PAAVAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

HYBRID ELECTRIC CAR
MAIN PROJECT

Guided By Presented by

Dr .A.RATHINAM, M.E., Ph.D. ARAVIND.S(19106006)

Assistant Professor / EEE SANTHOSH.M (19106059)
SANTHOSH.N (19106060)
SUBASH.N (19106072)
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 ABSTRACT

 As the energy resources are depleting, there is a need for switching to renewable energy resources
as well as increasing their functionality.

 In the design, coupling of BLDC Motor with modified axle for a vehicle. The permanent magnet
brushless DC motor is highly efficient in operation with high torque.

 The comparison of the Efficiency, weight, cost, cooling, maximum speed, and reliability is carried
out for switched reluctance motor, induction motor, and permanent magnet brushless DC motor for
electric applications.

 The fast-growing interest in hybrid EVs from automakers, governments, and customers

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 INTRODUCTION

 A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal

combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).

 A hybrid-electric produces less tailpipe emissions than a compressible sized gasoline car.

 If the engine is not used to drive the car directly, it can be geared to run at maximum efficiency,

further improving fuel economy.

 The Toyota Prius. Ford Escape Hybrid, and Ford Fusion Hybrid are examples of full hybrids.

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 EXISTING SYSTEM

 The transportation sector is one of the highest consumers of fossil fuels and the largest contributor

of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Canada with gasoline sales constituting 40% of the country

total domestic petroleum sales.

 Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) offer a fuel-efficient solution that combines an electric motor

based drivetrain with the conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) to reduce fuel

consumption and vehicles emissions.

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 EXISTING SYSTEM

MECHANICAL FRONT ROTATIONAL

IC ENGINE
COUPLING AXLE MOTION

FIG :Block diagram of IC engine

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 PROPOSED SYSTEM

 Commutation with electronics instead of brushes allows for greater flexibility and capabilities not

available with brushed DC motors, including speed limiting, "micro stepped" operation for slow and or

fine motion control, and a holding torque when stationary.

 An electronic controller replaces the brush commutator assembly of the brushed DC motor.

 It continually switches the phase to the windings to keep the motor turning.

 The controller performs similar timed power distribution by using a solid-state circuit rather than the

brush commutator system

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 PROPOSED SYSTEM

MECHANICAL ROTATIONAL
IC ENGINE FRONT AXLE
MOTION
COUPLING

ELECTRIC ROTATIONAL
CONTROLLER REAR AXLE
MOTOR MOTION

BATTERY

FIG: Block diagram of power split up in HEV

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 PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

 The rotor of this motor is made of PM , the stator is provided an alternating current (AC) supply

from a DC source through an inverter.

 There are no windings in the rotor, there is no rotor copper loss, which makes it more efficient than

induction motors.

 Controlling the conduction angle of the power converter can improve the efficiency of PMBLDCs

as well as speed range.

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 WORKING

 The underlying principles for the working of a BLDC motor are the same as for a brushed DC motor,

i.e., internal shaft position feedback.

 In case of a brushed DC motor, feedback is implemented using a mechanical commutator and brushes.

 With a in BLDC motor, it is achieved using multiple feedback sensors. The most commonly used

sensors are hall sensors and optical encoders.

 In a commutation system -two of the three electrical windings are energized at a time.

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 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Advantages of BLDC Motor:

 High efficiency due to the use of permanent magnet rotor.

 High speed of operation even in loaded and unloaded conditions.

 Long life as no inspection and maintenance is required.

Disadvantages of PMBLDC MOTOR

 Electronic controller required control this motor is expensive.

 Need of additional sensors.

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 APPLICATIONS

Applications of BLDC motor:

 Computer hard drives and DVD/CD players

 Industrial robots

 CNC machine tools

 simple belt driven systems

 Washing machines

 Compressors and dryers

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 CONCLUSION

 Brushless dc motors is more formal usage in high production applications since of their

higher ability using low inertia machines, higher torque in low-speed range, high power

density, low maintenance than other motors.

 In BLDC motor mathematical model is improved. Finally, the achievement of BLDC motor

is analysed by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and Modelling results are instant.

 The parameters of BLDC motor instant a very essential factor in sketch of the BLDC motor

drive system, so it is necessary to predict the exact values of all the parameters.

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 REFERENCE

1. A. Nagasaka, M. Nada, H. Hamada, S. Hiramatsu, Y. Kikuchi, and H. Kato, "Development of

the Hybrid/Battery ECU for the Toyota Hybrid System", Technology for Electric and Hybrid

Vehicles, SP-1331, Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., U. S. A., 1998, pp. 19-27.

2. Electric Vehicle: Technology, Performance and Potential,International Energy Agency,

OECD/IEA, 1993, Paris.

3. Chau, K.T., Chan, C.C. and Liu, C., 2008. Overview of permanent magnet brushless drives for

electric and hybrid electric vehicles. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics,55(6), pp.2246-

2257.

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 THANK YOU…

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