Types of Sensors

Temperature sensors
 Types of temperature sensors

• Contact sensors
They measure their own temperature. One infers the
temperature of the object to which the sensor is in contact
by assuming or knowing that the two are in thermal
equilibrium, that is, there is no heat flow between them.

• Non Contact temperature sensors

They measure the thermal radiant power of the Infrared or
Optical radiation that they receive from a known or
calculated area on its surface.One then infers the
temperature of an object from which the radiant power is
to be emitted or reflected
 Types of temperature sensors

• Infra red Thermal imaging

Takes the output from an infrared detector, or plethera
of detectors, and presents a 2-D scan of the infrared
intensity distribution in the field of view of an optical
system.
 Types of contact temperature
sensors
• Simple Thermometer
Commonly used body temperature measuring device

• Resistance temperature detectors(Rtd’s)

They are based on the fact that resistance of metals
increases with temperature

• Thermistors
Same as rtd’s but it uses semiconductor material
 Types of contact temperature
sensors

• Thermocouples
Temperature transducer consisting of two dissimilar
metals welded together at one end to form a junction
that when heated will generate a voltage.

• Bimetalic thermometers
The simple mechanical sensor that works in most "old-
fashioned" thermostats based on the fact that two
metals expand at different rates as a function of
temperature.
Types of non contact temperature
sensors

• Radiation thermometers
Include infra red and ultra violet sensors.these are
designed to measure ir or uv intensity

• Fiber optic sensor

These employ thin glass fibres as the sole means to
excite and read the sensing element. The fibre is the
same as used for communications. one end is attached
to the temperature measuring component and other has
a measuring system
Examples of contact temperature
sensors
Industrial thermocouples
Calex electronics Part No.
350-401
 Industrial thermocouples

• Description
– Suitable for measuring the temperatures of pipes in
temporary installations
– The strap is 20 mm wide x 500 mm long and is
supplied with 2 m PVC lead terminated in a miniature
plug.
– Suitable for temperatures up to 105°C.
Industrial thermocouples
Calex electronics Part No.
350-203
 Industrial thermocouples

• Description
– The magnetic patch thermocouple has a flexible
pad suitable for measuring the surface
temperatures of ferrous objects
– supplied with 2 m twisted lead terminated in a
miniature plug.
– Maximum operating temperature 100°C.
Resistance Thermometers
Calex electronics Part No.
350-113
 Resistance Thermometers

• Description
– Fitted with a low cost 4 to 20mA transmitter in
the terminal head
– Temperature range is -100 to +400°C
Resistance Thermometers
Calex electronics Part No.
350-104
 Resistance Thermometers

• Description
– Intended as a low cost alternative to sensors
with terminal heads, this Pt100 is terminated in
a simple plug
– This 3 wire sensor is housed in a 316 stainless
steel sheath 3/16” diameter x 200 mm long.
Supplied with mating socket for connection to
your cable.
– Maximum temperature 250°C.
Examples of non contact
temperature sensors
Convir OL Series Non-Contact Fibre-Optic
Temperature sensor
Convir OL Series Non-Contact Fibre-Optic
Temperature sensor

• Description
– It detects short wavelength infrared radiation,
which enables it to measure the temperature of
metals and other materials with great accuracy.
– With the electronics housing placed in a safe
area, a fibre optic cable up to 15 m long allows
the sensing head to be located in a hazardous
area.
Convir OL Series Non-Contact Fibre-Optic
Temperature sensor

• Features
– Temperature Range 650°C to 1800°C
– Accuracy ± 0.5% of reading in °C ± 1 °C
– Repeatability 0.1% of reading in °C ± 1 °C
– Resolution 0.5 °C
– Response Time 20 ms, 50 ms, 250 ms, 1 s, 3 s, 5 s and 10
– adjustable via interface
– Power Supply 24 V DC ± 25%; stabilized ripple 50 mV
– Power Consumption max. 0.6 W
– Maximum Value Storage adjustable via interface
Convir OL Series Non-Contact Fibre-Optic
Temperature sensor

