Mental Health

and Stress

Personal Development
Module 4
 Lesson Objectives
After studying this module, you should be able to
1. Discuss the understanding of mental health and
psychological well being to identify ways to cope with
stress during adolescence.
(Most Essential Learning Competency)
2. Identify the causes and effects of stress in one's
life.
3. Demonstrate personal ways to cope with stress and
maintain mental health.
Do you have an idea what
Mental illness is?
DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITY
1
 Game: True or False

1. About 20% of the world’s children

and adolescents have mental disorders
or problems
TRUE
• About half of mental disorders begin before
the age of 14. Similar types of disorders are
being reported across cultures like
neuropsychiatric disorders (depression,
anxiety, ADHD)
 Game: True of False

2. Mental health problems don't

affect you

False
• 1 of 5 people worldwide suffers mental
health problems according to World Health
Organization (WHO)
 Game: True of False

3. Mental and substance use disorders

are the leading cause of disability

TRUE
worldwide

• About 23% of all years lost because of

disability is caused by mental and substance
use disorders
 Game: True of False
4. Suicide is the least committed
disorder every year worldwide

FALSE
• About 800,000 people worldwide commit
suicide every year. This corresponds to one
death by suicide every 40 seconds.
• Suicide is the second leading cause of death
among 15 to 29 years old.
 Game: True of False

5. War and disasters have a large impact on

mental health and psychosocial well-being

TRUE
• Rates of mental disorders tend to double after
emergencies.
 Game: True or False

7. Mental disorders are untreatable

FALSE
• Despite the existence of effective treatments for
mental disorders, there is a belief that they are
untreatable or that people with mental disorders
are difficult, not intelligent or incapable of making
decisions.
 Game: True or False

8. There are few agencies who work for

mental health

TRUE
• Governments, donors and groups representing
mental health service users and their families need to
work together to increase mental health services
• There are limited rehabilitations and centers but at
least we have something.
 Processing:

1. What can you say about the

facts that you got about Mental
Health?
Mental Health
and Stress

Personal Development
Module 4
 Processing:

What are the most common

disorders among adolescents?
 DISORDERS AMONG
ADOLESCENTS
1. Depression
2. Anxiety Disorders
3. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)
4. Subtance Use Disorder
 Processing:

1. Whatare the Common

Types of Mental Health?
 COMMON TYPES OF
MENTAL HEALTH

1. DEPRESSION
- Disorder of emotion or mood
(sadness, hopelessness, misery, and inability
to enjoy).
SYMPTOMS:
Cognitive Aspects
- manifest by negative conditions about self,
world and future
Motivational
• loss of interest
• lack of drive
• difficulty on starting in anything
Somatic
• Loss of energy
• Sleep difficulties
• Loss of appetite and weight loss/gain
 CAUSES:
 Self-images  Poor Personal relationship

