LTI Systems

ECE 3303: Signals and Systems

Fall 2022
Differential Equation
• Function of various differentials.
• Application in thermodynamics, electromagnetic wave theory
(wave propagation), system modeling, mechanics etc.

For LTI systems,

N > M typically.

9/12/202
2
LTI System 2
LTI System
• Continuous time LTI systems can be represented
using a linear differential equation. The solution to
this differential equation can be decomposed into
two parts.
• Zero input response:
Response of the system in absence of any external input.
• Zero state response:
Response of system only to external input (No internal
response.)

9/12/202
2
LTI System 3
 Zero Input Response

Assumed
Solution*

Roots of this equation will

give us the solution to the
differential equation
characteristic polynomial

9/12/202
2
LTI System 4
Zero Input Response
The roots to the characteristic polynomials can be of 3 types.
1. Non-repeating roots:

2. Repeating roots:

3. Complex roots:

9/12/202
2
LTI System 5
Zero Input Response
(Example)

9/12/202
2
LTI System 6
 Thank You!

9/12/202
2
LTI System 7