ACTIVE

TENSES
PRESENTED BY NOOM ACADEMY
PRESENT SIMPLE
&
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
 01
PRESENT SIMPLE
(I DO – даг4)
 STRUCTURE
+ [Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb + Object]
I like coffee. / I do like coffee.
She likes coffee.
They like coffee.

- [Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb + Object]

I do not like coffee. (don’t)
She does not like coffee. (doesn’t)
They do not like coffee. (don’t)

? [Do/does + Subject+ Main verb + Object]

Where do you live?
Does Jack play football?
Do you play the piano?
 STRUCTURE
+ [Subject + main verb]
I am Mongolian.
She is French.
They are Korean.

- [Subject + Main verb]

I am not old.
We are not hungry.
He is not funny.

? [Subject + main verb]

Am I late?
Are you hungry?
Is she sure?
 When to use Present Simple tense

· John drives a taxi.

1. · I live in Ulaanbaatar.
· We don’t work at night.
The action is · Do you play football?
general: · I read a book.
· I look after my younger brothers.
· I drink coffee.
 When to use Present Simple tense

2. The action · I play football every weekend.

is not only · I sometimes go to the cinema.
happening
now:
 When to use Present Simple tense

3. The · The human body contains 206 bones.

statement is
· Water boils at 100 degrees.
always true:
 When to use Present Simple tense
· Am I right?
· Sara is not at home.
4. · You are happy.
To talk
about now: *Some of them are general.
· I am not fat.
· Why are you so beautiful?
· Sara is tall.
 When to use Present Simple tense

· The school term starts next week.

5. Something · The train leaves at 19.45 this evening.
that is fixed · We fly to Paris next week.
in the future:
 When to use Present Simple tense

6. Sumarising · Harry Potter goes to Hogwarts School. ·

a book, film He has two close friends, Hermione and …
or a play:
 When to use Present Simple tense
I was walking down the street the
other day when suddenly this
7. man comes up to me and tells me
Telling a he has lost his wallet and asks me to
story: lend him some money. Well,
he looks a bit dangerous so I'm not
sure what to do and while we are
standing there …
 When to use Present Simple tense
· I'll talk to John when I see him.

8. Something in the · You must finish your

future after time work before you go home.
words like when, af
ter and before and 
· If it rains we'll get wet.
after if and unless:
· He won't come unless you ask him.
 01
PRESENT
CONTINOUS
(I AM DOING – ж байна)
 STRUCTURE
+ [Subject + am/is/are + Verb(ing) + Object]
I am speaking to you.
She is reading a book.

- [Subject + am/is/are + not + Verb(ing) + Object]

She is not doing her homework.
You aren’t listening.
They aren’t coming to the party.
She isn’t coming home until Monday.

? [Am/is/are + Subject + Verb(ing) + Object]

Is he watching TV?
Are they waiting for John?
Are you listening?
What am I doing here?
 When to use Present Simple tense

1. · I am eating my lunch.
Action · I'm just leaving work. I'll be home in an hour.
happening
· Please be quiet. The children are sleeping.
now:
 When to use Present Simple tense
· I am taking my exam next month.

· We're eating in a restaurant tonight. We've

already booked the table..
2.
Action in the · They can play tennis with you tomorrow.
They're not working.
future:
· When are you starting your new job?

· Mary is going to a new school next term.

· What are you doing next week?
 When to use Present Simple tense
· Michael is at university. He's studying history.

3. Something · I'm working in London for the next two weeks.

which we
· John is going out with Mary.
think is
temporary: · Sara is learning to drive.

· I am living with my sister until I find an

apartment.
 When to use Present Simple tense

4. Something · It's always raining in London.

which
happens again · They are always arguing.
and again:
· George is great. He's always laughing.
 When to use Present Simple tense

5. Something · The children are growing up quickly.

which is
changing · The climate is changing rapidly.
growing or
· Your English is improving.
developing:
 When to use Present Simple tense

· These days most people are using email instead

6. Something of writing letters.
which is new
and contrasts · What sort of
with a previous clothes are teenagers wearing nowadays?
state:
· What sort of music are they listening to?
How do we spell the Present Continuous tense?

