GOALS AND

OBJECTIVES
Goals
 Goals provide a
sense of direction.

 They tell your

learners why you are
teaching the lesson
you have planned.
Goals
 They answer the question “Why am I
teaching this?”

Ex. Students should be able to read and

write well enough to become gainfully
employed.
Goals
 Goals identify
what your
students will
learn from your
instruction.
Goals
 The statement:

Ex “The teacher will show

students examples of logical
arguments”
would fail as goal because it
describes what you will do, not
what your students will learn.
Objectives
 They respond to the
question

”what or how will I teach

on a given day?”
Objectives
 They are specific statements of
learner behavior or outcomes that
state the conditions under which
behavior is to be exhibited (e.g.,
given a list of 25 vocabulary words
at the 8th grade level) and the
proficiency to be attained (e.g., the
student will corerectly provide
synonyms for 20 out of 25).
Objectives
 Heinich and his colleagues (2002)
suggest that well written objectives have
four parts. They call these parts the
ABCD's of instructional objectives.
Objectives
 The A stands for Audience, the B
represents Behavior, and the C stands
for Condition and D stands for Degree.
Objectives
The audience is the learner(s)
that the objective is written for.

 This is usually written "the learner" or

"the student" however it could be written
as specific as "The third grade science
student".
Objectives
The behavior is the verb that
describes what the learner (audience)
will be able to do after the instruction.
 This is the heart of the objective and
MUST be measurable AND observable. In
addition, these verbs MUST be specific.
Verbs such as know, understand,
comprehend, and appreciate are difficult to
measure and are therefore not good
choices for objectives.
Objectives
 Do not confuse learning outcomes with
learning activities. Outcomes is what
you have to write.

 E.g., The child will identify pictures of

words that sound alike. (outcome)

 The student will practice the

multiplication table. (activity)
Objectives
Given a map of the USA the students
will____________the
label state capitals .

Label
Demonstrate
Know
Categorize
Objectives
Conditions are the circumstances
under which the objectives must be
completed.

 What will the instructor allow the student to

use in order to complete the instruction?

 What equipment or tools can the student

have access to such as a calculator, map,
the book, class notes, etc?
Objectives
 E.g., Using the map of
strategic resources
handed out in class,
identify the economic
conditions in the South
resulting from the Civil
War.
Objectives
 _____________the
Given a recipe student will season
and cook a roast until medium rare.

Using marbles
With 80% accuracy
Given a recipe
Given a platter
Objectives
Degree is the level of accuracy to achieve.
It states the standard for acceptable performance
(time, accuracy, proportion, quality, etc)

 How much? How much will be accomplished,

how well will the behavior need to be performed,
and to what level? Do you want total mastery
(100%), do you want them to respond correctly
80% of the time, etc. A common (and totally
non-scientific) setting is 80% of the time.
Objectives

 Example: … without error.

 Example: … 9 out of 10 times.
 Example: …within 60 seconds.
Objectives
When given a sample objective, Didactics
students will be able to identify the
ABCD's with 100% accuracy.

 Audience= Didactics students
 Behavior= (will be able to) identify
 Condition= when given a sample objective
 Degree= with 100% accuracy
Traditional objectives

 Using a list of vocabulary words about

clothing, the students will be able to write

sentences describing what a person

might wear in a specific season with an

accuracy of 8 out of 10.

Objectives nowadays

 A: Audience

 B: Behavior

 C: Context

 D: Direct Object
Objectives nowadays

 The student writes sentences describing

clothes people wear in a specific

season.
Objectives based on:
 Grammar: simple present, past progressive, future, etc.

Examples:
Based on a picture provided by the teacher, the student
will be able to talk about activities he/she will do next
week with a 95% of accuracy.

The student talks about activities he will do next week

using «will».
Objectives based on:
 Vocabulary: Shopping, food, family,
technology, etc.

Examples:
Using the vocabulary of the lesson, the student
will be able to identify the parts of the body with
an accuracy of 6 out of 8.

The student identifies the parts of the body to

make reference to diseases.
Objectives based on:
 Functions: Introduce someone else, express
regret, order a meal, explain how to cook a
recipe.

Examples:
Using the map on page 37 of the textbook, the
student will be able to give directions to explain how
to get to a specific place with 90% accuracy.

The student gives directions to get to a specific

place.
Activity
1. Work in teams.

2. Write 2 pairs of objectives (2 traditional

and 2 current objectives).
Activity in teams

OBJECTIVES
Traditional Current
1. 1.

2. 2.