Objective

1. Justify the use of multiple intelligence in the teaching and

learning process.
 Multiple Intelligence

• a direct challenge to what he calls the ‘classical’ view

of intelligence as a capacity for logical reasoning
• there is not just one underlying mental capacity or g,
but a variety of intelligences that work in combination
 What is Multiple Intelligence?

• intelligence is not a thing, some sort of commodity

inside the head, but a potential, the presence of which
allows an individual access to forms of thinking
appropriate to specific kinds of content’ (Kornhaber
& Gardner, 1991, p. 155)
 What is Multiple Intelligence?

• An ability or set of abilities that allows a person to solve a

problem or fashion a product that is valued in one or more
cultures

• A person may be low in one domain area but high in another.

 What are they?
First introduced by Howard Gardner (1983)
 Originally Seven Intelligences
 Verbal-Linguistic
 Logical-Mathematical
 Musical
 Visual-Spatial
 Bodily-Kinesthetic
 Interpersonal
 Intrapersonal
 Later added (1997)
 Naturalist
Existentialist
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

1. Visual/ Spatial Intelligence (Picture Smart)

 Learning visually and organizing ideas spatially
(3D)
 Seeing concepts in action in order to understand
them
 The ability to “see” things in one’s mind in
planning to create a product or solve a problem
 Visual-Spatial Intelligence
Ability to accurately perceive and portray the visual world.

 Strengths include:
Reading maps and charts, drawing,
mazes, puzzles, imagining things,
creating, visualizations, building.

 Learns best through:

Working with pictures and colors,
drawing, visualizing, forming and
manipulating a mental model.

 In the classroom:
Include art, graphs, diagrams, colors,
pictures, visual aids.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

2. Verbal/ Linguistic (Word Smart)

 Learning through the spoken and

written words
 This intelligence is highly valued in
the traditional classroom and in
traditional assessments of intelligence
and achievement.
 Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence
A sensitivity to the meaning and order of words.

 Strengths include:
Reading, writing, talking, story
telling, thinking in words,
memorizing.

 Learns best through:

Reading, hearing and seeing words,
writing, discussion and debate.

 In the classroom:
Include reading, writing, and
speaking, encourage discussion,
verbalize problems.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

3. Mathematical/ Logical (Number/ Logic

Smart)

 Learning through reasoning and problem solving

 Also highly valued in the traditional classroom
where students are asked to adapt to logically
sequenced delivery of instruction
 Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
Ability in mathematics and other complex logical systems.

 Strengths include:
Problem-solving, math, logic, reasoning,
patterns, working with numbers,
experiments.

 Learns best through:

Classifying, abstract work,
categorizing, working with patterns and
relationships.

 In the classroom:
Use critical thinking, calculations,
numbers, and problem solving.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

4. Bodily/ Kinesthetic (Body Smart)

 Learning through interaction with one’s

environment
 The domain of “overly active” learners.
 Promotes understanding through
concrete experiences
 Body-Kinesthetic Intelligence
Ability to use one’s body in a skilled way.
 Strengths include:
Movement, touching, body language,
dancing, using tools, acting, athletics.

 Learns best through:

Touching, moving, processing knowledge
through bodily sensations.

 In the classroom:
Include movement, dramatize
problems, use manipulatives and
hands-on activities.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

5. Musical (Music Smart)

 Learning through patterns, rhythms

and music
 Includes not only auditory learning
but also the identification of patterns
through all the senses
 Musical Intelligence
Ability to understand and create music.

 Strengths include:
Singing, humming, playing music,
remembering melodies, rhythms,
picking up sounds.

 Learns best through:

Rhythm, melody, singing, listening to
music and melodies.

 In the classroom:
Include sounds, music, jingles,
rhythms and dance.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

6. Intrapersonal (Self Smart)

 Learning through feelings, values and attitudes

 A decidedly affective component of learning
through which students place value on what they
learn and take ownership for their learning
 Intrapersonal Intelligence
Ability to understand one’s own emotions.
Strengths include:
Understanding self, setting goals, working
alone, reflection, recognizing strengths and
weaknesses.

Learns best through:

Working alone, having space, reflecting, self-
paced projects.

In the classroom:

Provide private learning time, assign self-
paced projects, allow students time to reflect
on problems.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

7. Interpersonal (People Smart)

 Learning through interactions with others

 Not the domain of children who are simply
“talkative” or “overly social”
 Promotes collaboration and working
cooperatively with others.
 Interpersonal Intelligence
Ability to perceive feelings and understand other individuals.
 Strengths include:
Understanding people, sales, organizing and
leading groups, communication, resolving
conflict, making friends.

 Learns best through:

Sharing, comparing, relating, interviewing,
cooperative learning activities, group
projects.

 In the classroom:
Include group work, discuss problems, have
students present problems and solutions in
groups or to the class.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence
8. Naturalist (Nature Smart)

 Learning through classification, categories

and hierarchies
 Picks up on the subtle differences in meaning
 It is not simply the study of nature but it can
be used in all areas of study.
 Naturalist Intelligence
Ability to classify artifacts and understand nature.

 Strengths include:
Understanding nature, identification, making
distinctions, exploration.

 Learns best through:

Exploration, working in nature, learning about
natural events, classification activities.

 In the classroom:
Have students observe and recognize
patterns, relate problems to natural
occurrences, identify problems, and explore
solutions.
 9 Distinct Forms of Intelligence

9. Existentialist (Spirit Smart)

 Learning by seeing the “big picture”

 This intelligence seeks connections to real
world understanding and application of new
learning