• Applications
The Convir OL fibre-optic, infrared temperature sensor is
especially designed for high temperature applications
where the target is hard-to-reach, in a strong
electromagnetic field or in a hazardous area.
 Convir CL Series Non-Contact
Temperature Sensor with mV or
Thermocouple Output
 Convir CL Series Non-Contact
Temperature Sensor with mV or
Thermocouple Output

• Description
– The CL Series is a range of high quality,infrared
temperature sensors, with millivolt or thermocouple
outputs.
 Convir CL Series Non-Contact
Temperature Sensor with mV or
Thermocouple Output
• Features
– Temperature Ranges 0 to 120 °C/ 32 to 248 °F or
(optional) 0 to 300 °C / 32 to 572 °F or
100 to 500 °C / 212 to 932 °F or
150 to 650 °C / 302 to 1202 °F (type K O/P only)
– Output Resistance 50 
– Output 10 mV/°C
– Max Load 50 
– Response Time t90 0.3 s (other upon request)
– Repeatability ± 1% of reading. min ± 1 °C
– Accuracy ±1.5% of temp range. min ±2.5 °C
– Field-of-View 5 : 1 (300 mm distance / 60 mm spot diameter)
– Spectral Range 8 to 14 μm
– Power Supply 24 V DC ± 25% (Vss 50 mV)
– Power Consumption 6.3 mA
 Convir CL Series Non-Contact
Temperature Sensor with mV or
Thermocouple Output
• Applications
– they have stainless steel housings and accessories, they
are ideal for applications where hygiene is important.
– used with almost any commercial indicator, alarm unit,
controller, recorder or data logger.
 Convir ST880 Series Low Cost Handheld
Infrared Thermometer

• Price £45.00
 Convir ST880 Series Low Cost Handheld
Infrared Thermometer

• Description
– Measures temperature of hot or moving objects from
a safe distance
 Convir ST880 Series Low Cost Handheld
Infrared Thermometer

• Features
– Display 3.5 digit LCD with backlighting
– Response Time Less than 1s
– Field-of-view 8:1
– Spectral Range 6 to 14 μm
– Power Off Automatic shut off after 7 seconds
– Ambient Temp. Range 0°C to 50°C (32°F to 122°F)
– Relative Humidity 10% to 90% RH operating, <80% RH storage
– Power PP3 9 V battery
– Weight 180 g
– Dimensions 160 x 82 x 41 mm
 Convir ST880 Series Low Cost Handheld
Infrared Thermometer

• Measure temperature of moving or stationary objects

from a safe distance
• Simple to use
• Unique, modern and compact design Built-in laser
pointer to improve aim
 Thermal imagers
• Thermal imaging devices provide the observer with
instruments that can collect (just like a video or still
camera) and convert the thermal infrared radiation
emitted (and also reflected) by objects into images that
can be seen on a view screen or computer display.

• If viewed in a gray scale in a thermal imager, hotter

things appear whiter, cooler things appear blacker
 Thermal imagers

Avio TVS 700 IR Camera

• Price more than US$500

 Thermal imagers
• Image of a cat as obtained
by a thermal imager
 Temperature sensing IC’s

• LM35
– it is a precision temperature sensor giving
an output of 10 mV perdegree centigrade
– available at karachi electronics for Rs 50
 Temperature sensing IC’s

• LM35 Features
– Output propotional to degree centigrade
– Temperature range : -40 to +110 degree C
– Accuracy: ¼ degree C at room temperature
– Supply voltage: +35 to –2V
– Output voltage: +6 to –1 v
– Output current :10mA
 Temperature sensing IC’s

• MAX6612
– It is a low-power precision analog output
temperature sensor in a tiny 5-pin SC70
package.
– It provides an analog voltage output
proportional to temperature.
 Temperature sensing IC’s

• MAX6612 Features
– Optimized to use with ADC’s
– Able to drive high capacitive loads
– Operates upto 150 degree centigrade
– Low current consumption (35 micro Amp
maximum
– Supply voltage: -0.3V to +6V
Web thermometer
 Web thermometer
• This little simple thermometer can be
used to monitor and log the
temperature anywhere in a radius of 20
meters from your computer.
• A simple program can be used to
display the temperature on our desktop
 Web thermometer
• Circuit diagram of the thermometer
 Conclusion
• Hence sensors are widely used in
industrial as well as robotic sector
• They have made our life easy from
engineering point of view