LESSON 4:

THE PERIOD OF
ENLIGHTENMENT
(1872 – 1898)
Rose Ann B.
Calderon
Lory Jane Beron
 Historical  After 300 years of passivity under
Spanish rule, the Filipino spirit
reawakened when 3 priests

Background Gomez, Burgos, Zamora were

guillotined without sufficient
evidence of guilt. This occurred on
the 17th of February. This was
buttressed with the spirit of
liberalism when the Philippines
opened its doors to world trade
and with the coming of a liberal
leader in the person of Governor
Carlos Maria de la Torre.
 Historical  Spaniards were unable to
suppress the tide of rebellion
among the Filipinos. The once

Background religious spirit transformed

itself into one of nationalism
and the Filipinos demanded
changes in the government and
in the church.
 1. To get equal treatment for
The Propaganda the Filipino and the
Movement Spaniards under the law.
(1872-1896) 2. To make the Philippines a
colony of Spain.
This movement was
spearheaded mostly by the 3.To restore Filipino
intellectual middle-class man like representation in the
Jose Riza, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Spanish Cortes.
Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio
Luna, Mariano Lopez, Jose Ma. 4. To Filipinize the parish
Panganiban and Pedro Paterno. 5. To give the Filipinos
The objectives of this movement freedom of speech of the
were to seek reforms and changes
press, assembly and for
like the following:
redress of grievances.
 Highlights of the
Propaganda Movement
There were three principal
leaders of the Propaganda
Movement:
Dr. Jose P. Rizal
Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado
Alonzo y Realonda was born on
June 19, 1861 at Calamba,
Laguna. His first teacher was his
mother Teodora Alonzo. He studied
at the Ateneo de Manila, started
medecine at UST and finished at
the Universidad Central de Madrid.
He also studied at the University of
Berlin, Leipzig and Heidelberg. He
died by musketry in the hands of
the Spaniards on December 30,
1896 on charges of sedition and
rebellion against the Spaniards. His
pen-name was Laong Laan and
Dimasalang.
 His Books And
Writings

1.NOLI ME TANGERE: 2.EL FILIBUSTERISMO:

This was the novel that gave spirit This is a sequel to the NOLI.
to the propaganda movement While the NOLI exposed the
and paved the way to the evils in society, the FILI
revolution against Spain. In this
exposed those in the
book, he courageously exposed
government and in the church.
the evils in the Spanish-run
government in the Philippines.
3.MI ULTIMO ADIOS
(My Last Farewell):
This was a poem by Rizal
while he was incarcerated at
Fort Santiago and is one that
can compare favorably with
the best in the world.
4.SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE
LOS FILIPINOS (On the
Indolence of the Filipinos) :
An essay on the so-called
Filipino indolence and an
evaluation of the reasons
for such allegations.
5.FILIPINAS DENTRO DE
CIEN ANOS (The Philippines
01
within a Century):
ADD YOUR TITLE HERE

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM SKELETAL SYSTEM

MUSCULAR SYSTEM
 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

NERVOUS SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EXCRETORY SYSTEM
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
 NOTE :
Plants organ systems, such as shoots,
leaves and flowers, develop from localized “ Besides the respect of the lives of human beings,
tissue. All the animals and plants should be on the list too.
Animal organ systems only develop from the That is the real humanitarianism
embryo, and are fully systemic. The animal is
completely dependent on their integration,
plants, not so much. Disparate regions of a plant
can often survive independently.