Dominant Approaches and Ideas of

Social Sciences – Institutionalism

and Feminist Theory
 20XX

Institutionalism This is an approach that

emphasizes the role of
institutions. Also, it stresses
the usefulness of
established institutions,
often at the expense of the
individual

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 20XX

Characteristics of Institutions

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 The most significant element of an
institution.
- Structure may be either formal
(legislature, bureaucracy, political
Structures parties, mass-media) or informal
(a network of interacting
organizations or a set of shared
norms).
- Institutionalism provides no
place for individuals and their
interests.
- Rather it involves groups of
individuals in some sort of
patterned interactions that is
predictable based upon specified
relationships among the actors. 4
 The existence of some sort of
stability over time.
- Some legislator may decide to
Stability meet in a committee meeting once
in a room in
the parliament house. That could
be very pleasant but it would not
be an
institution.
- If they agree to meet routinely
after a specific period of time at
the same place,that would begin to
take on the shape of an institution.

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 - Institutions must in some
way (formal/informal)
Regulator of constrain the behavior of its
individual behavior members. If we resume with
the trivial instance of the
committee meeting above, it
may not be considered as an
institution if the members do
not attach importance and
obligation to attend the
meeting.

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 There should be some sense
Shared Values of shared values and
meaning among the
members of the institution.
This view is central to the
normative institutionalism
of March and Olsen

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 Institutions involve legitimacy
beyond the preference of
individual actors. They are
Legitimacy valued in themselves and not
simply for their immediate
purposes and outputs.
Institution’s stability of over
time may contribute to gain this
legitimacy

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Types of Institution 20XX

Types of Institution Description

1. Family The role of this institutions is to procreates (have
children), nurture, and teach values.

2. Religion This institution answers the unanswerable,

establish
morality, deal with death and the afterlife.
Paragraph 1 Title
3. Economy This institution is concerned with the production,
consumption, and distribution of goods and
services;
supply & demand.
4. Government This institution is entrusted with making and
enforcing the rules of a society as well as with
regulating relations with other societies. (political
order)
5. Education It is a place where people of different ages gain an
education, including preschools, childcare, primary
elementary schools, secondary-high schools, and
universities.
 Feminism or feminist theory is a
range of political movements,
Feminist Theory ideologies, and social movements
that share a common goal which
is to define and advance
political, economic, personal,
and social rights for women
(Berroya 2017). This includes
seeking to establish equal
opportunities for women in
education and employment.

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Movements of Feminism
Movements of Feminism Description
1st Wave Feminism refers to an extended period
of feminist
activity during the nineteenth century
and early
twentieth century in the United
Kingdom and the
United States.

2nd Wave Feminism refers to the period of

activity in the early
1960s and lasting through the late
1990s.
3rd Wave Feminism began in the early 1990s, arising as a
response to perceived failures of the second
wave
and also as a response to the backlash against
initiatives and movements created by the second
wave. 11
Basic Principles of Feminism
Principles
Working to increase equality
Expanding human choice
Eliminating gender stratification
Ending sexual violence and promoting
sexual freedom
Description
Feminist thought links ideas to action,
insisting we should push for change
toward gender equality and not just talk
about it.
Feminists believe that both men and
women should have the freedom to
develop their human interests and
talents, even if those interests and
talents conflict with the status quo.
For example, if a woman wants to be a
mechanic, she should have the right
and opportunity to do so.
Feminists oppose laws and cultural
norms that limit income, educational
and job opportunities for women.
Feminists feel that women should have
control over their sexuality and
reproduction. 12
 Types of Description
Feminism
Liberal Feminism Liberal feminism is an individualistic
form of feminist theory, which focuses
on women’s ability to maintain their
equality through their own actions and
choices.
Liberal feminists argue that society
holds the false belief that women are, by
nature, less intellectually and physically
capable than men.

Socialist Socialist feminism is a branch of

Feminism feminism that focuses upon both the
Types of Feminism public and private spheres of a woman's
life and argues that liberation can only
be achieved by working to end both the
economic and cultural sources of
women's oppression.
Socialist feminism is a two-pronged
theory that broadens Marxist
feminism's argument for the role of
capitalism in the oppression of women
and radical feminism's theory of the role
of gender and the patriarchy.

Radical Radical feminism is a perspective within

Feminism feminism that calls for a radical
reordering of society in which male
supremacy is eliminated in all social 13
and economic contexts.
“Strong women don’t play victim, don’t make
themselves look pitiful and don’t point fingers.
They stand and they deal with it”

- Mandy Hale
THANK YOU!
Kwiz!!!!!
1. Give 3 basic principles of feminism
2. Types of Feminism
3. A range of political movements, ideologies and social movements that
share a common goal which to define and advance political, economic,
personal, and social rights for women.
4. It is the most significant element of an institution.
5. Feminism that refers to the period of activity in the early 1960s and
lasting through the late 1990s
6. Form of feminist theory which focuses on women's ability to maintain
their equality through their own action and choices.
7. Types of feminism that calls for a radical reordering of society which
male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic context
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