Administrative Reform in

Bangladesh
Administrative reform can, in short, be
define as artificial inducement of
administrative transformation against
resistance.
• Administrative reform define in various way
and it has various name like- administrative
change, administrative transformation,
administrative restructuring, administrative
reengineering, renewal, realignment etc.
Renewal Ad
Change
Ad
Reengineer Reform Ad
ing Transform
ation
Ad Ad
Realignmen Restructur
t ing
• ‘Administrative reform define as those efforts
whish call for or lead to major changes in
bureaucratic system of a country intended to
transform the existing and establish practices,
behaviors and structures within it.’- MM Khan
• The definition highlight three distinct
elements-
• 1) Administrative reform is artificially
stimulated.
• 2)It is transformation process
• 3) There is existence of resistance to change
process.
• Importance of reform-
• 1) It is need for modernized social system.
• 2) It need for identify the problem and make
it dynamic balance.
• 3) It insure the market reform.
• 4)It create the responsiveness to partnership
and collaboration.
• 5) It needed for friendly work in public trust.
 Major administrative reform initiative in
Bangladesh
After liberation war 1971 Bangladesh government took
initative for reform an administrative sectors. And gradually
administrative structure was change in different government.
MUJIB ERA(1971-1975) – In the Mujib government there
were three(3) reform body that is one commission and two
committees.
1) Civil Administration Restoration Committee(CARC)
2) Administrative and Service Reorganization
Committee(ASRC)
3) National pay commission (NPC-1)
• Civil Administration Restoration Committee(CARC)-This
committee known as a civil administration restoration
committee(CARC)
• Establish- On 27 December 1971
• Consist- 1 chairman and 6 members all were the civil servants.
• Mission-
• 1) Examine and suggest for restoration of field administration.
• 2) Restoration of the administration must be implemented.
• 3) To determine the future recruitment policy in government
service in various level.
Recommendation-
1) Establish of twenty ministries. Three others
secretariat organization, and seven constitutional
bodies.
2) Specification of functions of civil servants at sub-
division , district, and division.
3) Provide appropriate statues and respect to
offices and staff of civil administration as lawful
organs of the Government.
• Outcome-It was an bureaucrat dominated
committee and maximum recommendation was
excepted.6 constructional bodies were formed .
• Administrative and services Reorganization
committee(ASRC)-
• Establish- In 15th March 1972,Knowen as
‘Chowdhury’ committee. Committee submitted
report in two phases in April 1973 and May 1974.
• Consist- 1chairman and 3 other members.
• Mission-
• 1) To consider the present structure of various service
both technical and non- technical.
• 2)To consider and connected of all the civil services one
unified service.
• 3) To determined the future recruitment policy in the
government services.
• 4) To prepare and recommendation a compressive
scheme for administrative reorganization.
• Recommendations-
• 1) The committee made the differentiation between former all
Pakistan and central superior service and former provincial
services as well as division, higher and lower class be abolished
and a continuous grading system from top to bottom should be
substituted in each occupational group.
• 2) The committee suggested that reservation of post for various
groups within the public service should be stopped.
• 3) All public servants should be organized in a signal unified
grading structure(UGS) covering the whole public services.
• 4) Create a administrative management and reform committee.
5) Increasing the devaluation of power and authority to
elected local government at different level- district,
thana and union.
6) Separation of the judiciary from the executive had to
be ensured for successful functioning of democratic
policy.
Outcome- ASRC submitted report in two faces but there
were no officially response to the committee because it
was the end of Mujib government and all members and
chairman were close to the government.
• National Pay commission -1-
Establish -1972 ,July-21
Consist- One chairman and 8 members, chairman and members were civil
servants, Members were full time and part time.
Mission-
1) Review the pay structure of all employees in the public sector.
2) Rationalization and standardization of pay scales of all government employees
central to provincial government.
