GOOD AFTERNOON!

What are the types of

discontinuities?

• REMOVABLE DISCONTINUITY
• JUMP/ESSENTIAL DISCONTINUITY
• ASYMPTOTIC/INFINITE
DISCONTINUITY
 MAXIMUM

MINIMUM
MAXIMUM

MINIMUM
 MAXIMUM

MINIMUM
Intermediate Value Theorem

• The first theorem we will illustrate says that a

function which is found to be continuous
over a closed interval will take any value
between and
• If a function is continuous over a closed
interval , then for every value between and ,
there is a value such that
 SOLUTION:
EXAMPLE 1: 1ST : Evaluate the end point [1, 5].
 
Consider the function

3 : Solve for
rd 2nd : Plot endpoint

The claim of IVT is clearly seen in the graph of y = 2x − 5

 SOLUTION:
EXAMPLE 2: 1ST : Evaluate the end point [-4,2].
= =
Consider the function on the closed    
interval [-4,2]. = =
   
= 16
3rd : Solve for  
2nd : Plot endpoint

Therefore we only choose c = −3 because the other

solution c = 3 is not in the specified interval [−4, 2].
EXAMPLE 3:
Consider the polynomial function over
the interval .

SOLUTION:
1st: Evaluate the endpoint of

2nd: Since C is given which is now proceed

to get the intermediate value of m.
Extreme Value
Theorem (EVT)
• If a function is continuous over a closed interval
[a, b], then is guaranteed to reach a maximum and
minimum on [a, b].
• An extreme value of , or extreme is either a
minimum or maximum value of the function.
• A minimum value of occurs at some if for all in
the interval.
• A maximum value ofoccurs at some if for all in
the interval.
 SOLUTION:
EXAMPLE 4: 1st: Evaluate the functionson the
interval of [−1, 1].
Consider the function over [−1, 1].

2nd : From the graph determined your

maximum and minimum.

• The maximum value of , occurring at ;

• The minimum value of 0, occurring at .
 SOLUTION :
EXAMPLE 5: 1st
: Substitute the endpoint on the
Consider the function on the closed function
interval [1, 5].

2nd: Using the graph we can determined

the minimum and maximum.
• The minimum occurs at , giving the
minimum value

• The maximum occurs at giving the

maximum value
How can we summarize
Intermediate value
theorem?

How about the

Extreme Value
Theorem?
Try This!
1. Consider the function on the closed
interval [-4, 2], then get the
minimum and maximum value.
2. Consider on the interval the
extrema occurs at the endpoint.