UNIT-2

Commissioning and testing

Prepared By: Aesha K. Joshi(LEE)

Flow of Presentation
Tests before commissioning of electrical machines
Specific tests on machines
Commissioning of Power transformer, three phase I.M
and switch gear
Standard tests on insulation oil
Insulation resistance of electrical equipment
Procedure of drying the winding of electrical
equipment
Factors affecting the insulation resistance
Tests before commissioning
Test before commissioning can be divided in two
parts:

1. Mechanical Tests
2. Electrical Tests
Mechanical Tests:

 Leveling of equipment
 Alignment of shafts
 Bearing clearance
 Testing of air gap between stator and rotor
 Vibration test for rotating electrical machines
Electrical Test:

 Measurement of insulation resistance of the winding

 Drying of winding
 Checking of phone sequence
 High voltage test
 Trial no load and load test
 Temperature rise test
 Dielectric strength test of insulating oil
 Extra additional tests
Specific tests on machines
Specific tests which are performed on the following
electrical equipments:
1. Transformer
2. Induction motor
3. Alternator
4. Synchronous motor
5. Electrical Power Installation
Specific tests on transformer
Measurement of d.c. resistance of the winding
Measurement of voltage ratio
Checking of the relation of voltage vectors
Measurement of zero sequence impedance
Measurement of noise generated by transformer
Tests on tap changer
Tests on protection system
Specific tests on Induction Motor

Measurement of d.c. resistance of the winding

Measurement of voltage ratio
No load and locked rotor tests
Measurement of slip
Performance of characteristic test
Specific tests on Alternator
Measurement of d.c. resistance of the armature and
field winding
Measurement of field discharge resistance
Testing synchronizing circuit
Testing of voltage regulator
Testing on excitation system
Specific tests on synchronous motor
Measurement of d.c resistance of armature winding
Measurement of d.c. resistance of field winding
Dielectric test of armature winding and field winding
Preparations before commissioning power
transformer
Check weather the accessories on the transformer are
properly fitted or not
Carry our drying of winding
Fill up oil in the transformer tank using the standard
procedure
Fill fresh silica jell in the breather
Clean porcelain bushings
Check incoming and outgoing connections
Check earthing of the tank cover
Commissioning of three phase I.M
Starting up
Insulation resistance test and and continuity test
should be performed at starting
If motor does not start
Check connection, weather voltage is available or not,
and check the handle of the brush
If motor does not take load
At this time setting of overload relay should be
checked and should be set properly
Tests performed on Insulating oil
Dielectric strength test
Crackle test
Acidity test
Sludge test
Flash point test
Other tests like viscosity test, Specific gravity testPour
point test etc.
Insulation Resistance
It is essential to measure insulation resistance before
commissioning the electrical equipment

Megger is used to measure the insulation resistance.

In equipment resistance is measured between two

phases and between the phase and earth
Factor affecting insulation resistance
Insulation resistance of insulation deteriorates due to the
many causes like moisture, heat, dust, vibrations, ageing etc.
These factors are :
Absorption of grease, oil or moisture by insulating material
Accumulation of dust on insulating material
Excessive temperature
Overvoltage
Vibrations
Ageing
Drying of winding
Moisture is absorbed by the winding when any
electrical equipments are lying idle without being put
in service. Due to this the insulation resistance of
winding decreases. This insulation resistance increases
as the moisture is driven out due to drying of winding.
Methods of drying
There are different methods of drying windings
Drying by applying heat using lamps
Blowing hot air in to the drying chamber
By circulating electric current through winding
By increasing the losses
By stopping the cooling system
Crimping speed method
Thank you