MONITORING

PERFORMANCE OF SHIP’S
MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT
STUDY ON RECENT
CASES IN THE FLEET

船队近期案例浅析
Stern tube aft bearing high temp. alarm during UMS in the morning 尾轴管后轴承凌晨高温
报警
40℃  65℃  108℃

Risks
Heavy weather, loss of engine power 恶劣天气，船舶失去动力
Wind: NE-NNE BF 8-9 , High Sea ： 5.0 m , Heavy swell : 4.0m

Near coastal area 船舶离岸很近

About 28 Miles away Northeast Taiwan

No readily availability of tugboat assistance 短时间内无法获得拖轮协助

Ocean tugboat only available from Fujian/Shanghai/Zhejiang areas

Case 1: Stern Tube Aft Bearing

High Temp. At Sea 尾轴管后轴承高温
 1. Standby engine – additional generators
启动备用发电机并联，备便主机

2. Reduce main engine speed – stop engine

主机减速，停车

3. Monitoring of stern tube bearing temperature and inspection of L.O filter

监控尾轴轴承温度， 检视尾轴管滑油滤器

4. Close communication with navigation bridge/company

保持和驾驶台以及公司的联系

5. Risk assessment/record/report
做好风险评估 / 轮机和航海日志的记录 / 报告等

ACTIONS TAKEN 应急措施

 Stern tube L.O filter
滑油滤器内部情况

Aft bearing temp. graphic diagram

后轴承温度曲线
Damage on bearing lower part aft end
轴承下半部分尾部损伤情况
CONSEQUENCE 后续处理

1. Ship sailed to Zhoushan Anchorage without tug assistance

船依靠自身动力抵达舟山锚地
2. Cargo for 2nd discharge port Zhenjiang to be unloaded at Beilun (Charterer /
Insurance / terminal / custom – by agent)
原定第二卸货港镇江卸载的货物需在北仑卸下
3. Permission for port entry (MSA, Tub company, Class BV)
船舶如何取得靠泊许可
4. Dry-docking for repair
安排船舶进坞修理
5. Stern tube bearing rebuild / repair by service company
尾轴管轴承的重铸或修理
Preventive Actions 预防措施
Monitoring stern tube bearing temperature (setting, history)
监控尾轴管轴承的温度，合理设定报警值， 参考比较以往运行记录

Test LO sample by lab bi-annually and study the report carefully (Fe, Tin etc)
半年送一次滑油到实验室化验，仔细研读比较化验报告（特别是铁含量和锡含量）

Know different characteristics between EAL and mineral L.O and pay special attention accordingly
了解所使用的滑油（环保油或传统的矿物油）的不同特性并加以注意

Test LO sample for water content monthly or as necessary on board

每个月或根据需要进行滑油水含量的测试

Clean LO filter regularly (after drydocking, renew/replenish of oil)

定期清洗滑油滤器（特别是进 / 出坞，换新或补充滑油时）
Preventive Actions 预防措施
Drain and check the oil from lowest points (after heavy weather, change of loading condition)
定期从系统低处泄放和检查滑油油样（特别是大风浪天之后，船舶装卸货之后）

Adjust main engine speed according to ship’s loading, sea and weather conditions.
根据船舶装载情况，海况和天气，及时调整主机转速和负荷

Be cautious during ship’s arrival/departure of shipyard, docking and undocking. Adjust ship’s draft
to ensure sufficient immersion ratio of propeller and control engine speed during such operation.
特别留意船舶进 / 出船厂和进 / 出干坞时的情况。及时调整船舶吃水，保证螺旋桨的浸没率，控制
主机运转转速
Case 2: Breakdown of Ship’s Accom. AC 住舱空
调系统故障
1. At sea, hot trading area
海上航行，热带区域

2. Wear down of crankshaft and bearing shells on Accom. AC compressor, repair

without shore assistance is impossible.
空调压缩机故障，曲轴和轴瓦严重磨损，靠船力无法恢复

3. Deviation for repair at Kaohsiung or Singapore impossible due to unavailability

of spare parts
偏航到高雄或新加坡修理无法解决问题，无备件或替代品

4. Supply of spare parts at loading port of Hedland not feasible within short period.
在装货港短时间内也无法供应备件
 Crew: Hot weather – uncomfortable working
and living condition. 船员需忍受高温下的
工作和生活条件。

BHP: Incident investigation – Supply

Chain and Excellence Department. 租家
持续对船舶和公司进行问询调查，有可
Terminal 能取消租船合约。
BHP
AMSA
/ Harbour Control
AMSA: MLC inspection after
berthing 海事局通知靠泊后会上船
做 MLC 检查

Harbour Master: Pilot working condition on

bridge 港口通知，如果领港上船发现驾驶
台温度太高，就会取消进港计划。
 Obtained Flag dispensation of Accom. AC
向香港海事处申请豁免

