MATHEMATICS

Quarter 3 – Week 4
4
Relating Triangles
to Quadrilaterals
Objectives:
As you go along with this lesson,
you will be able to find out how
triangles are related to
quadrilaterals. (M4GE-IIId-18.1)
Let’s Review!
Directions:
Identify the figure presented below. Write
triangleif it shows the properties of a triangle,
and quadrilateral if it displays quadrilateral.
Let’s Study!
Read the story problem, then answer the
question.

Mr. Santos bought a  cartolina for his Math

class. He needs two triangles of the same
size without wasting any part of the
cartolina. How will he divide it?What shapes
are formed?
Let’s Study!
Look at the illustrations.

 
Let’s Study!
Suppose we cut a line connecting two
opposite vertices of a rectangle dividing
the figure into two similar parts. The two
similar parts formed  from cutting the
rectangle are triangles which share the
common side (represented by the broken
lines) called the
diagonal of the rectangle.
Let’s Study!
• A polygon is a closed figure made up of several
line segments that are joined together. The line
segments are called sides and do not cross each
other. There are exactly two
  sides that
meet at a point.

• A triangle is a polygon with 3 sides and 3 angles.

• A quadrilateral is a polygon with 4 sides and 4
angles.
Let’s Study!
Look at the other illustrations.
The total measure of all the
angles of a triangle is equal to
  180 degrees of interior angles
and 360 degrees of interior
angles for a quadrilateral.
Thus, a triangle is half of a
quadrilateral.
Activity 1:
Directions: Using the drawing below, tell whether
the figure labelled by each letter is a triangle or
quadrilateral.

 
Activity 2:
Directions: Now that you have learned how
triangles and quarilaterals are related. Supply the
missing term in the blank. Choose the answer
from the box below.
 
 1. Triangles and Quadrilaterals are both called ________.
2-3. Triangles and Quadrilaterals are related according to
_________ and _________.  
4. Triangles have 3 sides and _________ angles.
5. Quadrilaterals have __________ sides and 4 angles.
6-7. Triangles have __________ sum of interior angles
while quadrilaterals have __________ sum of interior
angles.
Assessment:
Directions: Draw the following objects then identify if
it is a triangle or a quadrilateral. Write your answers
on your notebook.

1. handkerchief  

2. slice of pizza
3. cellphone
4. blackboard
5. pyramid
Assignment:
Directions: Using the table below, find the similarities
and differences of triangles and quadrilaterals.

 
Thank you!!!
Relating One
Quadrilateral
to Another
Quadrilateral
Objectives:
In this lesson, you will understand
how one quadrilateral is related to
another quadrilateral.
(M4GEIIId-18.2)
Let’s Study!
Directions: Read the story problem then
answer the questions below.

 
Let’s Study!
Mrs. Reyes assigned the Grade 4 class in Math to find out
how quadrilaterals are related to one another, so she grouped
the class into two. The first group was assigned to prepare cut-
outs of different quadrilaterals like square, rhombus,
parallelogram, rectangle and trapezoid. The other group was
 
assigned to enumerate its similarities and differences by
writing down the different properties of each quadrilateral. As
the group finished working cooperatively and collaborately,
they found all the characteristics of quadrilaterals and relate
each figure to one another. They found out that both square
and rhombus has 4 equal sides. But a square has 4 right angles
while rhombus has no right angles.
Let’s Study!
1.What are the different quadrilaterals given in
the story problem?

2. In what way is a rhombus

 
similar to square? In
what way it is different?

3. In what way is a square like a rectangle? In

what way is it different from rectangle?
Let’s Study!
Let us read some information on how a
quadrilateral is related to another quadrilateral.
Plane figures with four sides are called quadrilaterals .

Figure LOVE is a quadrilateral.

Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.

• A quadrilateral has four line segments. The line

segment is a line formed by connecting two
consecutive vertices. A line
  written at the top of
two letters denotes a line segment.
Quadrilateral LOVE contains line segments 𝐿𝑂̅,̅
𝑂𝑉̅̅, 𝑉𝐸̅̅, and 𝐿𝐸̅.̅
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
•It has four vertices. Vertices are presented with
an upper case letter of the corresponding vertex
or endpoint. Quadrilateral  LOVE contains vertices
which are L, O, V, and E.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.

• It has four angles. An angle is a figure formed by

two consecutive sides with a common vertex.
Quadrilateral LOVE contains  ∠𝐿, ∠O, ∠V, and
∠E.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.

