The World:

What You Need To

Know
 North
America 
Mexico
 North America
-Mexico
Size and location
• Official Name of Country: Estados Unidos Mexicanos
• Name of Continent: North America
• Population: 128.9 million
• Total area: 1.964 million km²
• Capital/major cities:
Capital city
-Mexico city
Major cities
-Tijuana with 1.81 Residents in million
-Ecatepec with 1.64 Residents in million
-León with 1.58 Residents in million
• States/Provinces:
-Aguascalientes
 North America
-Mexico
 Baja California
 Campeche
 Location on continent:
-Its located in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United
States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the
Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.
 Bordering countries:
 Guatemala
 Belize
 Honduras
Culture
 Currency: Mexican peso
 Religions: Catholic
 North America
-Mexico
 Language: Spanish
 Major people groups:
-Mestizos 55%
-Amerindians 30%
-Whites 10%
-Afro-Mexicans 5%
 Industry
Major imports
-Electrical machinery, equipment: US$82.9 billion (21.6% of total imports)
-Machinery including computers: $65.9 billion (17.2%)
-Vehicles: $32.1 billion (8.4%)
-Mineral fuels including oil: $25.1 billion (6.6%)
-Plastics, plastic articles: $21.9 billion (5.7%)
 North America
-Mexico
 Major exports
-Vehicles: US$115 billion (23.3% of total exports)
-Electrical machinery, equipment: $87.1 billion (17.6%)
-Machinery including computers: $85.3 billion (17.2%)
-Mineral fuels including oil: $27.6 billion (5.6%)
-Optical, technical, medical apparatus: $20.6 billion (4.2%)
Current government
 President: Andrés Manuel López Obrador
 Un ambassadors: H.E. Juan Ramón de la Fuente
Brief history of the country
 When did it become a country? Why?
- On September 16, 1810, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a parish priest from the town of
Dolores, issued a call to rebellion. In response, rebel leader Vicente Guerrero and defected
royalist general Agustín de Itúrbide collaborated to gain Mexico's independence from Spain
in 1821.
 North America
-Mexico
-
Revolution Day Mon, 21 Nov 2022

New Year's Day Sat, 1 Jan 2022

Constitution Day Sat, 5 Feb 2022

Benito Juárez's birth Mon, 21 Mar 2022

Good Friday Fri, 15 Apr 2022

Labour Day Sun, 1 May 2022

Grito de Dolores (Mexico's Independence

Fri, 16 Sept 2022
Day)
 North America
-Mexico
 Local foods:
-Tacos al pastor
-Chilaquiles
-Chiles en nogada
-Enchiladas
-Tamales
 National flag
Asia
India
Asia-India

Size and location

 official name of the country: the Republic of India
 Name of the continent: asia
 Population: 1.38 billion
 Total area: 3.287 million km²
 Capital and major cities:
Capital city
New Delhi
-major cities
Maharashtra
Karnataka
 Asia-India

 Location on the continent:

-India is situatied in South Asia and is bordered by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the north-west;
China, Bhutan and Nepal to the north; Myanmar to the east; and Bangladesh to the east of West
Bengal
 Bordering countries:
 Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
Culture
 Currency: the Indian Rupee
 Religion:
 79.8% of the population of India practices Hinduism
 14.2% adheres to Islam
 2.3% adheres to Christianity
Asia-India

 Languages: Hindi and English

 Major people groups: Indo-Aryans make up the majority of the Indian population
 Industry:
-Major imports
Mineral fuels including oil: US$170.4 billion (29.9% of total imports)
Gems, precious metals: $88.3 billion (15.5%)
Electrical machinery, equipment: $56.7 billion (9.9%)
Machinery including computers: $48.4 billion (8.5%)
Organic chemicals: $27.2 billion (4.8%)
-Major exports
Asia-India

Engineering goods.
Petroleum products.
Gems and jewelry.
Organic and inorganic chemicals.
Drugs and pharmaceuticals.
Electronic goods.
Current government
 President: Droupadi Murmu
 Prime Minister: Narendra Modi
 Un ambassadors: Ruchira Kamboj
Asia-India

