CRITICAL REVIEW by Group 2

The influence of cognitive bias on crisis decision-making: Experimental evidence on the

comparison of bias effects between crisis decision-maker groups
David Paulus, et.al
Member of Group 2 :
• Ni Made Sumantariani, S.Tr.Ak. 2281611051 / 02
• Ida Ayu Reindivtia, S.E. 2281611060 / 11
• Ida Bagus Oka Suryawibawa, S.E. 2281611062 / 13
• Ni Wayan Sarasati Pramudia WP, S.E., Ak. 2281611063 / 14
• I Putu Denny Kusuma Wijaya, S.E. 2281611070 / 21
 STRONG POINTS
The authors can point out the most
powerful, well-established information in
processing cognitive biases which are:
anchoring, framing, and confirmation
bias, they also selected bias blind spot as
it is useful to understand people’s ability
to self-identify biases in their own
decision-making. Those selection made
this research clear, feasible, and concise.
As we can predict there are some other
types of bias can influence crisis response
The research is take a
momentum in Pandemic-Covid
19, which lead to the novelty
of this research.
This research lead to a deep
understanding about how reckless it
can be for a decision maker in making
a decision while in the crisis era. And
this research also give a reminder
about bias that might be happen while
making a decision especially in public
policy that affected a lot of people
that need support in the middle of
crisis, so the society can be more
aware of this biases cognitive
behavior. This kind of research is very
needed.

The purpose of the researchers in this
study is to provide an understanding
of the effects of bias in crisis decision
making because it is still
underdeveloped, so researchers here
want to know how strong bias is
present in decision making during a
crisis. According to the researchers,
this study is an important step in the
future regarding how we can
overcome problems during a crisis.
In this study a combination of three
survey trials has been carried out in
which a total of 531 respondents
participated, 460 crisis affected persons,
50 government workers and nonprofits,
as well as 21 crisis experts representing
all types of organizations in crisis
response, including local and
international organizations, agencies
United Nations, research and academia,
as well as the private sector. This shows
that the sample of this study includes
almost all levels of society affected by
the crisis.
 THINGS TO BE IMPROVED

The authors focus on the individual bias responders. Crisis-affected people, governmental and
non-profit workers, and crisis experts must make frequent decisions during urgent, uncertain,
high-stakes, and resource-constraint circumstances. But in fact, an important decision in crisis
era like pandemic covid 19, a major public policy taken by a group/organizational

a form of organizational confirmation bias might arise because of organizational

mandates, experience, and standard procedures, resulting in reduced organizational
learning and fewer decision corrections when conflicting information suggests course
corrections. This concern is out of scope in this research
“To assess the influence of cognitive biases on crisis decision-making, we focus
on four concrete biases: framing effect, bias blind spot, confirmation bias, and
anchoring bias. Evidence from domains with similar decision contexts shows
these biases are present in emergency healthcare, infrastructure safety,
forensics, and tense political situations “

Future study can do an observation that focus in one spesivic evidence

to get more deep understanding about cases related to cognitive bias.
As prior study stated that four concrete biases are present in
emergency healthcare, infrastructure safety, forensics, and tense
political situations
 Identifying what biases influence crisis decision-making needs to be
followed up with research on effective interventions that reduce bias
effects, i.e., debiasing techniques. The authors argue that frugal, low-
cost, low-effort debiasing interventions might best suit the time- and
resource-constraint crisis context.

One of the debiasing techniques is through Crisis Information System

that support people in crisis with information and decision support
THANK YOU