• It has two pairs of opposite sides. Quadrilateral

LOVE contains 𝐿𝑂𝑂̅ and
̅ 𝐸𝑉𝑉̅which
̅ are opposite
sides, and 𝐿𝐸𝐸̅and
̅ 𝑂𝑉which
𝑉̅̅   are also opposite.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• It has adjacent sides. Adjacent sides are two lines that meet
at a common endpoint or vertex. They can also be considered
consecutive sides. In Quadrilateral LOVE, 𝐿𝑂̅̅ and 𝐿𝐸̅̅ have a
 
common vertex, L so 𝐿𝑂̅̅ and 𝐿𝐸̅̅ are adjacent sides. 𝑂𝐿 ̅ and
𝑂𝑉̅are
̅ also adjacent sides.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• If exactly one pair of opposite sides of a quadrilateral is
parallel it is a trapezoid.The line that at some point never
intersect or does not meet is called parallel line. In
Quadrilateral PART, sides ̅𝑃𝐴̅̅ and  𝑅𝑇̅̅ do not intersect, that
means that ̅𝑃𝐴̅̅ and 𝑅𝑇̅̅ are parallel.Therefore Figure PART is a
trapezoid.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• If the two nonparallel sides of a trapezoid are congruent, it
is called an isosceles trapezoid. In geometry, two figures or
objects are congruent if and only if they have the same or
equal measurement. In trapezoid   PLAN, the nonparallel
sides, 𝑃𝑁̅̅ and 𝐿𝐴̅,̅ are the same or congruent. So quadrilateral
PLAN is an isosceles trapezoid.
 Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• If two pairs of opposite sides are parallel, it is a parallelogram. In
a parallelogram, if the parallel sides have the same measure or
equal they are considered as congruent. In quadrilateral CARE, 𝐶𝐴̅̅
𝑖𝑠 parallel to 𝐸𝑅̅̅ and 𝐶𝐸̅̅ is parallel  to 𝐴𝑅̅.̅
So, Quadrilateral CARE is a parallelogram.See Figure CARE.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• If the angles of a parallelogram are right angles, the parallelogram is a
rectangle. In parallelogram ROLE, 𝑅𝑂̅̅ is parallel to 𝐿𝐸̅̅ and 𝑅𝐸̅̅ is parallel
to 𝑂𝐿 ̅. ∠R, ∠O. ∠L, and ∠E are right angles. Thus, parallelogram ROLE is a
rectangle. All the angles in a rectangle are congruent. In addition, the
parallel sides are congruent; 𝑅𝑂̅̅ has the   same measure or congruent to𝐿𝐸̅̅
and 𝑅𝐸̅̅ the same measure to ̅𝑂𝐿̅.̅ Also, all adjacent sides are perpendicular;
𝑅𝑂̅̅ ⊥ 𝑂𝐿 ̅, 𝑅𝑂̅̅ ⊥ 𝑅𝐸̅̅, 𝐿𝐸̅̅ ⊥ 𝑂𝐿 ̅,̅𝐿𝐸̅̅⊥ 𝑅𝐸̅̅. (When all lines has intersect and
form a right angle it is called perpendicular. We used the symbol ⊥ for
perpendicular.)
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• A square is a rectangle with all sides are the same or
congruent. Figure SAFE, is a rectangle with four congruent
sides, 𝑆𝐴̅̅ has the same measure or congruent to 𝐴𝐹̅,̅
𝐴𝐹̅̅ has the same measure to 𝐹𝐸̅,̅  and 𝐹𝐸̅̅ has the same
measure to 𝐸𝑆̅.̅ ∠S, ∠A, ∠F, and ∠E all measure 90° or right
angles. Thus,it is a square.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• If all the sides of a parallelogram are congruent, it is a
rhombus. See Figure TAKE, it is a rhombus because the
opposite sides are congruent and all sides are parallel.
 
In a rhombus, the four angles need not to be congruent
or the same.
Let’s Study!
Here are the properties of a quadrilateral.
• If the angles in a rhombus are all right angles, then
the rhombus is a square. In rhombus JUST, ∠J, ∠U,
∠S, ∠T are right angles measure
 
90°. Hence, it is also
a square. A squaremay also be defined as a rhombus in
which all angles are right angles.
Activity 1:
Directions: Based on the given properties,
determine what kind of quadrilateral is presented.

 
Activity 1:

 
Activity 1:

 
Assessment:
Directions: Read each statement below and fill in the
blank with the correct answer inside the box. Write
your answers on the blank.

A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides.

• When all the angles are right angles, the
parallelogram is a
(1.)________.
Assessment:
• When all the sides are congruent, the parallelogram
is a (2.)________.
• When exactly (3.)________pair of opposite sides
are parallel, it is a trapezoid.
• When all sides are have the   same measure or
congruent and all angles are right angles, the
parallelogram is a square. Thus, a
(4.)________ is both a rhombus and a rectangle.
• When two pairs of opposite sides are parallel, it is a
(5.) ________.
Assignment:
Directions: Answer the following questions. Write Yes
if the statement is correct and No if it is not.

___1. Is a rhombus a square?

___2. Is a square a rectangle?
 

___3. Is a rectangle a parallelogram?

___4. Is a parallelogram a rectangle?
___5. Is a trapezoid a parallelogram? Why?
Thank you!!!