Recommendation-
3) Rational pay scales were livable wage, social acceptability, functionally
distinguishable levels of responsibility and standardized pay level and
motivation in job sector.
4) 9 tier of administrative structure with corresponding pay scales could meet the
recruitment of rational structure in Bangladesh during next five years
• Outcome-Some were partially implemented
but major recommendation were not
implementation and there were no evaluation
responsibility and particular scales.
• Zia ERA-(1975-1981)- After the end of Mujib
government military government came
headed by General Ziaur Rahaman. Only one
commission was formed in this period.
• Pay and services commission-
• Establish- In 1976, 20 February
• Consist- one head EX-CSP and 13 members. Some members were full
time and some were part time. Most of the members were retired
secretary.
• Mission-
• 1) Examine the existing pay and service structure of public sector
employees exclude the defense service but including the autonomous,
and same autonomous and statutory corporations.
• 2) Make a suitable service structure for the civil services along with the
method of recruitment , training and promotion.
• 3) Make a central and provincial government performing similar duties
and function.
• Recommendation-
• 1) The civil service was clarified. The term civil service should
include all functioning in the rational govt sector.
• 2) Specialized service should be remove and equal scales of pay
and ensure the equal opportunities for advancement to the top for
all.
• 3) Civil service in Bangladesh should consist of three tiers with
administrative, top management , and specialist.
• 4) Civil service structure was the creation of SSP(Senior service
Pool) in order to insure representation from all cadres at the
division making level of the government.
• 5) Recommended to introduce the 28 sub cadres and 14 cadres.
• Outcome- Government implemented this recommendation very slowly pay
& service. It took two years for implemented the recommendation and
make a review committee that was New National Grades of Pay.
• Ershad ERA-(1982-90) After the Zia government than again came to the
military government General Ershad. In this there were-
• 1) Martial law committee-1(1982)
• 2) Martial Law committee-2(1983)
• 3) Committee for examination of irregularities(CEI)(1984)
• 4) Committee for administrative Reform/Reorganization(CARR)(1982)
• 5) National pay commission-II(1984)
• 6)National Pay commission (NPC)-III(1989)
• 7) National Implementation committee for administrative Reorganization /
Reform(NICAR) 1982
• Committee for Administrative Reform/ Reorganization(CARR)-
• Establish- 28 Aplril,1982.
• Chairman- Real admiral M.A Khan. Report was submitted 1982,22 june.
• Members- 1 chairman and 9 members
• Mission- CARR was responsibility to establish the sound and effective
administrative system based on devaluation of authority and peoples
participation.
• Recommendation-
• 1) At local government directed elected chairman in district and thana level.
• 2) Strengthen village courts in term of authority and training.
• 3)Elimination of unusal level like division and sub-division.
• 4) Devaluation of administrative, judiciary and financial power at the district
and thana level.
• Outcome- The major area of reform upgrading the thana
administration of sub -division, conversion of old sub-
division into distract and placing development
administration thana, later rename upzila under the elected
chairman.
• National Implementation committee for Administrative
reorganization/ reform(NICARR)-
• Establish- 1982, august
• Chairman-Nurun Nobi Chowdhury
• Mission- It was high power committee for implementation of
CARR mission in the field level.
• Recommendation-
• 1) Upzila administration run by the upzila
parishad and chairman directly elected by vote of
upzila people.
• 2) Upzila parishad was made for developed
administrative and others activities.
• 3) sub division become district headed `by DC.
• 4) For the first time government central
bureaucracy replace by elected chairman.
• National pay commission-II-
• Establish- 1984
• Chairmen-1 chairman and 15 members, some were full time and some were part time.
• Mission-
• 1) Suitable pay structure of officers and employees of government ,sami- government
and autonomous including the others benefits like- salary, house rent , medical
allowance etc.
• 2) To suitable recruitment policy for government employees.