Brief history of the country

 When did it become a country? Why?
-On August 15, 1947, the former Mogul Empire was divided into the independent nations of
India and Pakistan. Gandhi called the agreement the “noblest act of the British nation,” but
religious strife between Hindus and Muslims soon marred his exhilaration.
 Famous wars and conflicts:
-First Kashmir War.
-Second Kashmir War.
-Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
-Siachen conflict (1984–2003)
-Kargil War.
 Interaction with other countries:
Asia-India

-India has diplomatic relations with 201 states/dependencies around the globe, having 199
missions and posts operating globally while plans to open new missions in 2020-21 hosted by
11 UN Member States.
Miscellaneous
 Five interesting facts:
-India's only female prime minister was assassinated
-Mother Teresa's sari is still symbolic
-Indian weddings are a colorful occasion
-The country is third in the world for billionaires
-The majority of the population is Hindu
 Major events and holidays:
Asia-India

-Republic Day.
-Independence Day.
-Gandhi Jayanti.
-Mahavir Janma Kalyanak.
-Buddha Purnima.
-Christmas Day.
-Dussehra.
-Diwali (Deepavali)
 Local food
Asia-India

-Aloo gobi.
Butter chicken.
Palak
paneerChicken
Fish curry.
 Land marks:
-Taj Mahal, Afgra
Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib), Amritsar
Meenakshi Temple, Madurai
Mysore Palace, Mysore
Gateway of India, Mumbai
Red Fort, New Delhi
 South
America
Brazil
 Brazil
Size and Location

Official name: Federative Republic of

Brazil
Name of the continent: South America
Population: 212.6 million (2020)
Total Area(Square Miles):
8.516 million km²
Capital/Major: Brasilia
State/Provinces: Brazil has 26 states
Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas ETC.
Location on continent: central-eastern
part of South America
Bordering countries: It has borders with
every South American country except
Chile and Ecuador.
 Brazil
Culture

Currency: Real
Religion: Roman Catholics
Language: Portuguese
Major People:
Brazilian society is made up of people of different
origins, from the original Native Brazilians, with the
influence of Portuguese colonist, and people of
African descent. Other major significant groups
include Italian, Spaniards,
Germans, Lebanese and Japanese.
Industry( Major Imports/ Major Exports):
The top exports of Brazil are Soya beans, Brazil
imports are mainly machinery, fuels and lubricants,
chemicals and pharmaceutical products, and parts
and accessories for motor vehicles and tractors
 Brazil
Current Government

President/Prime Minister: Brazil only

has a president who is Jair Bolsonaro

UN ambassadors: Marcia Donner Abre is

the only ambassador
 Brazil
Brief History Of The Country

When did it become a country? Why?:

It became a country on September 7, 1822 and it became
a country following more than three centuries under
Portuguese rule, Brazil gained its independence in 1822,
maintaining a monarchical system of government until the
abolition of slavery in 1888 and the subsequent
proclamation of a republic by the military in 1889
Famous wars/Conflicts:
War of Independence
Confederation of the Equator
Cisplatine War
Ragamuffin War
Interaction with other countries:
Brazil maintains diplomatic relations with every United
Nations member state, in addition to UN observer states
Palestine and the Holy See, as well as the Cook Islands
and Niue
 Brazil
Miscellaneous

Five interesting facts:

Brazil is the largest country in South America.
Brazil has 4 time zones.
The Capital City is Brasilia.
Around 60% of the Amazon Rainforest is in Brazil.

Major events/Holidays: Brazilian Carnival(CARNAVAL)

Holy Week/Easter (SEMANA SANTA/PASCOA)
Landmarks: 1. Iguazu Falls · 2. Christ the
Redeemer · 3. Sugar Loaf Mountain, etc
Local foods: Feijoada. The most famous of all
Brazilian dishes, Feijoada is eaten in every corner
of the country.
Europe 
France
 France
 The real name of France is
French republic or
République Française
 France is in the continent
called Europe
 Itspopulation is 67.39
million and is expected to
reach 67.75 Million by the
end of 2022
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 France
 Its land has a total area
of 549,087 km² (212,004 mi²) and a
total coastline of 3,427 km (2,129.4
mi)

• The capital city of France

is known as Paris
The ten largest cities in
France are Paris, Marseille,
Lyon, Toulouse, Nice,
Nantes, Montpellier,
Strasbourg, Bordeaux and Lille
26
 France
 France has 42 states in total. Auvergne-Rhône-
Alpes, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Brittany,
Corsica are some of the states in France
 France is in the Western Europe side of
its continents and 
 its continental territory is bordered on
the northeast by Belgium and Luxembourg, on the
east by Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, on the
south by the Mediterranean Sea, Spain, and
Andorra, on the west by the Bay of Biscay, and on
the northwest by the English Channel (La Manche).

