TYPES OF WALL BASED ON

CONSTRUCTION
 BRICK WALL
The first walls were constructed using mud bricks, some of
which have proven to be surprisingly durable, held together
by a thin mud slurry. Clay, concrete, or calcium-silicate
bricks are typically used to construct modern brick walls.
Bricks are typically 215mm (L) x 102.5mm (W) x 65mm in
size (H). A cementitious or lime mortar, typically 10mm thick
for the horizontal (bedding) joints and 10mm wide for the
vertical (perpend) joints, is used to bind bricks together.
Brick walls can be planned as straight, curved, zigzag, etc.,
and their thickness typically ranges from 102.5 mm and up.
Brick walls can also be sloped, but doing so typically
involves some kind of support, like steelwork or a concrete
backing.
How to construct a stone wall?
 STEPS OF STONE WALL CONSTRUCTION

Step 1: To assist in your stacking, sort the stone by size; setting aside the smallest pieces to use as shims (these will help
level unsteady larger stones).
Prepare for this activity by stretching well and always lift using your arms and legs, not your back Shims (shown far right),
or smaller stones, help level unsteady larger pieces.
Step 2: Map out the design by digging a trench about 6" deep and as wide as your largest stone.
Step 3: Pack down and level earth. Cut filter fabric at least 3 feet wider than the trench. Lay down filter fabric inside
trench so that excess is on the backside of trench. Filter fabric keeps dirt from migrating while allowing water to drain
through your wall.
Step 4: Place a thin layer of crushed stone (1"-2") in the trench to help level stones and assist drainage.
Step 5: Start with the largest stones first. Lay them flat from one end of the trench to the other. Continue to stack stones,
working back and forth, one level at a time.
HOW TO CONSTRUCT CONCERETE BLOCK MASONARY?
STEPS OF CONCRETE BLOCK MASONARY CONSTRUCTION

Wetting of Concrete Blocks:

• The concrete blocks need not be wetted before or during laying in the
walls. In places with high temperatures, the sides and the top of the
blocks shall only be moistened to prevent the absorption of water
from the mortar and ensure the formation of the required bond with
the mortar.
 Laying of Concrete Blocks:
The concrete blocks shall be laid in the mortar of the required mix as specified and thoroughly
bedded in mortar.
Mortar shall be spread over the top surface of the previous course, creating a uniform layer
with a minimum thickness of 10mm and not exceeding 12mm.
All the concrete block courses shall be laid truly horizontal, and all vertical joints made truly
vertical.
The concrete blocks shall break joints with those above and below for not less than a quarter
of their length.
Precast half-length closers (and not cut from full-size blocks) shall be used.
For battered faces, bedding shall be at right angles to the face unless otherwise directed.
Care must be taken during construction to ensure that the edges of the blocks are not damaged.