If the base verb ends in If the base verb ends in vowel +

ie, change the ie to y: consonant + e, omit the e:

lie –lying
come – coming
die – dying
mistake – mistaking
 We do not normally use the We normally use the simple
continuous with stative verbs. Stative instead:
verbs include:
I understand you. 
Verbs of thinking and feeling:
(NOT I am understanding you.)
believe love
dislike hate
know like This cake tastes wonderful. 
prefer realise
(NOT This cake is tasting wonderful.)
Verbs of the senses:
feel seem
appear smell
look sound
prefer taste
 Verbs that are sometimes stative

• A number of verbs can refer to

states or actions, depending on
the context.
• Stative verbs describe a state
rather than an action.
I think it's a good idea.
The first sentence expresses an
opinion. It is a mental state, so
we use present simple. In the
second example the speaker is
actively processing thoughts
about something. It is an action
in progress, so we use present
continuous.

Wait a moment! I'm thinking.

 Verbs that are sometimes stative

have be
I have an old car. (state – possession) He's so interesting! (state – his
I'm having a quick break. (action – permanent quality)
having a break is an activity) He's being very unhelpful. (action – he is
temporarily behaving this way)
see
taste
Do you see any problems with This coffee tastes delicious. (state – our
that? (state – opinion) perception of the coffee)
We're seeing Tadanari tomorrow Look! The chef is tasting the soup.
afternoon. (action – we're meeting him) (action – tasting the soup is an activity)

Other verbs like this include: 

agree, appear, doubt, feel, guess, hear, imagine, look, measure, remember, smell, weigh, wish.
 Verbs that are sometimes stative
think look

When think means ‘believe’ or ‘have an *You can use the present simple or
opinion’, we do not use the continuous: continuous to say how somebody looks or
feels now:
I think Mary is Canadian, but I’m not sure.
You look well today.
What do you think of my idea?
You’re looking well today.
When think means ‘consider’, the
continuous is possible: How do you feel now?

I’m thinking about what happened. I often How are you feeling now?
think about it.
But*
Nicky is thinking of giving up her job.
I usually feel tired in the morning. (not I’m
usually feeling)
 am/is/are being
he’s being; you’re being compare
*to say how somebody is behaving now.
He never thinks about other people. He’s
I can’t understand why he’s behaving so selfish. very selfish. (he’s selfish generally, not
He isn’t usually like that. (behaving selfish now) only now)

The path is icy. Don’t slip.

Don’t worry. I’m being very careful. I don’t like to take risks. I’m very careful
person.
*We use am/is/are being to say how a person
is behaving (= doing something they can
control) now. It is not usually possible in other
situations:

Sam is ill.

Are you tired?

 Which one is right?
1. That can't be right. I _____ you! 5. Fifty-three? Are you sure that's the
a) don’t believe answer, or _____?
b) ‘m not believing a) do you guess
b) are you guessing
2. My holiday's next week. I _____
6. The film's on at 7 p.m. and 9 p.m. Which
myself on the beach right now!
_____?
a) imagine
a) do you prefer
b) ‘m imagining
b) are you preferring
3. I've changed the design slightly. What
7. Where's Grandad? Oh, he _____ the
_____?
flowers in the garden.
a) do you think
a) smells
b) are you thinking
b) ‘s smelling
4. She's not answering. _____ her phone
8. I don't know, but I _____ he'll win the
with her?
election.
a) Does she have
a) doubt
b) Is she having
b) ‘m doubting
 Which one is right?

