were the same for girls as for boys.
• In sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania and Western Asia, girls still face barriers to
entering both primary and secondary school.
• Women in Northern Africa hold less than one in five paid jobs in the non-
agricultural sector. The proportion of women in paid employment outside the
agriculture sector has increased from 35 percent in 1990 to 41 percent in 2015.
• In 46 countries, women now hold more than 30 percent of seats in national
parliament in at least one chamber.
QUIZ TIME!
1. It is the rights that one is entitled to by virtue of
being human, are inalienable.
2. What is UDHR?
3. This means that human rights must be afforded
to everyone without exemption.
4. It means that government must be open about all
information and decision-making process related to
rights.
5. What is in Article 4?
6. It is an unfair treatment of a person or group for any reason
such as being gurl or boy belonging to a particular race or
religion or having different abilities and so on.
7. Human Rights must be guaranteed without discrimination of
any kind.
8. Otherwise known as the "Global Goals are a universal call to
action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all
people enjoy peace and prosperity.
9. How many goals are in sustainable development?
10. It is the convention that is often referred to - as the
international bill of rights for women.
ANSWERS:

1. Human Rights
2. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
3. Universality
4. Transparency
5. Freedom from slavery
6. Discrimination
7. Non-Discrimination
8. Sustainable Development Goals
9. 17
10. CEDAW
THANK YOU!
HOPING THAT YOU’VE LEARN SOMETHING.