TYPES OF

FOUNDATION
Prepared by
VISHAL S
VISHNU
VARDHAN R

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Types of foundations

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 I. SHALLOW FOUNDATION
• Depth is less than its width.
• Depth : 3m-4m

• Types :
A. Spread foundation
B. Mat/Raft foundation

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 A. SPREAD FOUNDATION
Load of structure is spread over a large
area

Types :
1. Wall footing
 Simple footing
 Stepped footing
2. Isolated/Column footing
3.Combined footing
4.Continuous footing
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 1.Wall footing
Simple footing Stepped footing

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 2.Isolated/Column footing
Simple Stepped

Sloped
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 3.Combined footing
Rectangular Trapezoidal

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4.Continuous footing

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B.MAT/RAFT FOUNDATUION
• Mat or Raft foundation is a combined footing
that covers all the area and supports all the
walls and columns.

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II. DEEP FOUNDATION
The foundation in which the depth of
foundation is very large when compared to its
width are called Deep foundations.

Types :
1. Pile foundation
2. Pier foundation
3. Well foundation

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1. Pile foundation
• Pile is a R.C.C column member or timber column
member. It is driven into the ground to a suitable
depth. It transfers the load on deeper and harder
layer of the soil or rock.

• TYPES :
1. Concrete piles
2. Timber piles
3. Steel piles
4. Composite piles
5.End bearing piles
6.Friction piles

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1. Pile foundation
a. Steel piles

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1. Pile foundation
b. Concrete piles

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1. Pile foundation
c. End bearing d. Friction

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 2.Pier foundation
• Pier foundation is used to transfer the heavy
load of a building, which is to be situated on
sandy soil or a soft soil, overlying hard bed at
reasonable depth.

It is a large
diameter shaft
which is installed
by placing R.C.C

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 3.Well foundation
Well foundation is hollow inside similar
to well.
The most common type of deep foundation for
bridges is the well foundation.

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 III. MACHINE FOUNDATION
• Machine foundation is used
for placing the machine
purpose.
• Types
– 1.Concrete Block foundation
– 2. Block & Trough foundation
– 3.Framed foundation

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1.Concrete Block foundation

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2.Block & Trough foundation

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3.Framed foundation

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