1. Are
you making bread? It _____ 5. Sam thinks it’s good idea, and Ben
_____.
amazing. a) agrees.
a) smells b) ’s agreeing
b) ‘s smelling
6. I _____ this avocado to see if it’s ready to
2. I _____ they’ll be here quite soon. eat.
a) imagine a) feel
b) ‘m imagining b) ‘m feeling
3. We _____ coffee with Xavier later today. 7. She _____ the dentist at 4 p.m. today.
a) have a) sees
b) ‘re having b) ‘s seeing
4. I’m sorry, I _____ . 8. Do you know what I _____ ?
a) don’t understand a) mean
b) I’m not understanding b) ‘m meaning
PRESENT PERFECT
&
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
 03
PRESENT PERFECT
(I HAVE DONE –
чихсан)
 STRUCTURE
+ [Subject + have/has + Verb+ Object]
I have seen ET.
You have eaten mine.
They have gone home.
I’ve finished my work.
- [Subject + have/has + not + Verb + Object]
She has not been to Rome.
We have not played football.

? [Have/has + Subject + Verb + Object]

Have you finished?
Have they done it?
 When to use Present Perfect tense
1. Experience
to talk about experience from
the past. We are not interested
in when you did something. We
only want to know if you did it:
· He has lived in Bangkok.
· Have you been there?
· We have never eaten caviar.
· I’ve seen that film before.
· He has written 3 books and he is
working on another one.
· My last birthday was the worst day I
have ever had.
· Have you ever met George?
· Yes, but I’ve never met his wife.
 When to use Present Perfect tense
· I have bough a car. (Last week I didn’t have a
car. Now I have a car.)
· John has broken his leg. (Yesterday John has a
2. Change good leg. Now he has a bad leg.)
to talk about a · Has the price gone up?
change or new · The police have arrested the killer. (Yesterday
information: the killer was free. Now he is in prison.)
· I can’t get in the house. I’ve lost my keys.
· Sara isn’t at home. I think she has gone
shopping.
When to use Present Perfect tense
 When to use Present Perfect tense

· It’s he first time he has driven a car.

3. When it’s · Sarah has lost her passport again. This is the
the first time second time this has happened.
something has
happened. · Andy is phoning his girlfriend again. It’s the
third time he has phoned her this evening.
 have been & have gone
*We use have/has been when someone has gone to a place and returned:

Where have you been?

I’ve just been out to the supermarket.

Have you ever been to San Francisco?

No, but I’ve been to Los Angeles.

But when someone has not returned, we use have/has gone:

Where’s Maria? I haven’t seen her for weeks.

She’s gone to Paris for a week. She’ll be back tomorrow.
 When to use Present Perfect tense
*We usually use for or since with this
4. continuing structure.
situation
(This is a state that started
in the past and continues in
· They’ve been married for nearly 50
the present (and will probably years.
continue into the future)
· She has lived in UB all her life.
for & since
*For can be used with all tenses. Since is
usually used with perfect tenses only

I have worked here since June.

He has been ill for 2 days.
How long have you known Tara?
 Present Perfect with adverbials
We often use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to the recent
past:
(recently, just, only just, so far, until now, up to now, ever, yet, since
etc.)

Scientists have recently discovered a new breed of monkey.

We have just got back from our holidays.
Have you ever seen a ghost?
Where have you been up to now?
A: Have you finished your homework yet?
B: No, so far I've only done my history.
I've worked here since I left school.
I've been watching that programme every week since it started.
 Present Perfect with adverbials
We do not use the present perfect with 
adverbials which refer to a finished past time:
(yesterday, last week/month/years, in 2016, when I was younger etc.)

I have seen that film yesterday.

We have just bought a new car last week.
When we were children we have been to California.

*but we can use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a time which
is not yet finished:
(today, this week/month/year, now that I am 18 etc.)

Have you seen Helen today?
We have bought a new car this week.
Fill the gap.
Choose the right answer

No, thanks. I’ve had enough.

He’s in hospital. He’s broken his leg!

Sure, you can borrow it now. I’ve finished it.

No, I’m not. I think somebody’s taken my bag.

We’ve decided to sped a week in Paris.

I know the name but I’ve never met her.

 Which one is right?

