Integrating Technology in the

Instructional Machine

Franco Paoletti, PhD

East Windsor Regional School District

Teachers as Scholars – Program in Teacher Preparation –

“Technology and the Human Experience” – Prof. M.S. Mahoney
Princeton University - July 2006
F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine
 Technology as a complement to instruction
 Motivation
 Identify the needs of modern education: technology incorporation into
educational instruction
 Design and implement applied projects to enhance technology integration in a
specific school district

 Outline
 Introduce principles, procedures, and techniques, used for efficient technology
integration
 Cutting-edge science requires technology
Applied projects:
 Successful grants proposals and funding appropriation
 Building a “low-cost” point-of-service computer station system

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

 Theory and practice of technology integration
 “The education of the future, as I see it, will be conducted through the
medium of the motion picture, a visualized education, where it should be
possible to obtain one hundred percent efficiency. ” … “In ten years,
textbooks as the principal medium of teaching will be as obsolete as the
horse and carriage are now.” Thomas Edison (~1910).
 Five Elements for effective Technology Incorporation
 Access, Connectivity, Resources, Integration, and Guidance
 A New Era of Instructional Methodologies
 teacher-centered → active-interactive student-centered approach
 teacher becomes facilitator / leader providing guidance

 Obstacles along the Path of Technology Incorporation

 limited teacher proficiency and lack of training → “inertia to change”
 limited availability of hardware ↔ budget constraints ??!!

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

Technology Incorporation and the Learning Process
 “Authentic learning” methodology
 hands-on, enquiry-based activities using the scientific method of
investigation → real-life situations / problems
 “Problem-based” instruction
 Learning through discovery and exploration using previously acquired
knowledge or expertise → higher-order-thinking, mental bridges, critical
thinking
 The ASSURE Model of Instruction for Effective Use of Technology
 Analyze the Learner
 State Objectives and Expectations
 Select the Materials and Media
 Utilize the Materials and Media
 Require Student Participation
 Evaluation and Feedback

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

 Modern science requires technology
 Computers are needed to progress in cutting-edge scientific research
 Computer programming opens the scientific investigation to a virtual modeling world of
extreme complexity
 Computer simulations of complex systems allow predictions and discoveries otherwise
unachievable through human brain power alone
 Modern science is intimately integrated with technology and permeates all aspects of our
everyday life

 When science is taught out of context students loose interest and motivation
 Computer technology allows to bring the science of the real world inside the
classroom in a virtual environment
Example: The Internet Plasma Physics Education Experience (IPPEX)
COMING SOON: The Internet Education Space Science Interactive Project (IESSIP)

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

 Securing Funding for Technology Integration
 Public school districts’ budgets not large enough to accommodate all
requests for technology upgrade at all levels across the curriculum
 technology (hardware and software) becoming obsolete at a very fast rate
Grant writing as a tool to secure of funds for technology integration
 Multimedia Technology Capabilities Enhancement at the Hightstown High
School Science Department
 dedicated TV set equipped with a DVD/CD/VCR player

 Science and Technology of the Industrial World within the Classroom Walls
 replace some of the laboratory activities of Chemistry/Physics courses with self
contained virtual modules dealing with real problems from the perspective of a
technician working in an industrial plant
 application of “Authentic learning” methodology and “Problem-based” instruction

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

 Building a “point-of-service” Multimedia Center
 Computer labs centrally located
vs. point-of-service systems right
in the classroom
 Procured hardware (15 computers)
through the Princeton University
Surplus program

 Costs limited to cabling, setup, and

operating systems
purchase/installation
 Demonstrated feasibility of project
with the use of extremely limited
available funds

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

From the Jacquard Loom to the Classroom Desk

FP

… and the evolution continues …

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

 References
 Carlucci, L.M., Paoletti, F., 2006. Integrating Technology into the Curriculum opens the Classroom
onto the Outside World, International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language:
Learning Technologies in the Language Classroom: A Step Closer to the Future” Conf. Proc., May
26-28, Nicosia, Cyprus.
 Paoletti, F., Carlucci, L.M., 2006. Japan Memorial Fund Program Opens New Avenues for Effective
Technology Integration into Instruction , American Physical Society Conf. Proc., April 22-25, Dallas,
TX.
 Carlucci, L.M., Paoletti, F., 2006. Modern Technologies Help Merge Cultures and Overcome
Language Barriers, 8th Annual “Digital Stream: Literacy in Language Learning with Technology”
Conf. Proc., March 23-25, Monterey Bay, CA.
 Roblyer, M.D.D., Roblyer, M.D., 2002. Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, Prentice
Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
 Oppenheimer, T., 2003. The Flickering Mind: The False Promise of Technology in the Classroom
Learning Can Be Saved, Random House, New York, New York.
 Bates, T.W., Poole, G., 2003. Effective Teaching with Technology in Higher Education: Foundations
for Success, Jossey-Bass, Inc., Publishers, Indianapolis, Indiana.
 Maier, P., Warren, A., 2000. Integrating Technology in Learning and Teaching, Kogan Page, Limited,
London, United Kingdom.
 Naidu, S., 2003. Learning and Teaching with Technology: Principles and Practice, Kogan Page,
Limited, London, United Kingdom.

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine

 References
 Lever-Duffy, J., Mizell, A., McDonald, J.B., Mizell, A.P., McDonald, J., 2002. Teaching and
Learning with Technology, Allyn & Bacon, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
 Haymore Sandholtz, J., Ringstaff, C., Dwyer, D.C., 1997. Teaching with Technology: Creating
Student-Centered Classrooms, Teachers College Press, Teachers College, Columbia University,
New York, New York.
 Schunk, D.H., 2003. Learning Theories: An Educational Perspective, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle
River, New Jersey.
 Newby, T.J.J., Stepich, D.A., Lehman, J.D., Russell, James D., 1999. Instructional Technology for
Teaching and Learning: Designing Instruction, Integrating Computers, and Using Media, Prentice
Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
 Carroll, J.A.A., Witherspoon, T.L., 2001. Linking Technology and Curriculum: Integrating the ISTE
NETS Standards into Teaching and Learning, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
 Reiser, R.A., Dempsey, J.V., 2001. Trends and Issues in Instructional Design and Technology,
Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
 Alessi, S.M.M., Trollip, S.R., 2000. Multimedia for Learning: Methods and Development, Allyn &
Bacon, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
 Jonassen, D.H., Howland, J., Moore, J., Marra, R.M., 2002. Learning to Solve problems with
Technology: A Constructivist Perspective, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

F. Paoletti – Integrating Technology in the Instructional Machine