27
 France
 Some Facts About France
• France Is the Most-Visited Country in the World.
• France Has the Largest Art Museum.
• The French Eat 25,000 Tons of Snails Each Year.
• France Produces Over 1,500 Types of Cheese.
• France Had a King – That Lasted Only 20 Minutes.

 Major Events And Holidays In France 

•   Goût de France/Good France. 
•   The Festival of Lights, in Lyon. © M. ...
•   Nice Carnival, Côte d'Azur. ...
•   La Fête de la musique. ...
•   Christmas Markets. ...
•   Le Tour de France. ...
•   July 14, a National holiday. ...
•   The Armada of Rouen, in Normandy.

 Major Events And Holidays In France 

•   Goût de France/Good France. 
•   The Festival of Lights, in Lyon. © M. ... 28
•   Nice Carnival, Côte d'Azur. ...
•   La Fête de la musique. ...
Africa
Egypt
Africa- Egypt

Size and location

 official name of country: The Arab Republic of Egypt
 Name of continent: Africa
 Population: 102.3 million
 Total area: 1.001 million km²
 Capital and major cities:
-capital city:
Cairo
-major cities:
Aswan
Luxor
Africa- Egypt

 States and provinces:

-Alexandria Governorate
-Aswan Governorate
-Asyut Governorate
 Location on continent: Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of Africa.
 Bordering countries: Egypt's land frontiers border Libya to the west, Sudan to the
south, and Israel to the northeast.

culture
 Currency: Egyptian Pound
 Religion: 90 percent of the population is Sunni Muslim and approximately 10 percent
is Christian
Africa- Egypt

 Language: Modern Standard Arabic

 Major people groups:
-Egyptians make 95% of Egypt's population. On the other hand, there are the minorities such
as the Berbers of Siwa oasis, Nubian of southern Nile, Bedouins, and Copts who make 5% of
the entire population
 Industry:
-major import:
Egypt imports mainly mineral and chemical products (25 percent of total imports),
agricultural products, livestock and foodstuff (24 percent, mainly wheat, maize and meat),
machinery and electrical equipment (15 percent) and base metals (13 percent).
-Major export:
The major exports are oil and other mineral products (32 percent of total exports), chemical
products (12 percent), agricultural products, livestock and others fats (11 percent) and
textiles (10.5 percent, mainly cotton).
Africa- Egypt

Current government
 President of Egypt: Abd Al-Fattah As-Sisi
 Prime Minister of Egypt: Mostafa Madbouly
 Un ambassadors of Egypt: Amr Ahmed Ramadan
Brief history of the country
 When did it become a country? Why?
The modern Republic of Egypt was founded in 1953, and with the complete withdrawal
of British forces from the Suez Canal in 1956, President Gamal Abdel Nasser (president
from 1956 to 1970) introduced many reforms and created the short-lived United Arab
Republic (with Syria).
 Famous wars and conflict:
-Egyptian–Saudi War (1811–1818)
Africa- Egypt

-Greek War of Independence (1821–1829)

-First Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833)
Miscellaneous
 Five interesting facts:
-Egypt is home to the Only Remaining Ancient Wonder in the World.
-No, the Pyramids Were Not Built By Slaves.
-Ancient Egyptians and the Afterlife.
-Many Gods of Ancient Egypt.
-Egypt is home to 7 UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
 Major events and holidays:
-Coptic Orthodox Christmas.
Africa- Egypt

-Abu Simbel Sun Festival (February)

-Coptic Orthodox Easter.
-Sham Ennessim.
 Local foods:
-Ful wa Ta'meya.
-Kushari.
-Hamam Mahshi.
-Fiteer Baladi.
-Shawarma.
-Kofta and Kebab.