DENGUE FEVER

AWARENESS
 What is Dengue Fever?
• Dengue fever is a tropical-borne disease characterized by mosquito bites
and the dengue virus.
• The breed of mosquito called Aedes aegypti, which survives only in
tropical and sub-tropical areas throughout the year- facilitates transmit of
the virus.
 DENGUE FEVER
• CAUSATIVE AGENT
• Dengue Viruses
• Encompass 4 different serotypes
• Each can lead to dengue fever and severe dengue
• (also known as ‘Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever’’)
• VECTORS
• Aedes Aegypti
• Aedes Albopictus
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
• Transmitted to humans through the bites of
infective female Aedes mosquitoes.
• When a patient suffering from dengue fever is
bitten by a vector mosquito, the mosquito is
infected and it may spread the disease by
biting other people
• Cannot be spread directly from human to
human
  When is the Aedes mosquitoes bite more likely to bite?

• The dengue mosquitoes also tend to be the most active during the
daytime, and it is said that the most likely chances of infection happen
during the morning and afternoon hours. Per studies, the mosquito is
most active during the daytime.
 CLINICAL FEATURES

EYE PAIN BEHIND THE EYES

HIGH FEVER SEVERE HEADACHE

MUSCLE AND JOINT PAIN

NAUSEA AND VOMITING RASH
 CLINICAL FEATURES
• Some infected people may not have obvious symptoms
• Some may only have mild symptoms like fever
• Or have non-specific febrile illness with rash
• Symptoms of First Infection
• Usually mild
• Once recovered, lifelong immunity to the serotypes of dengue virus will develop
• Subsequent infections with other serotypes of dengue virus are more likely to
result severe dengue
 SEVERE DENGUE
• A complication of dengue fever
• Severe and Potentially fatal
• Initially, there are non-specific symptoms of dengue fever
• High fever, which lasts for 2-7days and can be as high as 40- 41°C
• Later, there may be bleeding tendency:
• Such as skin bruises, nose and gum bleeding, and possibly internal bleeding.
• In severe cases:
• Circulatory failure, shock and death
 MANAGEMENT
• There is no specific medication for dengue fever and severe dengue
Patients with Dengue Fever Patients with Severe Dengue Fever

Mostly self limiting Need to be treated promptly with

Symptomatic treatment is supportive management with
given to relieve discomfort appropriate and timely treatment,
like fever and pain death rate is less than 1%
 PREVENTIVE MEASURE
• Prevent breeding of mosquitoes
• Keep the environment clean
• Remove stagnant water
• Prevent mosquito bites
• Use insect repellent such as OFF lotions or Citronella Spray
 REMOVE STAGNANT WATER
• Avoid using saucers underneath flower pots
• Put all used cans and bottles into covered dustbins
• Change water containers, wells and storage tanks tightly
 PREVENT MOSQUITO BITES –
PERSONAL PROTECTION
• Wear loose, light-coloured, long-sleeved tops and trousers, and use DEET-
containing insect repellent on exposed parts of the body and clothing; and
re-apply according to instructions
• Pregnant women and children of 6 months or older can use DEET-
containing insect repellent
• Use mosquito screens or bed nets when the room is not air conditioned
• Place anti-mosquito devices near entrances such as windows and doors
END