• Body images  Experiencing peer rejection

• Separation of parents
• Emotionally unavailable parents
• Parents who have high marital conflict
• Parents with financial problems
2. EATING DISORDER
Symptom:
Extraordinary weight loss
Cause:
Feeling negatively about their bodies
and highly motivated to look like same-
sex figures in the media
 Types of Eating Disorders
1. Anorexia Nervosa
– Fear of weight gain and a
distorted view of their
body size and image. They
eat very little and can
become dangerously
underweight.
2. Bulimia Nervosa
– Similar to anorexia;
people might want to
binge eat (eat to
excess) and then try to
compensate in extreme
ways, such as making
themselves throw up or
exercise all the time, to
avoid weight gain.
3. ANXIETY
Symptom:
Over worrying about future events
and fear is a reaction to current events.
Cause:
Genes likely play a role in causing
anxiety, as well as the home,
neighborhood, school, and other
environmental factors
 Types of Anxiety
A. Separation Anxiety Disorder
- excessive anxiety felt when their parents
leave them.
-refuse to go to school
-unable to go to sleep without a
parent being present.
-nightmares about being lost or
kidnapped.
-stomach aches, feeling sick to their
stomach, or even throwing up out of fear.
 Types of Anxiety
B. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
(GAD)
- The condition in which has many
worries and fears.
S/S:
• tense muscles
• restless feeling
• becoming tired easily
• having problems concentrating
• trouble sleeping
 Types of Anxiety
B. Generalized Anxiety
Disorder (GAD)
Causes:
• Genetics
• Stress
• Excessive consumption of
caffeine
 Types of Anxiety
C. Social Phobia
- It involves worrying about
social situations, like having to
go to school or having to speak
in class.
 Types of Anxiety
Symptoms:
• sweating
• blushing
• muscle tension
• low self- esteem
• very shy and self-conscious
• become easily embarassed
• overly sensitive to criticism
and have trouble standing
up for themselves
 Types of Anxiety
D. Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder (OCD)
-Frequent, uncontrollable thoughts
("obsessions") that are unreasonable. These
thoughts come into their mind a lot. They then
need to perform certain routines or rituals
("compulsions") to try to get rid of the
thoughts. Children and adolescents with this
disorder will
often repeat behaviors to avoid some imagined
outcomes.
 Types of Anxiety
E. Panic Disorder
-When they feel very scared or have a
hard time breathing and their heart is
pounding. They may also feel shaky, dizzy,
and think they are going to lose their mind
or even die.
The teen or child may not want to go to
school or leave the house at all because they
are afraid something awful will happen to
them.
 Types of Anxiety
E. Panic Disorder
Causes:
• Stress
• Caffeine
• Smoking
• Accidents
• Charges in brain
 Types of Anxiety
E. Panic Disorder
Treatment:
• Positive attitude
• Enough sleep
• See a doctor
• Avoid smoking and caffeine
 Types of Anxiety
F. Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD)
– Jumpiness
– Muscle tension
– Being overly aware of one's
surroundings (hypervigilance)
– Nightmares
– Sleep problems
– Feeling like they are "re-living" the
traumatic experience.
 Types of Anxiety
F. Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD)
Causes:
– Stressful experience
– Trauma
– Family History
– Mental illness
 Situation Analysis
“Your friend isn’t acting like his old self. He seems really
down, and has been doing strange things like giving his
favorite things away. He recently told you that he thought
the people he knew would be better off without him
around and that he’s thought of killing himself. After he
tells you, he asks you not to tell anyone else about what
he has said.”
Guide Questions:
1. Do you think he has a mental problem?
2. What should you do?
 Support Strategies /
Community Mental Health
Resources
• Encourage the person to seek help and support from an
adult.
• Spend time with the person, listen to his/her concerns.
• Be hopeful; help them feel like their life will get better.
• Stand by them.
• Learn as much as you can about mental illness so that
you understand what is going on for them.
• If you are a close friend or family member of someone
with a mental health problem, make sure that you get
help as well.
Activity 2 ( Developmental Activity)
Students will go to different learning stations
by group and with the same group, they will
be given an activity. Each group will do
different task and visit the station found on
the activity sheets provided by the teacher.
These stations contain information about
the Types of Mental Health. As they visit
the learning station they must answer the
questions.
 Presentation Learning
Activity Rubric
Content - offers current information on the topic 40%
chosen thoroughly covers each aspect of the
question.

Presentation – The student makes a genuine 35%

effort to present, not just read the material.

Teamwork – Each member of the group is 25%

actively and effectively participating towards a
specific goal

Total 100%
Processing:
1. What worries you a lot?
2. What makes you stressed
out?
WHAT IS
STRESS?
Merriam-Webster
Processing:
- the stress as a noun is a state of mental
tension and worry caused by problems in one's life,
work, and many others that causes intense feelings
1. What
of worry worries you a lot?
or anxiety.
2. What makes you stressed
Ferret, S. - Peak Performance Success
out?
- stress is simply the body’s response to external
events (e.g., taking an exam or giving a speech) or
internal events (e.g., fear, worry, or unresolved
anger).
Everything one experiences stimulate the body to
react and respond.
 Two Categories of Stress
Eustress
is positive stress for it
is helpful—it motivates
the individual to keep
on working and reach
for the goal
Distress
is negative stress because it
could give harmful implications
to the individual, such as
anxiety and depression;
discourages the individual from
becoming productive; and
could cause emotional,
physical, and psychological
problems.
 KINDS OF STRESSORS
1. Cataclysmic events
are strong stresses that suddenly occur and may
simultaneously affect many people.
Natural disasters:
typhoons, coding, global warming effects, and
earthquakes
—likewise, man-made troubles such as terrorist
attacks, ship or plane crash, and bombings.
 KINDS OF STRESSORS
2. Personal stressors
- refer to conditions, events, situations, or
anything that causes stress to an individual.
It could be positive or negative stressors such as
marrying, death of a loved one, getting a new job or
job loss, starting and ending class, transferring to
new schools, leaving old friends, and many others.
Moreover, stress occurs when the individual is
experiencing frustration, pressure, or conflict.
 KINDS OF STRESSORS
3. Background stressors or daily hassles -
are also referred to as displeasure that could be
encountered every day, such as standing in the long
line while waiting for the train, stuck in heavy traffic,
noise, and pollution of the environment.
- Another background stressor is experiencing
dissatisfaction with school or a job, being in an
unhappy relationship, or living in crowded quarters
without privacy.
COMMON EFFECTS OF STRESS
 Assignment
Two of the most common among middle adolescents
are anxiety disorders and depression. Go to the
Library or browse the internet and do a research on
either one of these. Put them in your journal:
1. What are anxiety disorders/depression?
2. Who gets anxiety disorders/depression and how common are
they?
3. Describe some of the symptoms of anxiety
disorders/depression.
4. List and briefly explain some of the main types of anxiety
disorders/depression.
5. What type of treatment is available for people experiencing
anxiety disorders/depression?
6. What other kinds of support can help a person with anxiety
disorders/depression recover?
 Seatwork
Perform the Activity 1 : Signs of Trouble: Depression in
your journal notebooks. TEST YOUR MOOD.