Risk assessment and implementation

做风险评估，执行相应的对策

Discussed with crew members for their understanding and

consent of temporary shortage of Accom. AC
和船员沟通，取得相应的理解和支持

Sourced portable AC via agent to be delivered at anchorage

of Port Hedland
经由装货港代理购买便携式空调机

ACTIONS TAKEN 采取措施

Cooled decks/accommodation walls with water
住舱 / 驾驶台顶洒水降温

Adjusted or reduced workload and work rotation

调整人员工作负荷以及排班

Monitored and reported temperature of various spaces in

Accom. Area before allowed to berth
持续监测和报告住舱不同处所的温度情况，以寻求码头允许靠泊

Repaired AC at shipyard after discharge of cargo in China

船到中国港口卸完货以后，靠泊船厂码头修理空调系统 （卸货港不
允许人员访船，空调修好之前不允许再次到访 Port Hedland 港）

ACTIONS TAKEN 采取措施

 What is the importance of Acc. AC mean on board nowadays?
船上住舱空调系统的重要性
Monitoring and maintenance of Acc. AC
如何监控和保养船上住舱空调系统
1. Spare parts 备件 （气阀阀件，滤器，控制元件等）
2. Running hours due 按时保养
3. Adjustment of operating mode/capacity 及时调整运行模式和容量
4. Monitoring of parameters 运行参数的监控（运行声音，马达电流，高压，低压，
油压，过热度调节，新风回风量调节，制冷和风量的匹配，控制面板指示灯状态，
压缩机轴封情况等）
5. Training of engineers 对轮机员的培训
6. Trouble shooting and symptoms of failure 故障研判和诊断
Alternative measures for supporting Acc. AC 对住舱空调的辅助措施
1. Package AC on navigation bridge 驾驶台上独立空调机的安装
2. Portable AC for public areas 备用便携式独立空调机
CASE 3: BLACK OUT TEST ON BOARD
• * Annual survey, Port of Talbot, England 英国港口，船舶年度检验
• * Simulation switch test of black out from ESB (Normal sequences: Bus-tie breaker on ESB fed
from MSB opens when simulation test switch is On, E/G starts and E/G ACB on ESB closes,
after test, while simulation test switch is Off, E/G ACB on ESB opens and bus-tie breaker on
ESB fed from MSB closes, E/G stops according to pre-set program ） . 从应配做模拟测试开
关断电测试（正常程序：当模拟测试开关放到 ON 位置时，应配的联络开关释放脱闸，应发
自动启动后主开关合闸供电到应急配电板。随后，当模拟测试开关放到 OFF 位置时，应发主
开关脱闸，联络开关合闸从主配供电，应急发电机依程序停机 ) 。
• * Bus-tie breaker on ESB failed to close after simulation test switch was turned to Off 本
次测试，当模拟测试开关恢复 OFF 位置时，联络开关无法自动合闸以恢复主配对应配供电
• * Under-voltage Relay renewed by service engineer 联络开关上的失压线圈换新
• * Mechanism in bus-tie breaker worn and renewed 联络开关上的脱扣机构磨损换新
• * UPS for the bus-tie breaker renewed 联络开关上的不间断电源换新
 Under Voltage Relay
失压线圈

Bus-tie breaker on ESB 应

配上的联络开关

UPS 不间断电源，
Activating mechanism 用于应配和应发的
Bus-tie breaker connection 脱扣合闸机构卡舌 控制系统
联络开关内部接线
1. Spare bus-tie breaker to be prepared 申请备用联络开关
2. Preparation of a black-out test (check-list) 熟悉断电测试前的准备工作（检查表）
3. Function and relationship among bus-tie breaker/Simulation test switch/ Emergency
Generator ACB on ESB and bus-tie breaker on MSB 熟悉应配上联络开关 / 模拟测试开
关 / 应急发电机主开关以及主配到应配的联络开关的功能和关系
4. Black-out test by activation of bus-tie breaker from ESB or MSB 通过实际操作主配或应配
的联络开关做测试
5. Simulation switch test from ESB (procedure, program or setting to be followed) 从应配的模
拟测试开关做测试 （注意相关的步骤，程序或设定，严格遵守）
6. Test interval: Maximum 3 months/change of CE, 2E or EE. 测试周期，每三个月一次，或
者轮机长，大管轮或电机师换班后。从应配上模拟测试开关处测试和从主配联络开关处断
电测试，两种方法交替进行。
7. Training of engineers by C/E. 针对断电测试，轮机长对轮机员的培训。
CASE 4: NAVI. AND RADIO EQUIPMENT

1. VDR: CPU, back-up HDD, 2- or 3-ports repeater board

2. ECDIS: LCD monitor, HD, fan, CPU, SSD
3. VHF/UHF: antenna
4. RADAR: magnetron, driving motor
5. V-Sat: cable, antenna
6. Gyro Compass: sensitive element – gyro sphere
Failure in 2021
7. LRIT: antenna
2021 故障案例
8. Wind Meter: cable, sensor
Maintenance ( 保养）
• Electronic / Automation （电子 / 自动化）
• Aging of equipment （船龄设备老化）

Expectation （各方要求越来越高）
• Higher standard / requirement （更高标准）
• No failure （不允许有故障失效情况）

Covid-19 Restriction （疫情限制）

• Service attendance （不允许登船）
• Spare parts delivery （送补延迟，无法寄岸）
• See • Photo
• 陪同服务商做检查 • 拍照记录保养过程，
设备正常运行状态
Hear Read
听声音 看说明书

Test Check
做测试 检查异常
• Record • Plan
• 参考原来的保养记录 • 提早做保养检修计划，
准备料件
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR TIME

谢谢参加