1. Your hair looks nice. Have you _____ 4. Ms. Evans isn’t in her office. She’s
to the hairdresser’s? probably ____ home.
a) been a) been
b) gone b) gone

2. Keith’s ____ to the shop to get some 5. Where’s my passport _____? I can’t
bread. He’ll be back in five minutes. find it anywhere.
a) been a) a) been
b) gone b) gone
3. I’ve ____ to the shop but there was no
bread. Sorry! 6. Reginald's _____ to Istanbul on
a) been business five or six times this year.
b) gone a) gone
b) been
 Present Perfect with adverbials
1. A: Do you know where Adam is? 5. A: Liz is looking very healthy these days.
B: Yes, I've ___ seen him. He's in the kitchen. B: Yes, she's ___ started yoga classes.
a) yet a) a) been
b) so far b) gone
c) just 6. A: Have you ___ been in a helicopter?
2. Jackie sent off more than 20 job applications last B: Yes. Once was enough!
month, but ___ she hasn't had any replies. a) ever
a) so far b) never
b) yet c) so far
c) never 7. A: Can I have a cup of tea?
3. A: Have you finished reading that book? B: I've ___ come home. You make it!
B: Finished? I haven't started it ___! a) so far
a) yet b) only just
b) just yet
c) ever 8. ___ I've been to six countries in Europe and
4. He promised to write to me once a week but ___ I've next week I'll see three more!
only received a postcard. a) Up to now
a) just b) Only just
b) until now c) Yet
c) ever
 Present Perfect & Past Simple
1. My grandparents moved to the United 5. Sorry, Greg hasn't come to work TODAY.
States IN 1968. Can I take a message?
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished

2. They're still in the US, so they've lived there 6. Sorry, Greg went out FIVE MINUTES
FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS. AGO. Can I take a message?
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished

3. My grandparents came to visit us LAST 7. I've received 25 emails THIS MORNING,

WEEK. most of them spam!
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished

4. They've visited us every summer SINCE I 8. I received 25 emails THIS MORNING, most
WAS BORN. of them spam!
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished
 04
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
(I HAVE BEEN DOING
– саар байна)
 STRUCTURE
+ [Subject + have/has been + Verb(ing)+ Object]
I have been waiting for for one hour.
You have been talking too much.
We’ve been playing tennis for 2 hours.
The car’s been giving a trouble.
I’ve been reading.

- [Subject + have/has + not + been + Verb(ing) + Object]

It has not been raining.
We have have not been playing football.

? [Have/has +Subject + been+ Verb(ing)]

Have you been seeing her?
Have they been doing their homework?
 When to use Present Perfect Continuous

· I’m tired because I’ve been running.

1. An action that · Why is the grass wet? Has it been
has just stopped or raining?
recently stopped · You don’t understand because you
W e use the present perfect haven’t been listening.
continuous tense to talk ab
out an
action that started in the
past and
stopped
recently. There is usually
a result
now.
 When to use Present Perfect Continuous
· I have been reading for 2 hours. ( I
am still reading now.)
2. An action
continuing up to · We’ve been studying since 9
now. o’clock. (We’re still studying now)
To talk about an action that
started in the past and is · We have not been smoking. ( And
continuing now. This is we are not smoking now.)
often used with for and
since.
We often use for and since with the present perfect tense.

· I have been studying for 3 hours.

· I have been watching TV since 7pm.
· Tara hasn't been feeling well for 2 weeks.
· Tara hasn't been visiting us since March.
· He has been playing football for a long
time.
· He has been living in Bangkok since he left
school.
· They’ve been waiting for hours.

*For can be used with all tenses.

Since is usually used with perfect tenses only.
 Present Perfect & Present Perfect Continuous
1. My grandparents moved to the United 5. Sorry, Greg hasn't come to work TODAY.
States IN 1968. Can I take a message?
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished

2. They're still in the US, so they've lived there 6. Sorry, Greg went out FIVE MINUTES
FOR MORE THAN 50 YEARS. AGO. Can I take a message?
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished

3. My grandparents came to visit us LAST 7. I've received 25 emails THIS MORNING,

WEEK. most of them spam!
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished

4. They've visited us every summer SINCE I 8. I received 25 emails THIS MORNING, most
WAS BORN. of them spam!
a) Finished past time a) Finished past time
b) Not finished b) Not finished
Focusing on result or activity