• Recommendation-
• It recommended the highest salary of taka 7500 and lowest 660 taka with20 grade
along with benefits include the house rent, medical benefits education and festal
allowance.
• Outcome- Government accepted the recommendation for modifying this
recommendation create a Modified News scales of pay(MNSP) 1985,June.
• 1) This committee fixed the lowest salary of taka 500tk and highest salary taka 6000.
• National Pay commission-III
• Establish-1989, August
• Chairman- Former Secretary, Former ambassador, a retired secretary senior army officer and
a civil servant were members.
• Mission-
• 1) The commission review included all categories of public employees of the traditional public
sector as well as autonomous organization.
• 2) 900tk minimum level and 10,000 tk highest celery par month.
• Recommendation-
• 1) At last highest and lowest pay of taka 13000 and 1250 taka respectively.
• Outcome-Revised National Scale of Pay(RNSP) was announced in September
1991.Government agree 20 scale of pay.
• Book- Administrative reform in Bangladesh
• - M M Khan
• Kanij Fatema
• Assistant Professor
• Dept of Public Administration
• SUST
 KHALEDA ZIA (1991-1996)
After the end of Earshad governmentthan khaleda zia government was started in 1991 to
won the majority set of parlament from the Bangladesh Nationalist Party(BNP) under
supervision of caretaker government.
kahaleda zia was not interested in administerative reformand there was no political
commitmentto bring about meaningful change within civil service.
Only one commmitte was set up that was not emplement at the end of the khaleda zia
government.
Administrative reorganization committe(ARC)-
Establish-August 1993
Consisted- 6 Menbers
Mission-1) To review the government administrative structure and staffing in ministeries.
2) To fUlfill actual personal need
3) To make the proposial for organizational machinery of government meet the new deman
plce of the scival servance.
• Recommendation-
• 1) Reduce the number of ministeries from 32 to 22 and number of
administration organization forms 257 to 224.
• 2) provisional stracture of the office of Ombusment including
constatitotion article-77
• 3) Rename of ministery of Finance as the ministery of Finance and
economic.
• 4) separation of judiciary form the exceuative.
• 5) provisation of office assistant and small fund for all members of
parlament.
• Outcome-Government took any action on the report of committeon
efficency nor made it available to the public.
 SHIKH HASINA(1996-2001)
• National pay commission(IV)-
• Establish-1996
• Consisted- with 15 mebers including one chairman, some are full time some are part time.
• Mission-
• 1)An approprite pay stracture for office and emploee.
• 2)An appropriate policy guideline for refixing pay allowancees of civel servant.
• 3) induvisal benefites for officials and employes.
• 4) To development the indivudial reward and punishment according to thier performance.
• Recommendation-
• 1) It recommendation for 20 scales at pay with the lowest pay being tk 1800 and highest
pay 18000tk.
• 2) Including doubling medical and conveyance allowences for civel servents.
• Outcome - To emplement the recomendation with the different suggations.
•
• Administration Reforms Commission(ARC)-
• Establish - 1996
• Chairman -1 chairman and 7 members.xcsp,NGO
representative,political person,member sceretary administration
cader,
• Mission-
1) To improve the quality and standerd of service achive transparancy
and efficiency.
2) To determine organizational stracture of civil servants that make
more effective and dynamic demand of time.
3) To creation of awareness for effecting economic in public
expenditure, ensuring value for money andimprove the quality.
• Recomendation-
• 1)To determine the steps towerds citizen right of government as well as determine the
scop and nature of its activits.
• To recommendation for necessary legal and procedual changes.
• To measure for administrative decentralization and reorganization of local government
structure.
• To make a steps to curb corruption in public service.
• Outcome-Some recomendation were implemented by this government.But major
recomendation did not emplemented for the reason of bureaucritic domenation.
• Problems-
• 1) political Benifite
• 2) Bureaucratic domination
• 3) Militery power
• 4) Dependicy
• 5) Regime change.
• 6) Forgine role
•

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